|
Cucumber Beetle
Cucumber beetle is a common name given to members of two genera of beetles, ''Diabrotica'' and ''Acalymma'', both in the family Chrysomelidae. The adults can be found on cucurbits such as cucumbers and a variety of other plants. Many are notorious pests of agricultural crops. The larvae of several cucumber beetles are known as corn rootworms. Some well-known pests include the western corn rootworm (''D. virgifera virgifera''), the spotted cucumber beetle and its larva, the southern corn rootworm (''D. undecimpunctata''), the cucurbit beetle (''D. speciosa''), the banded cucumber beetle (''D. balteata''), the northern corn rootworm (''D. barberi''), the striped cucumber beetle (''A. vittatum''), and the western striped cucumber beetle (''A. trivittatum''). The insects live about eight weeks, during which time both larva and adult feed on plants. Adults will attack the tender young growth of stems and leaves, and the buds and petals on mature specimens. They also carry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diabrotica Undecimpunctata Howardi And D
''Diabrotica'' is a large, widespread genus of beetles in the family Chrysomelidae. Members of this genus include several destructive agricultural pest species, sometimes referred to as cucumber beetles or corn rootworms. Species * '' Diabrotica adelpha'' Harold, 1875 * '' Diabrotica adornata'' Baly, 1890 * '' Diabrotica aegrota'' Baly, 1890 * '' Diabrotica alboplagiata'' Jacoby, 1882 * '' Diabrotica alegrensis'' Bechyne & Bechyne, 1962 * '' Diabrotica alexia'' Bechyne, 1956 * '' Diabrotica alfazema'' Bechyne, 1997 * '' Diabrotica amecameca'' Krysan & Smith, 1987 * ''Diabrotica amoena'' (Dalman, 1823) * '' Diabrotica amoenula'' Boheman, 1859 * '' Diabrotica analis'' Baly, 1890 * '' Diabrotica antonietta'' Bechyne, 1956 * ''Diabrotica apicalis'' Baly, 1886 * ''Diabrotica apicicornis'' Jacoby, 1887 * ''Diabrotica apicipennis'' (Baly, 1890) * ''Diabrotica aracatuba'' Bechyne & Bechyne, 1964 * ''Diabrotica arcuata'' Baly, 1859 * ''Diabrotica asignata'' Baly, 1890 * ''Diabrotica atom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diabrotica Barberi
''Diabrotica barberi'', the northern corn rootworm, is a species of skeletonizing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in North America. Adults feed on corn, and, when corn is unavailable, goldenrod Goldenrod is a common name for many species of flowering plants in the sunflower family, Asteraceae, commonly in reference to the genus ''Solidago''. Several genera, such as ''Euthamia'', were formerly included in a broader concept of the genus ... pollen. References Further reading * * External links * Galerucinae Articles created by Qbugbot Beetles described in 1967 {{Galerucinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institute Of Food And Agricultural Sciences
The University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) is a teaching, research and Extension scientific organization focused on agriculture and natural resources. It is a partnership of federal, state, and county governments that includes an Extension office in each of Florida's 67 counties, 12 off-campus research and education centers, five demonstration units, the University of Florida College of Agricultural and Life Sciences (including the School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences and the School of Natural Resources and Environment), three 4-H camps, portions of the UF College of Veterinary Medicine, the Florida Sea Grant program, the Emerging Pathogens Institute, the UF Water Institute and the UF Genetics Institute. UF/IFAS research and development covers natural resource industries that have a $101 billion annual impact. The program is ranked #1 in the nation in federally financed higher education R&D expenditures in agricultural sciences a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malathion
Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide which acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. In the USSR, it was known as carbophos, in New Zealand and Australia as maldison and in South Africa as mercaptothion. Pesticide use Malathion is a pesticide that is widely used in agriculture, residential landscaping, public recreation areas, and in public health pest control programs such as mosquito eradication. In the US, it is the most commonly used organophosphate insecticide. A malathion mixture with corn syrup was used in the 1980s in Australia and California to combat the Mediterranean fruit fly. In Canada and the US starting in the early 2000s, malathion was sprayed in many cities to combat west Nile virus. Malathion was used over the last couple of decades on a regular basis during summer months to kill mosquitoes, but homeowners were allowed to exempt their properties if they chose.. Mechanism of action Malathion is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, a diverse family of chemic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyfluthrin
Cyfluthrin is a pyrethroid insecticide and common household pesticide. It is a complex organic compound and the commercial product is sold as a mixture of isomers. Like most pyrethroids (MoA 3a), it is highly toxic to fish and invertebrates, but it is far less toxic to humans. It is generally supplied as a 10–25% liquid concentrate for commercial use and is diluted prior to spraying onto agricultural crops and outbuildings. Safety In rats, the s are 500, 800 (oral), and 600 (skin) mg/kg. Excessive exposure can cause nausea, headache, muscle weakness, salivation, shortness of breath and seizures. In humans, it is deactivated by enzymatic hydrolysis to several carboxylic acid metabolites, whose urinary excretion half-lives are in a range of 5–7 hours. Worker exposure to the chemical can be monitored by measurement of the urinary metabolites, while severe overdosage may be confirmed by quantification of cyfluthrin in blood or plasma. Health and safety risks are controlled by r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyrethrin
The pyrethrins are a class of organic compounds normally derived from ''Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium'' that have potent Insecticide, insecticidal activity by targeting the nervous systems of insects. Pyrethrin naturally occurs in chrysanthemum flowers and is often considered an organic horticulture, organic insecticide when it is not combined with piperonyl butoxide or other synthetic agricultural spray adjuvant, adjuvants.Mader, Eric, and Nancy Lee Adamson. "Organic-Approved Pesticides."Organic-Approved Pesticides (n.d.): n. pag. The Xerxes Society. The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, Oct. 2012. Web. 10 Mar. 2015. Their insecticidal and insect-repellent properties have been known and used for thousands of years. Pyrethrins are gradually replacing organophosphates and organochlorides as the pesticides of choice as the latter compounds have been shown to have significant and persistent toxic effects to humans.They first appeared on markets in the 1900's and have bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compost
Compost is a mixture of ingredients used as plant fertilizer and to improve soil's physical, chemical and biological properties. It is commonly prepared by decomposing plant, food waste, recycling organic materials and manure. The resulting mixture is rich in plant nutrients and beneficial organisms, such as bacteria, protozoa, nematodes and fungi. Compost improves soil fertility in gardens, landscaping, horticulture, urban agriculture, and organic farming, reducing dependency on commercial chemical fertilizers. The benefits of compost include providing nutrients to crops as fertilizer, acting as a soil conditioner, increasing the humus or humic acid contents of the soil, and introducing beneficial microbes that help to suppress pathogens in the soil and reduce soil-borne diseases. At the simplest level, composting requires gathering a mix of 'greens' (green waste) and 'browns' (brown waste). Greens are materials rich in nitrogen such as leaves, grass, and food scraps. Br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cucumber Mosaic Virus
''Cucumber mosaic virus'' (CMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the family ''Bromoviridae''. This virus has a worldwide distribution and a very wide host range, having the reputation of the widest host range of any known plant virus. It can be transmitted from plant to plant both mechanically by sap and by aphids in a stylet-borne fashion. It can also be transmitted in seeds and by the parasitic weeds, ''Cuscuta sp.'' (dodder). Hosts and symptoms This virus was first characterized in cucumbers (''Cucumis sativus'') showing mosaic symptoms in 1934, hence the name ''Cucumber mosaic''. Since then, it has been found to infect a great variety of other plants. These include other vegetables such as squash, melons, peppers, eggplants,tomatoes, beans, carrots, celery, lettuce, spinach, beets, many ornamentals and bedding plants, such as '' Narcissus'', and various weeds. Its presence has been confirmed on every continent of the world, including Antarctica. Symptoms seen with this virus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erwinia Tracheiphila
Bacterial wilt is a complex of diseases that occur in plants such as Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae (tomato, common bean, etc.) and are caused by the pathogens ''Erwinia tracheiphila'', a gram-negative bacterium, or '' Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens'', a gram-positive bacterium. Cucumber and muskmelon plants are most susceptible, but squash, pumpkins, and gourds may also become infected. Bacterial wilts of tomato, ''Capsicum'' (pepper), '' Solanum ovigerum'' (eggplant), and Irish potato can be caused by (Burkholderiaceae) ''Ralstonia solanacearum''. Other bacteria in the family Burkholderiaceae can cause bacterial wilt of carnation. Bacteria in the genus ''Xanthomonas'' can cause banana bacterial wilt or bacterial wilt in the genus ''Agrostis''. Disease transmission ''Erwinia tracheiphila'' is spread between plants by two species of insect vectors, striped cucumber beetles (''Acalymma vittatum'') and spotted cucumber beetles (''Diabrotica undecimpunctata''). Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacterial Wilt
Bacterial wilt is a complex of diseases that occur in plants such as Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae (tomato, common bean, etc.) and are caused by the pathogens ''Erwinia tracheiphila'', a gram-negative bacterium, or '' Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens'', a gram-positive bacterium. Cucumber and muskmelon plants are most susceptible, but squash, pumpkins, and gourds may also become infected. Bacterial wilts of tomato, ''Capsicum'' (pepper), '' Solanum ovigerum'' (eggplant), and Irish potato can be caused by (Burkholderiaceae) ''Ralstonia solanacearum''. Other bacteria in the family Burkholderiaceae can cause bacterial wilt of carnation. Bacteria in the genus ''Xanthomonas'' can cause banana bacterial wilt or bacterial wilt in the genus '' Agrostis''. Disease transmission ''Erwinia tracheiphila'' is spread between plants by two species of insect vectors, striped cucumber beetles (''Acalymma vittatum'') and spotted cucumber beetles (''Diabrotica undecimpunctata''). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acalymma Trivittatum
''Acalymma trivittatum'', the western striped cucumber beetle, is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in Central America and North America. It is considered a key pest on crops in the Cucurbitaceae The Cucurbitaceae, also called cucurbits or the gourd family, are a plant family consisting of about 965 species in around 95 genera, of which the most important to humans are: *''Cucurbita'' – squash, pumpkin, zucchini, some gourds *''Lagena ... family. References Further reading * * Galerucinae Articles created by Qbugbot Beetles described in 1843 Taxa named by Carl Gustaf Mannerheim (naturalist) Agricultural pest insects {{Galerucinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Striped Cucumber Beetle
''Acalymma vittatum'', the striped cucumber beetle, is a beetle of the family Chrysomelidae and a serious pest of cucurbit crops in both larval and adult stages. It is distributed from eastern North America to the Rocky Mountains. It is replaced in the west by '' Acalymma trivittatum'', a duller species often with greyish or pale white elytra rather than yellow. Description The striped cucumber beetle is a small beetle approximately half a centimeter (1/5 inch) in length, and characterized by brown-yellow elytra completely covering the abdomen and longitudinally transversed by three thick black stripes. It superficially resembles the western corn rootworm (''Diabrotica virgifera''), another serious crop pest. However, the ventral abdominal surface of ''A. vittatum'' is black where that of ''D. virgifera'' are yellow, and the elytra of ''D. virgifera'' often do not extend the full length of the abdomen. Life cycle Large numbers of adults emerge from diapause in the spring to fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
