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Cyphelloid Fungi
The cyphelloid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota that have disc-, tube-, or cup-shaped basidiocarps (fruit bodies), resembling species of discomycetes (or "cup fungi") in the Ascomycota. They were originally referred to the genus '' Cyphella'' ("cyphelloid" means ''Cyphella''-like) and subsequently to the family Cyphellaceae, but are now known to be much more diverse and are spread through several different genera and families. Since they are often studied as a group, it is convenient to call them by the informal (non-taxonomic) name of "cyphelloid fungi". Better known cyphelloid genera include ''Calyptella'', with stalked, cup- or bell-like fruit bodies; ''Lachnella'', with conspicuous, hairy-margined, disc-like fruit bodies; ''Flagelloscypha'' with smaller, but equally hairy, cup-like fruit bodies; ''Henningsomyces'' with tube-like fruit bodies; and ''Merismodes'' with clustered, hairy, cup-like fruit bodies. History The genus ''Cyphella'' was original described b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calyptella Longipes March 2016
''Calyptella'' is a genus of Cyphelloid fungi in the family Marasmiaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains 20 species. These fungi grow on bark of trees or on the stems of herbaceous plants (generally when they are already dead). The fruiting bodies are shaped like bells which hang down from a point of attachment, sometimes with short stems. The smooth fertile surface is on the interior of the bell shape. Species See also *List of Marasmiaceae genera References External links * * Marasmiaceae Agaricales genera {{Marasmiaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyphyly
A polyphyletic group is an assemblage of organisms or other evolving elements that is of mixed evolutionary origin. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of convergent evolution. The arrangement of the members of a polyphyletic group is called a polyphyly .. ource for pronunciation./ref> It is contrasted with monophyly and paraphyly. For example, the biological characteristic of warm-bloodedness evolved separately in the ancestors of mammals and the ancestors of birds; "warm-blooded animals" is therefore a polyphyletic grouping. Other examples of polyphyletic groups are algae, C4 photosynthetic plants, and edentates. Many taxonomists aim to avoid homoplasies in grouping taxa together, with a goal to identify and eliminate groups that are found to be polyphyletic. This is often the stimulus for major revisions of the classification schemes. Researchers concerned more with ecology than with system ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lachnella
''Lachnella'' is a genus of cyphelloid fungi in the Niaceae The Niaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. The family contains six genera and 56 species. GBIF (in 2022), accepted 10 genera and 278 species. Genera * '' Cyphellopsis'' (3) * '' Dendrothele'' (64) * '' Flagelloscypha'' (50) * ' ... family. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains six species. The tiny fruiting bodies (up to about 2 mm across) are cup-shaped or disc-shaped and are densely edged with long white hairs. At most they may have a very short stem, but generally none at all. They can be found all year round on sticks, stalks and sometimes on bark. They are resistant to desiccation, rolling up into a tough closed ball to protect the fertile surface when dry weather comes. References External links Niaceae Agaricales genera Taxa named by Elias Magnus Fries {{Agaricales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calyptella
''Calyptella'' is a genus of Cyphelloid fungi in the family Marasmiaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains 20 species. These fungi grow on bark of trees or on the stems of herbaceous plants (generally when they are already dead). The fruiting bodies are shaped like bells which hang down from a point of attachment, sometimes with short stems. The smooth fertile surface is on the interior of the bell shape. Species See also *List of Marasmiaceae genera The Marasmiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. It includes over 50 genera and some 1590 species. Genera Notes and references ;Notes ;References {{reflist, 2, refs= {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1973 ... References External links * * Marasmiaceae Agaricales genera {{Marasmiaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merismodes Fasciculata 82199
''Merismodes'' is a genus of fungi in the Niaceae The Niaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. The family contains six genera and 56 species. GBIF (in 2022), accepted 10 genera and 278 species. Genera * '' Cyphellopsis'' (3) * '' Dendrothele'' (64) * '' Flagelloscypha'' (50) * ' ... family. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains 20 species. References Niaceae Agaricales genera {{Agaricales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henningsomyces Candidus 81761
''Henningsomyces'' is a genus of fungi in the family Marasmiaceae. The genus name of ''Grovesia'' is in honour of Paul Christoph Hennings (1841–1908), who was a German mycologist and herbarium curator. The genus was circumscribed by Carl Ernst Otto Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. vol.3 (issue 3) on page 483 in 1898. Species , Index Fungorum lists 10 species in ''Henningsomyces'': See also * List of Agaricales genera *List of Marasmiaceae genera The Marasmiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. It includes over 50 genera and some 1590 species. Genera Notes and references ;Notes ;References {{reflist, 2, refs= {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1973 ... References * Marasmiaceae Agaricales genera {{Marasmiaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaricales
The fungal order Agaricales, also known as gilled mushrooms (for their distinctive gills) or euagarics, contains some of the most familiar types of mushrooms. The order has 33 extant families, 413 genera, and over 13,000 described species, along with six extinct genera known only from the fossil record. They range from the ubiquitous common mushroom to the deadly destroying angel and the hallucinogenic fly agaric to the bioluminescent jack-o-lantern mushroom. History, classification and phylogeny In his three volumes of '' Systema Mycologicum'' published between 1821 and 1832, Elias Fries put almost all of the fleshy, gill-forming mushrooms in the genus ''Agaricus''. He organized the large genus into "tribes", the names of many of which still exist as common genera of today. Fries later elevated several of these tribes to generic level, but later authors—including Gillet, Karsten, Kummer, Quélet, and Staude—made most of the changes. Fries based his classification on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, wikt:ordo#Latin, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agarics
An agaric () is a type of fungus fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. In the UK, agarics are called "mushrooms" or "toadstools". In North America they are typically called "gilled mushrooms". "Agaric" can also refer to a basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body. Archaically, agaric meant 'tree-fungus' (after Latin ''agaricum''); however, that changed with the Linnaean interpretation in 1753 when Linnaeus used the generic name ''Agaricus'' for gilled mushrooms. Most species of agaricus belong to the order Agaricales in the subphylum Agaricomycotina. The exceptions, where agarics have evolved independently, feature largely in the orders Russulales, Boletales, Hymenochaetales, and several other groups of basidiomycetes. Old systems of classification placed all agarics in the Agaricales and some (mostly older) sources use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tricholomataceae
The Tricholomataceae are a large family of mushrooms within the Agaricales. Originally a classic "wastebasket taxon", the family included any white-, yellow-, or pink-spored genera in the Agaricales not already classified as belonging to e.g. the Amanitaceae, Lepiotaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Pluteaceae, or Entolomataceae. The name derives from the Greek ''trichos'' (τριχος) meaning hair and ''loma'' (λωμα) meaning fringe or border, although not all members display this feature. The name "Tricholomataceae" is seen as having validity in describing ''Tricholoma'' and its close relatives, and whatever other genera can at some future point be described as part of a monophyletic family including ''Tricholoma''. To that end, the International Botanical Congress has voted on two occasions (1988 and 2006) to conserve the name "Tricholomataceae" against competing names. This decision does not invalidate the use of segregate families from the Tricholomataceae, but simply validates th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niaceae
The Niaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. The family contains six genera and 56 species. GBIF (in 2022), accepted 10 genera and 278 species. Genera * '' Cyphellopsis'' (3) * ''Dendrothele'' (64) * ''Flagelloscypha'' (50) * '' Halocyphina'' (2) * ''Lachnella'' (112) * '' Maireina'' (27) * '' Merismodes'' (13) * '' Nia'' (4) * '' Sphaerobasidioscypha'' (1) * '' Woldmaria'' (2) Note :Figures in brackets show amounts of species in each genera. See also * List of Agaricales families The Agaricales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes (division Basidiomycota). It is the largest group of mushroom-forming fungi, and includes more than 400 genera and over 13,000 species. Molecular phylogenetics analyses of ribosomal ... References External links * Basidiomycota families {{Agaricales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marasmiaceae
The Marasmiaceae are a family of basidiomycete fungi which have white spores. They mostly have tough stems and the capability of shrivelling up during a dry period and later recovering. The widely consumed edible fungus ''Lentinula edodes'', the shiitake mushroom, is a member of this family. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 54 genera and 1590 species. The family Omphalotaceae, described by A. Bresinsky in 1985 as a segregate from the Tricholomataceae, has been considered synonymous with Marasmiaceae. However DNA analyses by Moncalvo et al. in 2002 and Matheny et al. in 2006 have now led to that family being accepted by Index Fungorum and most recent references. The following genera are included in that family : ''Anthracophyllum'', ''Gymnopus'', ''Lentinula'', ''Marasmiellus'', '' Mycetinis'', '' Rhodocollybia'', ''Omphalotus''. Genera See also * List of Agaricales families References * * {{Taxonbar, from=Q544997 Marasmiaceae The Marasmiaceae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
