|
Ab Initio
( ) is a Latin term meaning "from the beginning" and is derived from the Latin ("from") + , ablative singular of ("beginning"). Etymology , from Latin, literally "from the beginning", from ablative case of "entrance", "beginning", related to verb "to go into", "enter upon", "begin". Uses ''Ab initio'' (abbreviation: ''ab init.'') is used in several contexts, including the following: Law In law, ''ab initio'' refers to something being the case from the start or from the instant of the act rather than from when the court declared it so. For instance, the term "void ''ab initio''" means "to be treated as invalid from the outset." E.g., in many jurisdictions, if a person signs a contract under duress, that contract is treated as being "void ''ab initio''". Typically, documents or acts which are void ''ab initio'' cannot be fixed and if a jurisdiction, a document, or an act is so declared at law to be void ''ab initio'', the parties are returned to their respective positions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary
''Webster's Dictionary'' is any of the US English language dictionaries edited in the early 19th century by Noah Webster (1758–1843), a US lexicographer, as well as numerous related or unrelated dictionaries that have adopted the Webster's name in his honor. "''Webster's''" has since become a genericized trademark in the United States for US English dictionaries, and is widely used in dictionary titles. Merriam-Webster is the corporate heir to Noah Webster's original works, which are in the public domain. Noah Webster's ''American Dictionary of the English Language'' Noah Webster (1758–1843), the author of the readers and spelling books which dominated the American market at the time, spent decades of research in compiling his dictionaries. His first dictionary, ''A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language'', appeared in 1806. In it, he popularized features which would become a hallmark of American English spelling (''center'' rather than ''centre'', ''honor'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Novo
De novo (Latin, , used in English to mean 'from the beginning', 'anew') may refer to: Science and computers * ''De novo'' mutation, a new germline mutation not inherited from either parent * ''De novo'' protein design, the creation of a protein sequence that is not based on existing, natural sequences * ''De novo'' protein structure prediction, the prediction of a protein's 3D structure, based only on its sequence * ''De novo'' synthesis of complex molecules from simple molecules in chemistry * ''De novo'' transcriptome assembly, the method of creating a transcriptome without a reference genome, using de novo sequence assembly * ''De novo'' gene birth, the emergence of genes from non-coding sequence * ''De novo'' domestication, the domestication of new species for human use * ''De novo'' assembly in genomics * ''De Novo'' classification, a pathway to classify new medical devices provided by the US Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act * Denovo, a supercomputer project that si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin Legal Terminology
Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area around Rome, Italy. Through the expansion of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language in the Italian Peninsula and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. It has greatly influenced many languages, including English, having contributed many words to the English lexicon, particularly after the Christianization of the Anglo-Saxons and the Norman Conquest. Latin roots appear frequently in the technical vocabulary used by fields such as theology, the sciences, medicine, and law. By the late Roman Republic, Old Latin had evolved into standardized Classical Latin. Vulgar Latin refers to the less prestigious colloquial registers, attested in inscriptions and some literary works such as those of the comic playwrights Plautus and Terence and the author Petronius. While ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Legal Latin Terms
A number of Latin terms are used in legal terminology and legal maxims. This is a partial list of these terms, which are wholly or substantially drawn from Latin, or anglicized Law Latin. __TOC__ Common law Civil law Ecclesiastical law See also * Brocard (law) * Byzantine law * Code of Hammurabi * Corpus Juris Canonici * International Roman Law Moot Court * Law French * List of Latin abbreviations * List of Latin phrases (full) * List of fallacies * List of Philippine legal terms * List of Roman laws * Twelve Tables The Laws of the Twelve Tables () was the legislation that stood at the foundation of Roman law. Formally promulgated in 449 BC, the Tables consolidated earlier traditions into an enduring set of laws.Crawford, M.H. 'Twelve Tables' in Simon Hornbl ... Notes References * Gabriel Adeleye & Kofi Acquah-Dadzie. ''World dictionary of foreign expressions: A resource for readers and writers''. Ed. by Thomas J. Sienkewicz & James T. McDonough, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ad Fontes
''Ad fontes'' is a Latin expression which means " ackto the sources" (lit. "to the sources"). The phrase epitomizes the renewed study of Greek and Latin classics in Renaissance humanism, subsequently extended to Biblical texts. The idea in both cases was that sound knowledge depends on the earliest and most fundamental sources. History The phrase ''ad fontes'' occurs in Psalm 42 of the Latin Vulgate: The phrase in the humanist sense is associated with the poet Petrarch, whose poems '' Rerum Vulgarium Fragmenta'' (c. 1350) use the deer imagery of the Psalm. Erasmus of Rotterdam used the phrase in his ''De ratione studii ac legendi interpretandique auctores'':"On the method of study and reading and interpreting authors." Erasmus von Rotterdam: De ratione studii ac legendi interpretandique auctores, Paris 1511, in: Desiderii Erasmi Roterodami Opera omnia, ed. J. H. Waszink u. a., Amsterdam 1971, Vol. I 2, 79–151. For Erasmus, ''ad fontes'' meant that to understand C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ab Ovo
AB, Ab, or ab may refer to: Arts and media * '' American Bandstand'', a music-performance television show * '' Analecta Bollandiana'', an academic journal * Ancienne Belgique, a concert hall in Brussels, Belgium Business Business terminology * ''Akcinė bendrovė'', Lithuanian equivalent of an S.A. corporation * Aktiebolag, Swedish for "corporation", similar to AG, Ltd or Inc Businesses * A & B High Performance Firearms, a defunct sporting firearms manufacturer * AB Airlines, a defunct British airline * AB Groupe, a French broadcasting group * Activision Blizzard, American holding company for Activision and Blizzard Entertainment * Air Berlin (former IATA airline code AB), a former airline operating 1978–2017 * Alderson-Broaddus College, a liberal-arts college in West Virginia, US * Alfa-Beta Vassilopoulos, a Greek supermarket chain * Allen-Bradley, a brand of industrial control products, manufactured by Rockwell Automation * AllianceBernstein (New York Stock Exchan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abatement Ab Initio
Abatement ''ab initio'' (Latin for "from the beginning") is a common law legal doctrine that states that the death of a defendant who is appealing a criminal conviction extinguishes all criminal proceedings initiated against that defendant from indictment through conviction. Abatement ''ab initio'' was the subject of two United States Supreme Court decisions, '' Durham v. United States'' (1971) and '' Dove v. United States'' (1976). The former extended the doctrine to cases where certiorari was pending and not yet granted, and the latter excluded discretionary appeals. Cases Abatement ''ab initio'' was used in federal court to overturn the conviction of Enron CEO Kenneth Lay. In the state of Massachusetts, it was used to overturn the convictions of John Salvi and Aaron Hernandez, both convicted of murder. In the latter case, however, the state appealed the decision; in March 2019 the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court reinstated Hernandez's conviction and ended the use of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A Priori
('from the earlier') and ('from the later') are Latin phrases used in philosophy to distinguish types of knowledge, Justification (epistemology), justification, or argument by their reliance on experience. knowledge is independent from any experience. Examples include mathematics,Some associationist philosophers have contended that mathematics comes from experience and is not a form of any ''a priori'' knowledge () tautology (logic), tautologies and Deductive reasoning, deduction from pure reason.Galen Strawson has stated that an argument is one in which "you can see that it is Truth, true just lying on your couch. You don't have to get up off your couch and go outside and examine the way things are in the physical world. You don't have to do any science." () knowledge depends on empirical evidence. Examples include most fields of science and aspects of anecdotal evidence, personal knowledge. The terms originate from the analytic methods found in ''Organon'', a collection ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aviation
Aviation includes the activities surrounding mechanical flight and the aircraft industry. ''Aircraft'' include fixed-wing and rotary-wing types, morphable wings, wing-less lifting bodies, as well as lighter-than-air aircraft such as hot air balloons and airships. Aviation began in the 18th century with the development of the hot air balloon, an apparatus capable of atmospheric displacement through buoyancy. Clément Ader built the "Ader Éole" in France and made an uncontrolled, powered hop in 1890. This was the first powered aircraft, although it did not achieve controlled flight. Some of the most significant advancements in aviation technology came with the controlled gliding flying of Otto Lilienthal in 1896. A major leap followed with the construction of the '' Wright Flyer'', the first powered airplane by the Wright brothers in the early 1900s. Since that time, aviation has been technologically revolutionized by the introduction of the jet engine which enabl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
In Medias Res
A narrative work beginning ''in medias res'' (, "into the middle of things") opens in the chronological middle of the plot, rather than at the beginning (cf. '' ab ovo'', '' ab initio''). Often, exposition is initially bypassed, instead filled in gradually through dialogue, flashbacks, or description of past events. For example, ''Hamlet'' begins after the death of Hamlet's father, which is later discovered to have been a murder. Characters make reference to King Hamlet's death without the plot's first establishment of this fact. Since the play is about Hamlet and the revenge more so than the motivation, Shakespeare uses ''in medias res'' to bypass superfluous exposition. Works that employ ''in medias res'' often later use flashback and nonlinear narrative for exposition to fill in the backstory. In Homer's ''Odyssey'', the reader first learns about Odysseus's journey when he is held captive on Ogygia, Calypso's island. The reader then finds out, in Books IX through XII, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ab Ovo
AB, Ab, or ab may refer to: Arts and media * '' American Bandstand'', a music-performance television show * '' Analecta Bollandiana'', an academic journal * Ancienne Belgique, a concert hall in Brussels, Belgium Business Business terminology * ''Akcinė bendrovė'', Lithuanian equivalent of an S.A. corporation * Aktiebolag, Swedish for "corporation", similar to AG, Ltd or Inc Businesses * A & B High Performance Firearms, a defunct sporting firearms manufacturer * AB Airlines, a defunct British airline * AB Groupe, a French broadcasting group * Activision Blizzard, American holding company for Activision and Blizzard Entertainment * Air Berlin (former IATA airline code AB), a former airline operating 1978–2017 * Alderson-Broaddus College, a liberal-arts college in West Virginia, US * Alfa-Beta Vassilopoulos, a Greek supermarket chain * Allen-Bradley, a brand of industrial control products, manufactured by Rockwell Automation * AllianceBernstein (New York Stock Exchan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horace
Quintus Horatius Flaccus (; 8 December 65 BC – 27 November 8 BC), Suetonius, Life of Horace commonly known in the English-speaking world as Horace (), was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus (also known as Octavian). The rhetorician Quintilian regarded his '' Odes'' as the only Latin lyrics worth reading: "He can be lofty sometimes, yet he is also full of charm and grace, versatile in his figures, and felicitously daring in his choice of words."Quintilian 10.1.96. The only other lyrical poet Quintilian thought comparable with Horace was the now obscure poet/metrical theorist, Caesius Bassus (R. Tarrant, ''Ancient Receptions of Horace'', 280) Horace also crafted elegant hexameter verses ('' Satires'' and '' Epistles'') and caustic iambic poetry ('' Epodes''). The hexameters are amusing yet serious works, friendly in tone, leading the ancient satirist Persius to comment: "as his friend laughs, Horace slyly puts his finger on his every fault; once let ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
