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Zebrina Cosensis
''Zebrina'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Enidae. Species Species in the genus ''Zebrina'' include: * ''Zebrina detrita'' (O. F. Müller, 1774) * ''Zebrina fasciolata'' (Olivier, 1801) - type species for genus ''Zebrina'' * ''Zebrina spratti'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1846) * ''Zebrina varnensis'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1847) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Zebrina kindermanni'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1853) : synonym of ''Leucomastus kindermanni ''Leucomastus'' is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Enidae. The species of this genus are found near Black Sea. Species: *''Leucomastus dardanus'' *''Leucomastus eburnea'' *'' Leucomastus kindermanni'' *''Leucomastus varnensis ...'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1854) References * Bank, R. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017 Enidae {{Enidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastropod Shell
The gastropod shell is part of the body of a Gastropoda, gastropod or snail, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium storage. Some gastropods appear shell-less (slugs) but may have a remnant within the mantle, or in some cases the shell is reduced such that the body cannot be retracted within it (semi-slug). Some snails also possess an operculum that seals the opening of the shell, known as the Aperture (mollusc), aperture, which provides further protection. The study of mollusc shells is known as conchology. The biological study of gastropods, and other molluscs in general, is malacology. Shell morphology terms vary by species group. Shell layers The gastropod shell has three major layers secreted by the Mantle (mollusc), mantle. The calcareous central layer, tracum, is typically made of calcium carbonate precipitated into an organic matrix known as c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zebrina Detrita
''Zebrina detrita'' is a medium-sized species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Enidae. Description The width of the shell is 12 mm. The height of the shell is 25 mm. Distribution The distribution of this species is Central European and Southern European. * Czech Republic - endangered (EN) in Bohemia, critically endangered (CR) in Moravia * Bulgaria * Hungary * Slovakia * Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ... * Israel * Italy Habitat This species lives in relatively dry areas. References External links * https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id2715 Enidae Gastropods described in 1774 Taxa named by Otto Friedrich Müller {{Enidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Held
Friedrich Held (21 July 1812 – 25 January 1872) was a German malacologist. His name is honoured by the research organization Friedrich Held Gesellschaft Verein zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Weichtierkunde e.V. Works *Held F. 1836. Aufzählung der in Bayern lebenden Mollusken ''Isis'' 1836 (4): 271-282. Leipzig. *Held, F. 1837 Notizen über die Weichthiere Bayerns ''Isis'' 1837 (4): 303-309. Leipzig. *Held, F. 1838. Notizen über die Weichthiere Bayerns (Fortsetzung) ''Isis'' 1837 (12): 902-919. Leipzig. All digitised at AnimalBase References ''Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names''*Zilch, A.,1967 Geschichte der malakologischen Sektion. Aus der Geschichte des Senckenberg-Museums, Nr. 13. ''Archiv für Molluskenkunde'' 97: 7-43. Biography, handwriting. German malacologists 1872 deaths 1812 births {{Germany-biologist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Land Snail
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as slugs). However, it is not always easy to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less amphibious between land and fresh water, and others are relatively amphibious between land and salt water. Land snails are a polyphyletic group comprising at least ten independent evolutionary transitions to terrestrial life (the last common ancestor of all gastropods was marine). The majority of land snails are pulmonates that have a lung and breathe air. Most of the non-pulmonate land snails belong to lineages in the Caenogastropoda, and tend to have a gill and an operculum. The largest clade of land snails is the Cyclophoroidea, with more than 7,000 species. Many of these operculate land snails live in habitats or microhabitats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terrestrial Molluscs
Terrestrial molluscs or land molluscs (mollusks) are an ecological group that includes all molluscs that live on land in contrast to freshwater and marine molluscs. They probably first occurred in the Carboniferous, arising from freshwater ones. Characteristics This group includes land snails and land slugs. Loss of the shell has taken place many times in different groups that are not evolutionarily closely related, and land snails and slugs are most often treated together as a single group in specialized malacological literature.Barker G. M. (ed.) The biology of terrestrial molluscs'. CABI Publishing, 2001, 558 pp. .Barker G. M. (ed.) Natural enemies of terrestrial molluscs'. CABI Publishing, 2004, 644 pp. . All terrestrial molluscs belong to the class Gastropoda. However, colonization of the land took place several times during the evolutionary past, and as a result terrestrial molluscs are classified in several different, often not closely related, gastropod taxa. Terrestr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pulmonate
Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includes many land and freshwater families, and several marine families. The taxon Pulmonata as traditionally defined was found to be polyphyletic in a molecular study per Jörger ''et al.'', dating from 2010. Pulmonata are known from the Carboniferous Period to the present. Pulmonates have a single atrium and kidney, and a concentrated, symmetrical, nervous system. The mantle cavity is located on the right side of the body, and lacks gills, instead being converted into a vascularised lung. Most species have a shell, but no operculum, although the group does also include several shell-less slugs. Pulmonates are hermaphroditic, and some groups possess love darts. Linnean taxonomy The taxonomy of this group according to the taxonomy of the Ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. There are many thousands of species of sea snails and slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, and land snails and slugs. The class Gastropoda contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number. The fossil history of this class goes back to the Late Cambrian. , 721 families of gastropods are known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record, while 476 are currently extant with or without a fossil record. Gastropoda (previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled "Gasteropoda") are a major part of the phylum Mollusca, and are the most highly diversified class in the phylum, with 65,000 to 80,000 living snail and slug species. The anatomy, behavior, feeding, and re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is estimated between 60,000 and 100,000 additional species. The proportion of undescribed species is very high. Many taxa remain poorly studied. Molluscs are the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms. Numerous molluscs also live in freshwater and terrestrial habitats. They are highly diverse, not just in size and anatomical structure, but also in behaviour and habitat. The phylum is typically divided into 7 or 8 taxonomic classes, of which two are entirely extinct. Cephalopod molluscs, such as squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses, are among the most neurologically advanced of all invertebrates—and either the giant squid or the colossal squid is the largest known invertebrate species. The gas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zebrina Fasciolata
''Zebrina'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Enidae. Species Species in the genus ''Zebrina'' include: * '' Zebrina detrita'' (O. F. Müller, 1774) * '' Zebrina fasciolata'' (Olivier, 1801) - type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ... for genus ''Zebrina'' * '' Zebrina spratti'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1846) * '' Zebrina varnensis'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1847) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Zebrina kindermanni'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1853) : synonym of '' Leucomastus kindermanni'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1854) References * Bank, R. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017 Enidae {{Enidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zebrina Spratti
''Zebrina'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Enidae. Species Species in the genus ''Zebrina'' include: * '' Zebrina detrita'' (O. F. Müller, 1774) * ''Zebrina fasciolata'' (Olivier, 1801) - type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ... for genus ''Zebrina'' * '' Zebrina spratti'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1846) * '' Zebrina varnensis'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1847) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Zebrina kindermanni'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1853) : synonym of '' Leucomastus kindermanni'' (L. Pfeiffer, 1854) References * Bank, R. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017 Enidae {{Enidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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