|
Zanthoxylum Coco
''Zanthoxylum coco'' (also known as ''Fagara coco'') is an evergreen tree of the family Rutaceae, native to Argentina and Bolivia where it grows in the wild, mostly in spiniferous forests of the low mountain ranges of the western Gran Chaco, Chaco. It is characteristic of the hill forest of the Sierras Pampeanas. Description The coco, also cochucho or smelly sauco, is usually found either in isolated groups or standing alone, from a small to medium-sized tree, ranging from 6 to 8 metres in height. The foliage is abundant, evergreen with imparipinnate leaves that present paired spines presumably in the place of leaflets. Punctations, in pairs, on the leaflets are quite distinctive. Leaves have serrated margins and pinnate venation. Flowers have five petals and are arranged in paniculate inflorescences. The fruit is spherically shaped, Dehiscence (botany), dehiscent; containing a shiny blackish seed. The whole plant has a characteristic unpleasant smell, hence the alternative name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JOhn Gillies
John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second Epistle of John, often shortened to 2 John * Third Epistle of John, often shortened to 3 John People * John the Baptist (died c. AD 30), regarded as a prophet and the forerunner of Jesus Christ * John the Apostle (lived c. AD 30), one of the twelve apostles of Jesus * John the Evangelist, assigned author of the Fourth Gospel, once identified with the Apostle * John of Patmos, also known as John the Divine or John the Revelator, the author of the Book of Revelation, once identified with the Apostle * John the Presbyter, a figure either identified with or distinguished from the Apostle, the Evangelist and John of Patmos Other people with the given name Religious figures * John, father of Andrew the Apostle and Saint Peter * Pope John ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trees Of Argentina
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are usable as lumber or plants above a specified height. In wider definitions, the taller palms, tree ferns, bananas, and bamboos are also trees. Trees are not a taxonomic group but include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved a trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight. The majority of tree species are angiosperms or hardwoods; of the rest, many are gymnosperms or softwoods. Trees tend to be long-lived, some reaching several thousand years old. Trees have been in existence for 370 million years. It is estimated that there are some three trillion mature trees in the world. A tree typically has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground by the trunk. This trunk typically co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zanthoxylum
''Zanthoxylum'' is a genus of about 250 species of deciduous and evergreen trees, shrubs and climbers in the family Rutaceae that are native to warm temperate and subtropical areas worldwide. It is the type genus of the tribe Zanthoxyleae in the subfamily Rutoideae. Several of the species have yellow heartwood, to which their generic name alludes. Description Plants in the genus ''Zanthoxylum'' are typically dioecious shrubs, trees or woody climbers armed with trichomes. The leaves are arranged alternately and are usually pinnate or trifoliate. The flowers are usually arranged in panicles and usually function as male or female flowers with four sepals and four petals, the sepals remaining attached to the fruit. Male flowers have four stamens opposite the sepals. Female flowers have up to five, more or less free carpels with the styles free or sometimes fused near the tip. The fruit is usually of up to four follicles fused at the base, each containing a single seed almost a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candicine
Candicine is a naturally occurring organic compound that is a quaternary ammonium salt with a phenethylamine skeleton. It is the N,N,N-trimethyl derivative of the well-known biogenic amine tyramine, and, being a natural product with a positively charged nitrogen atom in its molecular structure, it is classed as an alkaloid. Although it is found in a variety of plants, including barley, its properties have not been extensively studied with modern techniques. Candicine is toxic after parenteral administration, producing symptoms of neuromuscular blocking drug, neuromuscular blockade; further details are given in the "Pharmacology" section below. Occurrence Candicine occurs in a variety of plants, notably the cacti. This alkaloid was first isolated from the Argentinian cactus ''Trichocereus candicans'' (now reclassified as ''Echinopsis candicans''), from which it derives its name, and from other ''Trichocereus'' species. ''T. candicans'' may contain up to 5% candicine, and is also a r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palmatine
Palmatine is a protoberberine alkaloid found in several plants including ''Phellodendron amurense'', ''Coptis Chinensis'' (Rhizoma coptidis, chinese goldthread) and '' Corydalis yanhusuo'', ''Tinospora cordifolia'' (gurjo, heart-leaved moonseed), ''Tinospora sagittata'', ''Phellodendron amurense'' (amur cork tree), '' Stephania yunnanensis.'' It is the major component of the protoberberine extract from ''Enantia chlorantha''. It has been studied for its potential use in the treatment of jaundice, dysentery, hypertension, inflammation, and liver-related diseases. This compound also has weak ''in vitro'' activity against flavivirus. Pharmacology Neuroprotective activity Palmatine can be used to treat Alzheimer’s disease, mainly by inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and neuraminidase-1 (NA-1). It was found, that the positively charged nitrogen on palmatine binds in the gorge of active sire of AChE. Research show that palma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berberine
Berberine is a quaternary ammonium salt from the protoberberine group of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids found in such plants as ''Berberis vulgaris'' (barberry), ''Berberis aristata'' (tree turmeric), ''Mahonia aquifolium'' (Oregon grape), ''Hydrastis canadensis'' (goldenseal), ''Xanthorhiza simplicissima'' (yellowroot), ''Phellodendron amurense'' (Amur cork tree), ''Coptis chinensis'' (Chinese goldthread), ''Tinospora cordifolia'', ''Argemone mexicana'' (prickly poppy), and ''Eschscholzia californica'' (Californian poppy). Berberine is usually found in the roots, rhizomes, stems, and bark. Due to its yellow color, ''Berberis'' species were used to dye wool, leather, and wood. Under ultraviolet light, berberine shows a strong yellow fluorescence, making it useful in histology for staining heparin in mast cells. As a natural dye, berberine has a color index of 75160. Research and adverse effects The safety of using berberine for any condition is not adequately defined by high-qua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitidine
Nitidine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid found in species of the genus ''Zanthoxylum '', notably in ''Zanthoxylum nitidum ''Zanthoxylum nitidum'', commonly known as shiny-leaf prickly-ash, tez-mui (in Assamese) or liang mian zhen (in China), is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae. It is a woody climber with prickles on the branchlets, thick, cone- ...''. This compound has an anti-malarial activity.Bouquet, J., et al. (2012)Biological activities of nitidine, a potential anti-malarial lead compound.''Malaria Journal'' 11:67 References Isoquinoline alkaloids Benzodioxoles Quinoline alkaloids Alkaloids found in Rutaceae Antimalarial agents {{alkaloid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
