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Zeven
Zeven [] is a town in the Rotenburg (district), district of Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It has a population of around 14,000. The nearest large towns are Bremerhaven, Bremen (city), Bremen and Hamburg. It is situated approximately 22 km northwest of Rotenburg an der Wümme, Rotenburg, and 40 km northeast of Bremen. Zeven is also the seat of the ''Samtgemeinde'' ("collective municipality") Zeven (Samtgemeinde), Zeven. Location Zeven is located in the Zevener Geest in the centrum of the Elbe-Weser Triangle. The closest major city is Hamburg. History In 986 Zeven was first mentioned in a document of the Benedictine in Heeslingen, then giving its name as ''kivinan à Heeslingen'' (Kivinan near Heeslingen). In 1141 the convent was relocated to Zeven. The convent played a determining role in Zeven's history. Zeven belonged to the old Duchy of Saxony and at its dissolution in 1180 Zeven became a part of the newly founded Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, the princely ...
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Prince-Archbishopric Of Bremen
The Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (german: Fürsterzbistum Bremen) — not to be confused with the modern Archdiocese of Hamburg, founded in 1994 — was an ecclesiastical principality (787–1566/1648) of the Holy Roman Empire and the Catholic Church that after its definitive secularization in 1648 became the hereditary Duchy of Bremen (german: Herzogtum Bremen). The prince-archbishopric, which was under the secular rule of the archbishop, consisted of about a third of the diocesan territory. The city of Bremen was ''de facto'' (since 1186) and ''de jure'' (since 1646) not part of the prince-archbishopric. Most of the prince-archbishopric lay rather in the area to the north of the ''city of Bremen'', between the Weser and Elbe rivers. Even more confusingly, parts of the prince-archbishopric belonged in religious respect to the neighbouring Diocese of Verden, making up 10% of its diocesan territory. History In the different historical struggles for expansion of territory or priv ...
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Zevener Geest
The Zeven Geest (german: Zevener Geest), which is part of the Stade Geest, is an area of sandy terrain in the northeast of the German state of Lower Saxony. It is named after the town of Zeven. Geography The Zeven Geest lies in the Elbe-Weser Triangle between the cities of Hamburg, Bremen and Bremerhaven. It covers the area between Sottrum, Bremervörde, Stade, Buxtehude, Tostedt, Scheeßel and Rotenburg (Wümme). It borders in the west on the Hamme-Oste Lowland and the Teufelsmoor, in the south on the Wümme Lowland and in the northwest on the Wesermünde Geest. Administrative affiliation The region of the Zeven Geest belongs administratively to the rural districts (''Landkreisen'') of Verden, Harburg, Rotenburg (Wümme) and Stade, that were formerly part of the Stade administrative district. Towns and villages *Apensen *Bremervörde *Buxtehude *Gnarrenburg * Gyhum *Harsefeld *Heeslingen *Ottersberg *Selsingen *Sittensen * Sottrum *Stade * Tarmstedt *Tostedt *Zeven Z ...
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Bremen-Verden
), which is a public-law corporation established in 1865 succeeding the estates of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (established in 1397), now providing the local fire insurance in the shown area and supporting with its surplusses cultural efforts in and scientific works on the area. The ambit covers almost exactly the former Duchies of Bremen and Verden except of some of Bremen's northern quarters, incorporated in 1939, which prior belonged to the Landschaft's ambit too. , capital = Stade , common_languages = Low Saxon, German , title_leader = Monarch , leader1 = Christina , year_leader1 = 1648–1654 , leader2 = Charles I Gustav , year_leader2 = 1654–1660 , leader3 = Charles IICharles III , year_leader3 = 1660–1697•1697–1712 , leader4 = George I Louis , year_leader4 = 1715–1727 , leader5 = George II Augustus ...
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Principality Of Verden
), which is a public-law corporation established in 1865 succeeding the estates of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (established in 1397), now providing the local fire insurance in the shown area and supporting with its surplusses cultural efforts in and scientific works on the area. The ambit covers almost exactly the former Duchies of Bremen and Verden except of some of Bremen's northern quarters, incorporated in 1939, which prior belonged to the Landschaft's ambit too. , capital = Stade , common_languages = Low Saxon, German , title_leader = Monarch , leader1 = Christina , year_leader1 = 1648–1654 , leader2 = Charles I Gustav , year_leader2 = 1654–1660 , leader3 = Charles IICharles III , year_leader3 = 1660–1697•1697–1712 , leader4 = George I Louis , year_leader4 = 1715–1727 , leader5 = George II Augustus ...
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Duchy Of Bremen
), which is a public-law corporation established in 1865 succeeding the estates of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (established in 1397), now providing the local fire insurance in the shown area and supporting with its surplusses cultural efforts in and scientific works on the area. The ambit covers almost exactly the former Duchies of Bremen and Verden except of some of Bremen's northern quarters, incorporated in 1939, which prior belonged to the Landschaft's ambit too. , capital = Stade , common_languages = Low Saxon, German , title_leader = Monarch , leader1 = Christina , year_leader1 = 1648–1654 , leader2 = Charles I Gustav , year_leader2 = 1654–1660 , leader3 = Charles IICharles III , year_leader3 = 1660–1697•1697–1712 , leader4 = George I Louis , year_leader4 = 1715–1727 , leader5 = George II Augustus ...
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Zeven (Samtgemeinde)
Zeven is a ''Samtgemeinde'' ("collective municipality") in the district of Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the town Zeven. The ''Samtgemeinde'' Zeven consists of the following municipalities: # Elsdorf # Gyhum # Heeslingen # Zeven Zeven [] is a town in the Rotenburg (district), district of Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It has a population of around 14,000. The nearest large towns are Bremerhaven, Bremen (city), Bremen and Hamburg. It is situated approximately 22  ... {{Authority control Samtgemeinden in Lower Saxony ...
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John Frederick, Duke Of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp
John Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp (born 1 September 1579 in Gottorp, a part of today's Schleswig; died 3 September 1634 in , a part of today's Buxtehude) was the Lutheran Administrator of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, the Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck and the Prince-Bishopric of Verden. Life His parents were Adolf I, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp and Christine, Landgravine of Hesse-Cassel. ''John Frederick'' and Anna Dobbel from Bremervörde, the Bremian prince-archiepiscopal residence, had two children: ''Friedrich'' and ''Christine''. In 1621 Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor, legitimated them and ennobled them as ''von Holstein''. After ''John Frederick's'' brother John Adolf succeeded their brother Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp as Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, the Bremian Chapter feared ''John Adolf'' would integrate the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen into his inheritable ducal monarchy. The Chapter demanded that John Adolf would ...
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Rotenburg (district)
Rotenburg is a district (''Landkreis'') in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is landlocked by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Stade, Harburg, Heidekreis, Verden, Osterholz and Cuxhaven. History In medieval times the region was part of the bishoprics of Bremen and Verden. After the Protestant Reformation the bishoprics became secular principalities, colloquially called Bremen-Verden, and finally parts of the Kingdom of Hanover. The present district was established in 1977 by merging the former districts of Rotenburg and Bremervörde. Geography The Wümme River Wümme () is a river in northern Germany, in the states Lower Saxony and Bremen, marking the border between the two states for part of its course. It is the main headstream of the Lesum. The Wümme's length is . Including the Lesum, that runs ... runs through the district from east to west. The marshy area to both sides of the river is called the ''Wümmeniederung'' ( Wümme Depression). Coat of arms ...
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Heeslingen
Heeslingen is a municipality in the district of Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It has 4788 inhabitants. Heeslingen belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union A personal union is the combination of two or more states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct. A real union, by contrast, would involve the constituent states being to some extent interlink ... by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region. References Municipalities in Lower Saxony {{Rotenburg-geo-stub ...
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Samtgemeinde
A ''Samtgemeinde'' (; plural: ''Samtgemeinden'') is a type of administrative division in Lower Saxony, Germany. ''Samtgemeinden'' are local government associations of municipality, municipalities, equivalent to the ''Amt (administrative division), Ämter'' in Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, and Brandenburg, and the ''Verbandsgemeinden'' in Rhineland-Palatinate. Function A ''Samtgemeinde'' is a Government agency, government body composed of a collective association of ''Gemeinde (Germany), gemeinden'' (municipality, municipalities), the lowest level of official territorial division in Germany. ''Samtgemeinden'' were introduced in Lower Saxony on 4 March 1955 upon the adoption of the Lower Saxony Municipal Code (''Niedersächsische Gemeindeordnung''), which was based on United Kingdom, British administrative structures at the time. According to §71 paragraph 1 Lower Saxony law on local government, a ''Samtgemeinde'' should have at least 7,000 inhabitants. Approximat ...
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Catholic League (German)
The Catholic League ( la, Liga Catholica, german: Katholische Liga) was a coalition of Catholic states of the Holy Roman Empire formed 10 July 1609. While initially formed as a confederation to act politically to negotiate issues vis-à-vis the Protestant Union (formed 1608), modelled on the more intransigent ultra-Catholic French Catholic League (1576), it was subsequently concluded as a military alliance "for the defence of the Catholic religion and peace within the Empire". Notwithstanding the league's founding, as had the founding of the Protestant Union, it further exacerbated long standing tensions between the Protestant reformers and the adherents of the Catholic Church which thereafter began to get worse with ever more frequent episodes of civil disobedience, repression, and retaliation that would eventually ignite into the first phase of the Thirty Years' War roughly a decade later with the act of rebellion and calculated insult known as the Second Defenestration o ...
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Personal Union
A personal union is the combination of two or more states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct. A real union, by contrast, would involve the constituent states being to some extent interlinked, such as by sharing some limited governmental institutions. Unlike the personal union, in a federation and a unitary state, a central (federal) government spanning all member states exists, with the degree of self-governance distinguishing the two. The ruler in a personal union does not need to be a hereditary monarch. The term was coined by German jurist Johann Stephan Pütter, introducing it into ''Elementa iuris publici germanici'' (Elements of German Public Law) of 1760. Personal unions can arise for several reasons, such as: * inheritance through a dynastic union, e.g. Louis X of France inherited France from his father and Navarre from his mother * decolonization, ex-colonies install the monarch of the former colonizing power as ...
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