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Zapple Monitor
The Zapple Monitor was a firmware-based product developed by Roger Amidon at Technical Design Laboratories (also known as ''TDL''). TDL was based in Princeton, New Jersey, USA in the 1970s and early 1980s. Published 1977, From Volume 1 Issue 1 of ROM Magazine. The ''Zapple'' monitor was a primitive operating system which could be expanded and used as a Basic Input/Output Services () 8080 and Z80 based computers. Much of the functionality of Zapple would find its way into applications like 'Debug' in MS-DOS. Zapple commands would allow a user to examine and modify memory, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Technical Design Labs
Technical Design Labs (TDL), founded 1976 by Carl Galletti and Roger Amidon, was an early producer of personal computers. TDL was based in Princeton, New Jersey, USA in the 1970s and early 1980s.TDL Makes Four Offerings Page 55, 1977-11-21, Computerworld The company was later (1978) renamed Xitan, in honor of its primary product. In 1979, Neil Colvin formed what was then called Phoenix Software Associates after his prior employer, Xitan, went out of busine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Firmware
In computing, firmware is a specific class of computer software that provides the low-level control for a device's specific hardware. Firmware, such as the BIOS of a personal computer, may contain basic functions of a device, and may provide hardware abstraction services to higher-level software such as operating systems. For less complex devices, firmware may act as the device's complete operating system, performing all control, monitoring and data manipulation functions. Typical examples of devices containing firmware are embedded systems (running embedded software), home and personal-use appliances, computers, and computer peripherals. Firmware is held in non-volatile memory devices such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory. Updating firmware requires ROM integrated circuits to be physically replaced, or EPROM or flash memory to be reprogrammed through a special procedure. Some firmware memory devices are permanently installed and cannot be changed after manufacture. C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BIOS
In computing, BIOS (, ; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup). The BIOS firmware comes pre-installed on an IBM PC or IBM PC compatible's system board and exists in some UEFI-based systems to maintain compatibility with operating systems that do not support UEFI native operation. The name originates from the Basic Input/Output System used in the CP/M operating system in 1975. The BIOS originally proprietary to the IBM PC has been reverse engineered by some companies (such as Phoenix Technologies) looking to create compatible systems. The interface of that original system serves as a ''de facto'' standard. The BIOS in modern PCs initializes and tests the system hardware components (Power-on self-test), and loads a boot loader from a mass storage device which then i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Input/output
In computing, input/output (I/O, or informally io or IO) is the communication between an information processing system, such as a computer, and the outside world, possibly a human or another information processing system. Inputs are the signals or data received by the system and outputs are the signals or data sent from it. The term can also be used as part of an action; to "perform I/O" is to perform an input or output operation. are the pieces of hardware used by a human (or other system) to communicate with a computer. For instance, a keyboard or computer mouse is an input device for a computer, while monitors and printers are output devices. Devices for communication between computers, such as modems and network cards, typically perform both input and output operations. Any interaction with the system by a interactor is an input and the reaction the system responds is called the output. The designation of a device as either input or output depends on perspective. Mice a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
