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Zai (surname)
Zai is the Standard Chinese, Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written in Chinese character. It is romanized Tsai in Wade–Giles. Zai is listed 302nd in the Song dynasty Chinese classics, classic text ''Hundred Family Surnames''. It is not among the 300 most common surnames in China. It was also confirmed not to be among the 400 most common surnames in 2013. Notable people *Zai Kong (:zh:宰孔, 宰孔; 7th century BC), Duke of Zhou during the Spring and Autumn period *Zai Yu or Zai Wo (522–458 BC), disciple of Confucius, one of the Twelve Philosophers *Zai Yingwen (:zh:宰应文, 宰应文), Ming dynasty person famous for filial piety References {{DEFAULTSORT:Zai Chinese-language surnames Individual Chinese surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Chinese
Old Chinese, also called Archaic Chinese in older works, is the oldest attested stage of Chinese language, Chinese, and the ancestor of all modern varieties of Chinese. The earliest examples of Chinese are divinatory inscriptions on oracle bones from around 1250 BC, in the late Shang dynasty. Chinese bronze inscriptions, Bronze inscriptions became plentiful during the following Zhou dynasty. The latter part of the Zhou period saw a flowering of literature, including Four Books and Five Classics, classical works such as the ''Analects'', the ''Mencius (book), Mencius'', and the ''Zuo zhuan''. These works served as models for Literary Chinese (or Classical Chinese), which remained the written standard until the early twentieth century, thus preserving the vocabulary and grammar of late Old Chinese. Old Chinese was written with several early forms of Chinese characters, including Oracle bone script, Oracle Bone, Chinese bronze inscriptions, Bronze, and Seal scripts. Throughout ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spring And Autumn Period
The Spring and Autumn period was a period in Chinese history from approximately 770 to 476 BC (or according to some authorities until 403 BC) which corresponds roughly to the first half of the Eastern Zhou period. The period's name derives from the ''Spring and Autumn Annals'', a chronicle of the state of Lu between 722 and 479 BCE, which tradition associates with Confucius (551–479 BCE). During this period, the Zhou royal authority over the various feudal states eroded as more and more dukes and marquesses obtained ''de facto'' regional autonomy, defying the king's court in Luoyi and waging wars amongst themselves. The gradual Partition of Jin, one of the most powerful states, marked the end of the Spring and Autumn period and the beginning of the Warring States period. Background In 771 BCE, a Quanrong invasion in coalition with the states of Zeng and Shen — the latter polity being the fief of the grandfather of the disinherited crown prince Yijiu — destroyed the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filial Piety
In Confucianism, Chinese Buddhism, and Daoist ethics, filial piety (, ''xiào'') (Latin: pietas) is a virtue of respect for one's parents, elders, and ancestors. The Confucian ''Classic of Filial Piety'', thought to be written around the late Warring States-Qin-Han period, has historically been the authoritative source on the Confucian tenet of filial piety. The book—a purported dialogue between Confucius and his student Zengzi—is about how to set up a good society using the principle of filial piety. Filial piety is central to Confucian role ethics. In more general terms, filial piety means to be good to one's parents; to take care of one's parents; to engage in good conduct, not just towards parents but also outside the home so as to bring a good name to one's parents and ancestors; to show love, respect, and support; to display courtesy; to ensure male heirs; to uphold fraternity among brothers; to wisely advise one's parents, including dissuading them from moral unrighte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ming Dynasty
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han Chinese, Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the short-lived Shun dynasty), numerous rump state, rump regimes ruled by remnants of the House of Zhu, Ming imperial family—collectively called the Southern Ming—survived until 1662. The Ming dynasty's founder, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398), attempted to create a society of self-sufficient rural communities ordered in a rigid, immobile system that would guarantee and support a permanent class of soldiers for his dynasty: the empire's standing army exceeded one million troops and the naval history of China, navy's dockyards in Nanjin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zai Yingwen
Zai may refer to: * Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly Zaire, ongoing UNDP code ZAI * Zaï, an off season farming technique to collect water and nutrients from compost, to restore degraded drylands and increase soil fertility * Zai (surname) (宰), a Chinese surname * Zai (tribe), Pashtun tribes * Zai, Palghar, a village in Maharashtra, India * Zväz autorov a interprétov populárnej hudby ( Union of Authors and Performers, ZAI), a presenter of the ZAI Awards * Zaire, a former state in Africa * Zayin, a letter of many Semitic abjads * Isthmus Zapotec (ISO 639-3: zai), a Zapotecan language of Mexico Given names * Li Zai (died 1343), Chinese painter * Wang Zai, Chinese general of the Tang Dynasty * Yuan Zai (died 777), Chinese noble, Chancellor of the Tang Dynasty * Zhang Zai (1020–1077), Chinese philosopher and cosmologist * Zai Bennett, Television executive * Zai Fundo (1899–1944), Albanian journalist and writer See also * Zay (other) Zay might refer to: * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twelve Philosophers
The Twelve Philosophers or Wise Ones (Chinese: , ''Shí'èr Zhé'') are 12 eminent philosophers in the Chinese Confucian tradition. They are traditionally accounted a kind of sainthood and their spirit tablets are prominently placed in Confucian temples, six upon the east and six upon the west side of the Hall of the Great Completion (''Dacheng Dian''). Legge, James. The Confucian Analects, the Great Learning, & the Doctrine of the Mean'. 1893. Twelve Philosophers are Min Sun (Ziqian), Ran Yong (Zhonggong), Duanmu Ci (Zigong), Zhong You (Zilu), Bu Shang (Zixia), You Ruo (Ziruo), Zai Yu (Ziwo), Ran Geng (Boniu), Ran Qiu (Ziyou), Yan Yan (Ziyou), Zhuansun Shi (Zizhang) all disciples of Confucius and Zhu Xi, who established Neo-Confucianism during the Song dynasty."Confucius Temple (Kong Miao): (4Central Hall of Great Accomplishment - Da Cheng Dian. Sacrifices to the philosophers were first offered in the 6th year of the Kaiyuan era of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang dynasty, AD 720. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Disciple Of Confucius
According to Sima Qian, Confucius said: "The disciples who received my instructions, and could themselves comprehend them, were seventy-seven individuals. They were all scholars of extraordinary ability." It was traditionally believed that Confucius had three thousand students, but that only 72 mastered what he taught. The following is a list of students who have been identified as Confucius's followers. Very little is known of most of Confucius's students, but some of them are mentioned in the ''Analects of Confucius''. Many of their biographies are recorded in the Sima Qian's ''Shiji''. The Six Arts were practiced by the 72 disciples. Disciples Yan Hui (Ziyuan) Yan Hui (顏回) was a native of the Lu. His courtesy name was Ziyuan (子淵). He was Confucius's favorite student, and was younger than Confucius by 30 years. He became Confucius's disciple when he was very young. "After I got Hui," Confucius once said, "the disciples came closer to me." Confucius once traveled to Nan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zai Yu
Zai Yu (522–458 BC), also known by his courtesy name Ziwo and as Zai Wo, was a prominent disciple of Confucius, known for his gift in speech. However, Confucius severely criticized him for proposing to shorten the three-year mourning period after the death of a parent. Life Zai Yu was a native of State of Lu. He was considered as the most eloquent speaker among Confucius' disciples. However, the only references of him in the ''Analects'' were Confucius' criticism of him. In an important discussion of mourning, Zai Yu questioned the necessity for the three-year mourning period after the death of a parent, and suggested a maximum of one year of mourning. Confucius severely criticized Zai Yu, describing him as inhuman. Confucius argued that children seldom leave their parents' arms in their first three years of life and asked rhetorically, did Zai Yu not receive these three years of tender care from his parents? Confucius also criticized him for sleeping during the day, comparin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard Chinese
Standard Chinese ()—in linguistics Standard Northern Mandarin or Standard Beijing Mandarin, in common speech simply Mandarin, better qualified as Standard Mandarin, Modern Standard Mandarin or Standard Mandarin Chinese—is a modern Standard language, standardized form of Mandarin Chinese that was first developed during the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republican Era (1912‒1949). It is designated as the official language of Languages of China, mainland China and a major language in the United Nations languages, United Nations, Languages of Singapore, Singapore, and Languages of Taiwan, Taiwan. It is largely based on the Beijing dialect. Standard Chinese is a pluricentric language with local standards in mainland China, Taiwan and Singapore that mainly differ in their lexicon. Hong Kong written Chinese, used for formal written communication in Hong Kong and Macau, is a form of Standard Chinese that is read aloud with the Cantonese reading of characters. Like other Sinit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zai Kong
Zai may refer to: * Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly Zaire, ongoing UNDP code ZAI * Zaï, an off season farming technique to collect water and nutrients from compost, to restore degraded drylands and increase soil fertility * Zai (surname) (宰), a Chinese surname * Zai (tribe), Pashtun tribes * Zai, Palghar, a village in Maharashtra, India * Zväz autorov a interprétov populárnej hudby ( Union of Authors and Performers, ZAI), a presenter of the ZAI Awards * Zaire, a former state in Africa * Zayin, a letter of many Semitic abjads * Isthmus Zapotec (ISO 639-3: zai), a Zapotecan language of Mexico Given names * Li Zai (died 1343), Chinese painter * Wang Zai, Chinese general of the Tang Dynasty * Yuan Zai (died 777), Chinese noble, Chancellor of the Tang Dynasty * Zhang Zai (1020–1077), Chinese philosopher and cosmologist * Zai Bennett, Television executive * Zai Fundo (1899–1944), Albanian journalist and writer See also * Zay (other) Zay might refer to: * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
