Zafer Hanım
Zafer Hanım was the first Turkish novelist, writing one novel. Her birth and death dates are unknown. According to contemporaneous writer Mehmet Zihni, she was a member of Fuat Pasha's family. Her husband was Kabuli Pasha, who died before Zafer Hanım wrote her novel. Zafer Hanım published her novel, named ''Aşk-ı Vatan'' (Love of Motherland), in 1877. It is about two slave girls ( tr, cariye) named Gülbeyaz and Refia, who were Spaniards. According to Mehmet Zihni, the literary form of the novel was narration rather than fiction. Probably it was a narration of the true life story of two girls living in Laz Ahmet Pasha's house. Zafer Hanım's long forgotten novel was unearthed by Zehra Toska of Boğaziçi University Boğaziçi University ( tr, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi), also known as Bosphorus University, is a major research university in Istanbul, Turkey. Its main campus is located on the European side of the Bosphorus, Bosphorus strait. It has six facult ..., who publ ...
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Turkish Women
Women in Turkey are women who live in or are from Turkey. Turkey gave full political rights to women, including the right to elect and be elected locally in 1930 (nationwide in 1934). Article 10 of the Constitution of Turkey, Turkish Constitution bans any discrimination, state or private, on the grounds of sex. It is the first country to have a woman as the President of its Turkish Constitutional Court, Constitutional Court. Article 41 of the Turkish Constitution reads that the family is "based on equality between spouses". The Turkish feminist movement began in the 19th century during the decline of the Ottoman Empire when the Ottoman Welfare Organisation of Women was founded in 1908. The ideal of gender equality was embraced after the declaration of the Republic of Turkey by the administration of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, whose Atatürk's reforms, modernising reforms included a ban on polygamy and the provision of full political rights to Turkish women by 1930. Turkish women c ...
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