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Ylämaa
Ylämaa (; literally translated the "Highland") is a former municipality of Finland, located in the province of Southern Finland as part of the South Karelia region. It was consolidated with Lappeenranta on January 1, 2010.Jalokivistään tunnettu rajakunta joutui luopumaan itsenäisyydestään 11 vuotta sitten – nyt lähes kaikki palvelut ovat kadonneet – '''' (in Finnish) The municipality had a population of 1,408 (31 December 2009) and covers an area of of which is water. The |
Spectrolite
Spectrolite is an uncommon variety of labradorite feldspar. Colors Spectrolite exhibits a richer range of colors than other labradorites as for instance in Canada or Madagascar (which show mostly tones of blue-grey-green) and high labradorescence.Michael O'Donoghue, ''Gems'', Butterworth-Heinemann, 6th ed., 2006, pp. 238-267, Walter Schumann, ''Gemstones of the World,'' Sterling, 3rd ed., 2007, pp. 52 - 53, 182 Due to the unique colors mined in Finland, spectrolite has become a brand name for material mined only there. Sometimes spectrolite is incorrectly used to describe labradorite whenever a richer display of colors is present, regardless of locality: for example, labradorite with the ''spectrolite'' play of colors has sometimes described material from Madagascar. History Finland, Finnish geologist Aarne Laitakari (1890–1975) described the peculiar stone and sought its origin for years when his son Pekka discovered a deposit at Ylämaa in south-eastern Finland, while b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Former Municipalities Of Finland
This is a list of the former municipalities of Finland. Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Ä Ö __NOTOC__ A * Ahlainen (Vittisbofjärd) – became part of Pori in 1972 *Aitolahti (Aitolax) – became part of Tampere in 1966 *Akaa (Ackas) – was divided in 1946 between Toijala, Kylmäkoski, Sääksmäki and Viiala. The name was re-introduced in 2007 when the municipalities of Toijala and Viiala were consolidated. *Alahärmä – consolidated with Kauhava in 2009 *Alastaro – consolidated with Loimaa in 2009 *Alatornio (Nedertorneå) – became m par mt of Tornio in 1973 *Alaveteli (Nedervetil) – consolidated with Kronoby in 1969 *Angelniemi – became part of Halikko in 1967 *Anjala – the municipalities of Anjala and Sippola were consolidated in 1975 to form the Anjalankoski market town * Antrea (S:t Andree) – was lost to the USSR in 1944 * Anttola – became part of Mikkeli in 2001 *Artjärvi (Artsjö) – conso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Former Municipalities Of Finland
This is a list of the former municipalities of Finland. Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Ä Ö __NOTOC__ A * Ahlainen (Vittisbofjärd) – became part of Pori in 1972 *Aitolahti (Aitolax) – became part of Tampere in 1966 *Akaa (Ackas) – was divided in 1946 between Toijala, Kylmäkoski, Sääksmäki and Viiala. The name was re-introduced in 2007 when the municipalities of Toijala and Viiala were consolidated. *Alahärmä – consolidated with Kauhava in 2009 *Alastaro – consolidated with Loimaa in 2009 *Alatornio (Nedertorneå) – became m par mt of Tornio in 1973 *Alaveteli (Nedervetil) – consolidated with Kronoby in 1969 *Angelniemi – became part of Halikko in 1967 *Anjala – the municipalities of Anjala and Sippola were consolidated in 1975 to form the Anjalankoski market town * Antrea (S:t Andree) – was lost to the USSR in 1944 * Anttola – became part of Mikkeli in 2001 *Artjärvi (Artsjö) – conso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lappeenranta
Lappeenranta (; sv, Villmanstrand) is a city and municipality in the region of South Karelia, about from the Russian border and from the town of Vyborg (''Viipuri''). It is situated on the shore of the Lake Saimaa in southeastern Finland, and is one of the most significant urban centers in the whole Saimaa region, along with the towns of Imatra, Mikkeli and Savonlinna. With approximately inhabitants () Lappeenranta is the largest city in Finland, after incorporating the previous municipalities of Lappee and Lauritsala in 1967, Nuijamaa in 1989, Joutseno in 2009, and Ylämaa in 2010. Lappeenranta, the region's centre for tourism, is the second most visited city by Russian tourists in Finland after Helsinki and it competes with Helsinki for the largest share of tax-free sales in Finland. Lappeenranta is a model for renewable energies and a clean living environment. Lappeenranta was the only Finnish city among the 14 finalists in the international Earth Hour City Challenge 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Finland
Southern Finland ( fi, Etelä-Suomen lääni, sv, Södra Finlands län) was a province of Finland from 1997 to 2009. It bordered the provinces of Western Finland and Eastern Finland. It also bordered the Gulf of Finland and Russia. History On September 1, 1997 the Uusimaa Province, the Kymi Province and the southern parts of the Häme Province were joined to form the new Southern Finland Province. All the provinces of Finland were abolished on January 1, 2010. Administration The State Provincial Office was a joint regional authority of seven different ministries. It promoted national and regional objectives of the State central administration. The State Provincial Office of Southern Finland employed about 380 persons. Its service offices were located in the cities of Hämeenlinna, Helsinki, and Kouvola. The administrative seat was placed at Hämeenlinna. Regions Southern Finland was divided into six regions: *South Karelia (''Etelä-Karjala / Södra Karelen'') * Päi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finland
Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland across Estonia to the south. Finland covers an area of with a population of 5.6 million. Helsinki is the capital and largest city, forming a larger metropolitan area with the neighbouring cities of Espoo, Kauniainen, and Vantaa. The vast majority of the population are ethnic Finns. Finnish, alongside Swedish, are the official languages. Swedish is the native language of 5.2% of the population. Finland's climate varies from humid continental in the south to the boreal in the north. The land cover is primarily a boreal forest biome, with more than 180,000 recorded lakes. Finland was first inhabited around 9000 BC after the Last Glacial Period. The Stone Age introduced several differ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mineral
In geology and mineralogy, a mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid chemical compound with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form.John P. Rafferty, ed. (2011): Minerals'; p. 1. In the series ''Geology: Landforms, Minerals, and Rocks''. Rosen Publishing Group. The geological definition of mineral normally excludes compounds that occur only in living organisms. However, some minerals are often biogenic (such as calcite) or are organic compounds in the sense of chemistry (such as mellite). Moreover, living organisms often synthesize inorganic minerals (such as hydroxylapatite) that also occur in rocks. The concept of mineral is distinct from rock, which is any bulk solid geologic material that is relatively homogeneous at a large enough scale. A rock may consist of one type of mineral, or may be an aggregate of two or more different types of minerals, spacially segregated into distinct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gemstone
A gemstone (also called a fine gem, jewel, precious stone, or semiprecious stone) is a piece of mineral crystal which, in cut and polished form, is used to make jewelry or other adornments. However, certain rocks (such as lapis lazuli, opal, and obsidian) and occasionally organic materials that are not minerals (such as amber, jet, and pearl) are also used for jewelry and are therefore often considered to be gemstones as well. Most gemstones are hard, but some soft minerals are used in jewelry because of their luster or other physical properties that have aesthetic value. Rarity and notoriety are other characteristics that lend value to gemstones. Apart from jewelry, from earliest antiquity engraved gems and hardstone carvings, such as cups, were major luxury art forms. A gem expert is a gemologist, a gem maker is called a lapidarist or gemcutter; a diamond cutter is called a diamantaire. Characteristics and classification The traditional classification in the West, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish Language
Finnish ( endonym: or ) is a Uralic language of the Finnic branch, spoken by the majority of the population in Finland and by ethnic Finns outside of Finland. Finnish is one of the two official languages of Finland (the other being Swedish). In Sweden, both Finnish and Meänkieli (which has significant mutual intelligibility with Finnish) are official minority languages. The Kven language, which like Meänkieli is mutually intelligible with Finnish, is spoken in the Norwegian county Troms og Finnmark by a minority group of Finnish descent. Finnish is typologically agglutinative and uses almost exclusively suffixal affixation. Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, numerals and verbs are inflected depending on their role in the sentence. Sentences are normally formed with subject–verb–object word order, although the extensive use of inflection allows them to be ordered differently. Word order variations are often reserved for differences in information structure. Finnish orth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Population Density
Population density (in agriculture: standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopulation Density Geography.about.com. March 2, 2011. Retrieved on December 10, 2011. In simple terms, population density refers to the number of people living in an area per square kilometre, or other unit of land area. Biological population densities Population density is population divided by total land area, sometimes including seas and oceans, as appropriate. Low densities may cause an extinction vortex and further reduce fertility. This is called the Allee effect after the scientist who identified it. Examples of the causes of reduced fertility in low population densities are * Increased problems with locating sexual mates * Increased inbreeding Human densities Population density is the number of people per unit of area, usuall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regions Of Finland
Finland is divided into 19 regions ( fi, maakunta; sv, landskap)., smn, eennâmkodde, and sms, mäddkåʹdd. The regions are governed by regional councils that serve as forums of cooperation for the Municipalities of Finland, municipalities of each region. The councils are composed of delegates from the municipal councils. The main tasks of regional councils are regional planning, development of enterprises, and education. Between 2004 and 2012 the regional council of Kainuu was elected via popular elections as part of an experimental regional administration. In 2022 new Wellbeing services counties of Finland, wellbeing services counties were established as part of a health care and social services reform. The wellbeing services counties follow the regional borders, and are governed by directly elected county councils. Åland One region, Åland, has a special status and has a much higher degree of autonomy than the others, with its own Parliament of Åland, Parliament and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provinces Of Finland
Between 1634 and 2009, Finland was administered as several provinces ( fi, Suomen läänit, sv, Finlands län). Finland had always been a unitary state: the provincial authorities were part of the central government's executive branch and apart from Åland, the provinces had little autonomy. There were never any elected provincial parliaments in continental Finland. The system was initially created in 1634. Its makeup was changed drastically on 1 September 1997, when the number of the provinces was reduced from twelve to six. This effectively made them purely administrative units, as linguistic and cultural boundaries no longer followed the borders of the provinces. The provinces were eventually abolished at the end of 2009. Consequently, different ministries may subdivide their areal organization differently. Besides the former provinces, the municipalities of Finland form the fundamental subdivisions of the country. In current use are the regions of Finland, a smaller subdiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
