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Yangchuanosaurus
''Yangchuanosaurus'' is an extinct genus of metriacanthosaurid theropod dinosaur that lived in China from the Middle to Late Jurassic periods (Bathonian to Oxfordian stages), and was similar in size and appearance to its North American and European relative, ''Allosaurus''. ''Yangchuanosaurus'' hails from the Upper Shaximiao Formation and was the largest predator in a landscape that included the sauropods ''Mamenchisaurus'' and ''Omeisaurus'' and the stegosaurs ''Chialingosaurus'', ''Tuojiangosaurus'' and ''Chungkingosaurus''. This theropod was named after the area in which was discovered, Yongchuan, in China. Discovery and species Dong ''et al.'' (1978) named ''Yangchuanosaurus shangyouensis'' on the basis of CV 00215, a complete skull and skeleton which was collected from the Shangshaximiao Formation, near Yongchuan, Yongchuan District, Sichuan. It dates to the Oxfordian stage of the Late Jurassic period, about 161.2 to 157.3 million years ago. It was discovered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yangchuanosaurus Zigongensis
''Yangchuanosaurus'' is an extinct genus of metriacanthosaurid theropod dinosaur that lived in China from the Middle to Late Jurassic periods (Bathonian to Oxfordian stages), and was similar in size and appearance to its North American and European relative, ''Allosaurus''. ''Yangchuanosaurus'' hails from the Upper Shaximiao Formation and was the largest predator in a landscape that included the sauropods ''Mamenchisaurus'' and ''Omeisaurus'' and the stegosaurs ''Chialingosaurus'', ''Tuojiangosaurus'' and ''Chungkingosaurus''. This theropod was named after the area in which was discovered, Yongchuan, in China. Discovery and species Dong ''et al.'' (1978) named ''Yangchuanosaurus shangyouensis'' on the basis of CV 00215, a complete skull and skeleton which was collected from the Shangshaximiao Formation, near Yongchuan, Yongchuan District, Sichuan. It dates to the Oxfordian stage of the Late Jurassic period, about 161.2 to 157.3 million years ago. It was discovered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metriacanthosaurid
Metriacanthosauridae is an extinct family (biology), family of Allosauroidea, allosauroid theropod dinosaurs that lived from the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. When broken down into its Greek roots, it means "moderately-spined lizards". The family is split into two subgroups: Metriacanthosaurinae, which includes dinosaurs closely related to ''Metriacanthosaurus'', and another group composed of the close relatives of ''Yangchuanosaurus''. Metriacanthosaurids are considered Carnosauria, carnosaurs, belonging to the Allosauroidea superfamily. The group includes species of large range in body size. Of their physical traits, most notable are their neural spines.Bailey, Jack Bowman. "Neural Spine Elongation in Dinosaurs: Sailbacks or Buffalo-Backs?" Journal of Paleontology, vol. 71, no. 06, 1997, pp. 1124–1146., doi:10.1017/s0022336000036076. The records of the group are mostly confined to Asia, though ''Metriacanthosaurus'' is known from Europe. Metriacanthosauridae is used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shangshaximiao Formation
The Shaximiao Formation () is a Middle to Late Jurassic aged geological formation in Sichuan, China, most notable for the wealth of dinosaurs fossils that have been excavated from its strata. The Shaximiao Formation is exposed in and around the small township of Dashanpu (), situated seven kilometres north-east from Sichuan's third largest city, Zigong, in the Da'an District. Geology The Shaximiao Formation includes two distinct subunits: The upper and lower Shaximiao Formations (), although they are commonly referred to as one, simply being called the "Shaximiao Formation". The upper Shaximiao Formation is also known as the Shangshaximiao Formation, and the lower Shaximiao Formation is also known as the Xiashaximiao Formation, which are direct transliterations of the Chinese names. Both subunits primarily consist of purple-red mudstones, with variable sand inclusion. and siltstones with interbedded sandstones. Dinosaur finds The Shaximiao Formation has produced mainly s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Shaximiao Formation
The Shaximiao Formation () is a Middle to Late Jurassic aged geological formation in Sichuan, China, most notable for the wealth of dinosaurs fossils that have been excavated from its strata. The Shaximiao Formation is exposed in and around the small township of Dashanpu (), situated seven kilometres north-east from Sichuan's third largest city, Zigong, in the Da'an District. Geology The Shaximiao Formation includes two distinct subunits: The upper and lower Shaximiao Formations (), although they are commonly referred to as one, simply being called the "Shaximiao Formation". The upper Shaximiao Formation is also known as the Shangshaximiao Formation, and the lower Shaximiao Formation is also known as the Xiashaximiao Formation, which are direct transliterations of the Chinese names. Both subunits primarily consist of purple-red mudstones, with variable sand inclusion. and siltstones with interbedded sandstones. Dinosaur finds The Shaximiao Formation has produced mainly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szechuanosaurus
''Szechuanosaurus'' (" Szechuan lizard") is an extinct Chure, D.J. (2000) ''A new species of'' Allosaurus ''from the Morrison Formation of Dinosaur National Monument (UT–CO) and a revision of the theropod family Allosauridae''. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, New York genus of carnivorous theropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic. Fossils referred to the genus have been found in China, Asia in the Oxfordian-?Tithonian (Peng ''et al''., 2005). Its type species is largely based on several undiagnostic teeth from the Shangshaximiao Formation and it is possibly also known from the Kuangyuan Series and the Kalaza Formation, both also located in China. Discovery and species Three species have been assigned to this genus over the years. The type species is ''Szechuanosaurus campi'', named by Yang Zhongjian ("Chung Chien Young") in 1942 for four isolated tooth specimens: IVPP V235, two partial teeth; IVPP V236, a partial tooth; IVPP V238, several tooth fragments; a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allosaurus
''Allosaurus'' () is a genus of large carnosaurian theropod dinosaur that lived 155 to 145 million years ago during the Late Jurassic epoch (Kimmeridgian to late Tithonian). The name "''Allosaurus''" means "different lizard" alluding to its unique (at the time of its discovery) concave vertebrae. It is derived from the Greek (') ("different, other") and (') ("lizard / generic reptile"). The first fossil remains that could definitively be ascribed to this genus were described in 1877 by paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh. As one of the first well-known theropod dinosaurs, it has long attracted attention outside of paleontological circles. ''Allosaurus'' was a large bipedal predator. Its skull was light, robust and equipped with dozens of sharp, serrated teeth. It averaged in length for ''A. fragilis'', with the largest specimens estimated as being long. Relative to the large and powerful hindlimbs, its three-fingered forelimbs were small, and the body was balanced b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuojiangosaurus
''Tuojiangosaurus'' (meaning "Tuo River lizard") is a genus of herbivorous stegosaurian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Period, recovered from the Upper Shaximiao Formation of what is now Sichuan Province in China. Description ''Tuojiangosaurus'' was a large stegosaur, reaching in length and in body mass. Physically similar to the North American ''Stegosaurus'', ''Tuojiangosaurus'' is the best understood of the Chinese stegosaurs. In 1977, Dong provided a diagnosis but this largely consisted of traits shared with other stegosaurus. In 1990, Peter Malcolm Galton pointed out an autapomorphy: the spines of the vertebrae of the tail base possess spines with bony skirts running from their front to the sides. ''Tuojiangosaurus'' has the typical narrow and low head, bulky body, and low teeth of other stegosaurids. The limbs, especially the arms, are rather short.Paul, G.S., 2010, ''The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs'', Princeton University Press p. 221 There are at least twenty- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic Period, and it spans the geologic time from 163.5 ± 1.0 to 145.0 ± 0.8 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.Owen 1987. In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, ''Malm'' was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units. Subdivisions The Late Jurassic is divided into three ages, which correspond with the three (faunal) stages of Upper Jurassic rock: Paleogeography During the Late Jurassic Epoch, Pangaea broke up into two supercontinents, Laurasia to the north, and Gondwana to the south. The result of this break-up was the spawning of the Atlantic Ocean. However, at this time, the Atlantic Ocean was relatively narrow. Life forms of the epoch This epoch is well known for many famous types of dinosau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omeisaurus
''Omeisaurus'' (meaning "Omei lizard") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Period (Bathonian-Callovian stage) of what is now China. Its name comes from Mount Emei, where it was discovered in the lower Shaximiao Formation of Sichuan Province. Like most sauropods, ''Omeisaurus'' was herbivorous and large. The largest species, ''O. tianfuensis'', measured long, and weighed . Other species were much smaller, as the type species ''O. junghsiensis'' reached a size of in length and in body mass, and ''O. maoianus'' reached a size of and . Discovery and species Initial discovery and ''O. changshouensis'' The initial discovery of ''Omeisaurus'' was in 1936 when Charles Lewis Camp and Yang Zhongjian collected a partial skeleton from strata of the Shaximiao Formation in Szechuan, China.Young, C. C. (1939)On a new Sauropoda, with notes on other fragmentary reptiles from Szechuan ''Bulletin of the Geological Society of China'', ''19''(3), 279-315.Dong, Z. (1983)T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chungkingosaurus
''Chungkingosaurus'', meaning "Chongqing Lizard", is a genus of herbivorous dinosaur from the Late Jurassic The Jurassic ( ) is a Geological period, geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately Mya. The J ... Upper Shaximiao Formation in what is now China. It is a member of the Stegosauria. Description According to Dong e.a. the ''Chungkingosaurus jiangbeiensis'' holotype was one of the smallest stegosaurs with a length of less than four metres, even though it was apparently an adult, judging by the ossification of the sacrum. ''Chungkingosaurus'' sp. 1 was estimated at five metres; ''Chungkingosaurus'' sp. 2 was seen as longer than five metres. Dong e.a. indicated that ''Chungkingosaurus'' strongly resembled ''Tuojiangosaurus'', found in the same formation, in many anatomical details. ''Chungkingosaurus'' was different in its sm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chialingosaurus
''Chialingosaurus'' (meaning "Chialing Lizard") is a genus of herbivorous stegosaurian dinosaur similar to ''Kentrosaurus'' from the Upper Shaximiao Formation, Late Jurassic beds in Sichuan Province in China. Its age makes it one of the oldest species of stegosaurs, living about 160 million years ago. Since it was an herbivore, scientists think that ''Chialingosaurus'' probably ate ferns and cycads, which were plentiful during the period when ''Chialingosaurus'' was alive. Discovery and species The fossils of ''Chialingosaurus'' were collected by the geologist Kuan Yaowu or Guan Yao-Wu in 1957, at Taipingstai in Quxian County, while surveying the Chialing River in southern China. The type species ''Chialingosaurus kuani'' was named and described by paleontologist Yang Zhongjian, ("C. C. Young") two years later in 1959. The generic name refers to the Chialing. The specific name honours Kuan. ''Chialingosaurus'' was the first stegosaurian described from China.C.-C. Young, 195 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathonian
In the geologic timescale the Bathonian is an age and stage of the Middle Jurassic. It lasted from approximately 168.3 Ma to around 166.1 Ma (million years ago). The Bathonian Age succeeds the Bajocian Age and precedes the Callovian Age. Stratigraphic definitions The Bathonian Stage takes its name from Bath, a spa town in England built on Jurassic limestone (the Latinized form of the town name is ''Bathonium''). The name was introduced in scientific literature by Belgian geologist d'Omalius d'Halloy in 1843. The original type locality was located near Bath. The French palaeontologist Alcide d'Orbigny was in 1852 the first to define the exact length of the stage. The base of the Bathonian is at the first appearance of ammonite species '' Parkinsonia (Gonolkites) convergens'' in the stratigraphic column. The global reference profile for the base of the Bathonian (a GSSP) was ratified as Ravin du Bès, Bas-Auran area, Alpes de Haute Provence, France in 2009. The top of the Bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
