|
Yuanmousaurus
''Yuanmousaurus'' ("Yuanmou lizard") was a sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic period of China. It is known from incomplete remains, recovered in 2000 from the Zhanghe Formation in Yuanmou County in Yunnan Province. ''Yuanmousaurus'' was a relatively large sauropod and may have reached about 17 meters (56 ft) in length. It was a basal member of the Sauropoda, but its exact systematic position is unclear. A recent study placed ''Yuanmousaurus'' within the family Mamenchisauridae. The only and type species was ''Yuanmousaurus jiangyiensis''. Description ''Yuanmousaurus'' was estimated to be approximately 17 meters (56 ft) in length. The skull is missing, while the neck is known only from a fragment of a posterior cervical vertebra. This fragment indicates elongated neck vertebrae, similar to those of mamenchisaurid sauropods, but unlike the much shorter neck vertebrae of the more basal ''Shunosaurus''. From the trunk and tail, nine dorsal, three sacral a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamenchisauridae
Mamenchisauridae is a family of sauropod dinosaurs belonging to Eusauropoda known from the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of Asia and Africa. Some members of the group reached gigantic sizes, amongst the largest of all sauropods. Classification The family Mamenchisauridae was first erected by Chinese paleontologists Yang Zhongjian ("C.C. Young") and Zhao Xijin in 1972, in a paper describing '' Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis''.Young, C.C. and Zhao, X. (1972). "''Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis sp. nov.''". ''Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology Monographs'' Series A 8: 1-30. The most complete cladogram of Mamenchisauridae is presented by Moore ''et al.'', 2020, which includes several named species. Notably, some iterations of their analysis recover ''Euhelopus'' and kin, usually considered somphospondylians, as relatives of mamenchisaurids, mirroring earlier conceptions about the family. Topology A: Implied-weights analysis, Gonzàlez Riga dataset Topology B: Ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omeisaurus
''Omeisaurus'' (meaning "Omei lizard") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Period (Bathonian-Callovian stage) of what is now China. Its name comes from Mount Emei, where it was discovered in the lower Shaximiao Formation of Sichuan Province. Like most sauropods, ''Omeisaurus'' was herbivorous and large. The largest species, ''O. tianfuensis'', measured long, and weighed . Other species were much smaller, as the type species ''O. junghsiensis'' reached a size of in length and in body mass, and ''O. maoianus'' reached a size of and . Discovery and species Initial discovery and ''O. changshouensis'' The initial discovery of ''Omeisaurus'' was in 1936 when Charles Lewis Camp and Yang Zhongjian collected a partial skeleton from strata of the Shaximiao Formation in Szechuan, China.Young, C. C. (1939)On a new Sauropoda, with notes on other fragmentary reptiles from Szechuan ''Bulletin of the Geological Society of China'', ''19''(3), 279-315.Dong, Z. (1983)T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Jurassic
The Middle Jurassic is the second epoch of the Jurassic Period. It lasted from about 174.1 to 163.5 million years ago. Fossils of land-dwelling animals, such as dinosaurs, from the Middle Jurassic are relatively rare, but geological formations containing land animal fossils include the Forest Marble Formation in England, the Kilmaluag Formation in Scotland,British Geological Survey. 2011Stratigraphic framework for the Middle Jurassic strata of Great Britain and the adjoining continental shelf: research report RR/11/06 British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham. the Daohugou Beds in China, the Itat Formation in Russia, and the Isalo III Formation of western Madagascar. Paleogeography During the Middle Jurassic Epoch, Pangaea began to separate into Laurasia and Gondwana, and the Atlantic Ocean formed. Eastern Laurasia was tectonically active as the Cimmerian plate continued to collide with Laurasia's southern coast, completely closing the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. A subduction zone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibia
The tibia (; ), also known as the shinbone or shankbone, is the larger, stronger, and anterior (frontal) of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates (the other being the fibula, behind and to the outside of the tibia); it connects the knee with the ankle. The tibia is found on the medial side of the leg next to the fibula and closer to the median plane. The tibia is connected to the fibula by the interosseous membrane of leg, forming a type of fibrous joint called a syndesmosis with very little movement. The tibia is named for the flute ''tibia''. It is the second largest bone in the human body, after the femur. The leg bones are the strongest long bones as they support the rest of the body. Structure In human anatomy, the tibia is the second largest bone next to the femur. As in other vertebrates the tibia is one of two bones in the lower leg, the other being the fibula, and is a component of the knee and ankle joints. The ossification or formation of the bone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chuanjiesaurus
''Chuanjiesaurus'' is a genus of sauropod dinosaurs from the middle Jurassic Period. They lived in what is now China. The type species, ''Chuanjiesaurus anaensis'', was first described by Fang, Pang, Lü, Zhang, Pan, Wang, Li and Cheng in 2000. Fossils of the species were found in the village of Chuanjie, Lufeng County, Yunnan Province, (in Chuanjie Formation deposits) and are named after the location where the fossils were discovered.Sekiya, T. (2011). Re-examination of ''Chuanjiesaurus anaensis'' (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Middle Jurassic Chuanjie Formation, Lufeng County, Yunnan Province, southwest China." ''Memoir of the Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum'', 10: 1－54. Holtz Holtz is the surname of: * Alexander Holtz (born 2002), Swedish ice hockey player * Andrew Holtz, American journalist * Carl Holtz (1920–2006), American oarsman and farmer * Daniel Holtz, a fictional character on the TV series ''Angel'' * Eric H ... gave a length of 25 meters (82 ft). Reference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tienshanosaurus
''Tienshanosaurus'' (meaning "Tienshan lizard") is an extinct genus of dinosaur from the Late Jurassic. It was a sauropod which lived in what is now China. Only one species is known, ''Tienshanosaurus chitaiensis'', which was named and described in 1937. Discovery and classification On 11 September 1928 Chinese geology professor Yuan Fu ("P.L. Yüan") discovered in Xinjiang the remains of about thirty adult and three juvenile sauropods, which he uncovered during the following weeks. The finds, including a fossilized egg, were sent to Beijing where they ultimately became part of the collection of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology. In 1937 paleontologist Yang Zhongjian ("C.C. Young") named the type species ''Tienshanosaurus chitaiensis''.C.-C. Young, 1937, "A new dinosaurian from Sinkiang", ''Palaeontologia Sinica'', New Series C, Whole Series No. 132 213: 1-29 The generic name, suggested by Yuan, refers to the Tian Shan, the "heavenly mountains". The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamenchisaurus
''Mamenchisaurus'' (or spelling pronunciation ) is a genus of sauropod dinosaur known for their remarkably long necks which made up nearly half the total body length. Numerous species have been assigned to the genus; however, many of these might be questionable. Fossils have been found in the Sichuan Basin and Yunnan Province in China. Several species are from the Upper Shaximiao Formation whose geologic age is uncertain. However, evidence suggests that this be no earlier than the Oxfordian stage of the Late Jurassic. ''M. sinocanadorum'' dates to the Oxfordian stage (158.7 to 161.2 mya) and ''M. anyuensis'' to the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous around 114.4 mya. Most species were medium- to large-size sauropods in length.Russell, D.A., Zheng, Z. (1993). "A large mamenchisaurid from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, People Republic of China." ''Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences'', (30): 2082-2095. Two as-yet-undescribed cervical vertebrae, which might belong to ''M. sinocanado ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euhelopus
''Euhelopus'' is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived between 145 and 133 million years ago during the Berriasian and Valanginian stages of the Early Cretaceous in what is now Shandong Province in China. It was a large quadrupedal herbivore. Unlike most other sauropods, ''Euhelopus'' had longer forelegs than hind legs. This discovery was paleontologically significant because it represented the first dinosaur scientifically investigated from China: seen in 1913, rediscovered in 1922, and excavated in 1923 and studied by T'an during the same year.T'an, H. C. (1923). New research on the Mesozoic and early Tertiary geology in Shantung. Geological Survey of China Bulletin 5:95-135 Unlike most sauropod specimens, it has a relatively complete skull. ''Euhelopus'' was a long-necked sauropod similar to ''Mamenchisaurus'', but its affinities are controversial. Most studies favor a close relationship between ''Euhelopus'' and titanosaurs, rather than mamenchisaurids. Description Size ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patagosaurus
''Patagosaurus'' (meaning "Patagonia lizard") is an extinct genus of eusauropod dinosaur from the Middle-Late Toarcian of Patagonia, Argentina. It was first found in deposits of the Cañadón Asfalto Formation, which date to around 179 to 177 million years ago. Although originally twelve specimens were assigned to the taxon, at least one of them may belong to a different genus. ''Patagosaurus'' probably lived alongside genera as ''Piatnitzkysaurus'', ''Condorraptor'' and ''Volkheimeria''. Since ''Patagosaurus'' is known from many specimens, including at least one juvenile, its anatomy and growth are fairly well understood. Both ages exhibit the typical features of a sauropod, a long neck, small head, a long tail and being quadrupedal. The juvenile exhibits features different from the adult in regions like the mandible, pectoral girdle, pelvis and hindlimb, although overall their anatomy is quite similar. The many known specimens help fill in gaps in the anatomy of the genus, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euhelopodidae
Euhelopodidae is a family of sauropod dinosaurs of disputed membership and affinities, which contains ''Euhelopus'' and its close relatives. Most proposed euhelopodids are from East Asia. Euhelopodidae was first recognized by Carl Wiman in 1929, under the name Helopodidae, as ''Euhelopus'' was originally named ''Helopus''. However, the name had already been proposed for a bird, so in 1956 Alfred Sherwood Romer proposed the name ''Euhelopus'' and Euhelopodinae as replacements; Romer classified Euhelopodinae as a subfamily of Brachiosauridae, in which he also included Camarasaurinae and Cetiosaurinae, rather than as a family of its own. In addition to ''Euhelopus'' itself, Romer included ''Chiayusaurus'', ''Omeisaurus'', and ''Tienshanosaurus'' in Euhelopodinae. The taxonomic content of Euhelopodidae is uncertain, as a result of the unstable position of ''Euhelopus'' itself. Some studies have concluded that ''Euhelopus'' is a non-neosauropod closely related to ''Mamenchisaurus'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species Description
A species description is a formal description of a newly discovered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper. Its purpose is to give a clear description of a new species of organism and explain how it differs from species that have been described previously or are related. In order for species to be validly described, they need to follow guidelines established over time. Zoological naming requires adherence to the ICZN code, plants, the ICN, viruses ICTV, and so on. The species description often contains photographs or other illustrations of type material along with a note on where they are deposited. The publication in which the species is described gives the new species a formal scientific name. Some 1.9 million species have been identified and described, out of some 8.7 million that may actually exist. Millions more have become extinct throughout the existence of life on Earth. Naming process A name of a new species becomes valid (available in zo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
