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Younis Habib
The Mehrangate, also known as the Mehran bank scandal, was a major political scandal that took place in the first administration of Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in 1990. The active-duty army officers and ISI agents engaged in conspiring against the election campaign of Benazir Bhutto by having it oversaw the campaign funding of taxpayers' money to the Islamic Democratic Alliance (IDA) under Nawaz Sharif during the nationwide elections held in 1990. From the official accounts of the Ministry of Defence (MoD), the taxpayers funding was directed and transfer to the conservative politicians to compete with the Pakistan Peoples Party, which was much organized at that time. The nature of the Sharif-Beg collusion was discovered by J. Ashraf Qazi, then- Director ISI, who wanted to move the taxpayers' funds into another account but the banks failed to meet the requests, leading the new director of opening the investigation on missing funds. With media investigation in this matter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary History Of Pakistan
The political history of Pakistan ( ur, ) is the narrative and analysis of political events, ideas, movements, and leaders of Pakistan. Pakistan gained independence from the United Kingdom on 14 August 1947, when the Presidencies and provinces of British India were divided by the United Kingdom, in a region which is commonly referred to as the Indian subcontinent. Since its independence, Pakistan has had a colorful yet turbulent political history at times, often characterized by martial law and inefficient leadership. Pre-independence era The Pakistan Movement, as it came to be known, was based on the principle of two-nation theory, and aimed to establish a separate homeland for Muslims in South Asia. This was a movement against the oppression, that Muslims felt in the face of an increasingly politicized Hindu majority. The Pakistan Movement was spearheaded by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and staunchly opposed by some of Muslim religious scholars. Parliamentary democracy After the inde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Director General Of The Inter-Services Intelligence
The director-general (DG) is head of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), Pakistan's premier intelligence agency, intelligence service, operationally responsible for providing critical national security and intelligence assessment to the government of Pakistan. Colonel Syed Shahid Hamid, Shahid Hamid had conceived the idea of ISI. He was later promoted to a two-star rank of a major general and became the first director-general of the ISI. Robert Cawthome became instrumental in expanding the ISI and has been the longest serving director-general. The current DG of ISI is Lieutenant general, Lt. General Nadeem Anjum , Nadeem Ahmed Anjum since 20 November 2021. List of directors-general Notes : 1.Later promoted to major general in-office. : 2.Later promoted to lieutenant general in-office. References {{Inter-Services Intelligence Directors General of Inter-Services Intelligence, Pakistani military appointments Directors of intelligence agencies, *Pakistan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Election Commission Of Pakistan
The Election Commission of Pakistan ( ur, ; ECP) is an independent, autonomous, permanent and constitutionally established federal body responsible for organizing and conducting elections to the national parliament, provincial legislatures, local governments, and the office of President of Pakistan, as well as the delimitation of constituencies and preparation of electoral rolls. As per the principles outlined in the Constitution of Pakistan, the Commission makes such arrangements as needed to ensure that the election is conducted honestly, justly, fairly and in accordance with law, and that corrupt practices are guarded against. The Election Commission was formed on 23 March 1956 and has been restructured and reformed several times throughout the history of Pakistan. The Chief Election Commissioner and four retired judges of the High Courts, each from one of the four provinces (Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) of the country, form the five-member panel of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corruption In Pakistan
Corruption in Pakistan is widespread, and extends to every sector from government to judiciary, police, health services and education. The problems are long-standing, and despite ongoing calls for reform, and many attempts to improve the situation, there is little evidence of progress. The former government of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf (Pakistan Justice Movement) , led by cricketer turned politician Imran Khan, vowed to uproot corruption from all sectors. However, there is little success in bringing accountability across the board. The promise to build a welfare state on the principle of Riasat-e-Madina (state of Madina) has been enshrined by recent government but there is little success on practical grounds. Brief history The Dominion of Pakistan was created as a result of the Pakistan Movement in 1947. Upon gaining independence, Pakistan inherited a strong bureaucracy and army from the British Raj. There has since been no major change in this bureaucratic set up since it was f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepotism
Nepotism is an advantage, privilege, or position that is granted to relatives and friends in an occupation or field. These fields may include but are not limited to, business, politics, academia, entertainment, sports, fitness, religion, and other activities. The term originated with the assignment of nephews to important positions by Catholic popes and bishops. Nepotism has been criticized since the ancient times by several philosophers, including Aristotle, Valluvar, and Confucius, condemning it as both evil and unwise. Origins The term comes from Italian word ''nepotismo'',"Nepotism." Dictionary.com. Retrieved 20 June 2013. which is based on Latin root ''nepos'' meaning nephew. Since the an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eighth Amendment To The Constitution Of Pakistan
The Eighth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan (Urdu: آئین پاکستان میں آٹھویں ترمیم) allowed the President to unilaterally dissolve the National Assembly and elected governments. The National Assembly of Pakistan amended the Constitution of Pakistan in 1985 and the law stayed on the books until its repeal in 1997. The bill was passed in the absence of the elected Parliament. The eighth amendment was drafted and later enforced by the technocratic-military government of General Zia-ul-Haq. The eighth amendment changed Pakistan's system of government from a parliamentary democracy to a semi-presidential system. The eighth amendment strengthened the authority of the President and also granted additional powers to dismiss the elected Prime Minister's government. These powers included the right, expressed in sub-section 2(b) inserted into Article 58, to dissolve the National Assembly (but not the Senate) if, in his or her opinion, "a situation has arisen i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghulam Ishaq Khan
Ghulam Ishaq Khan ( ur, غلام اسحاق خان; 20 January 1915 – 27 October 2006), was a Pakistani bureaucrat who served as the seventh president of Pakistan, elected in 1988 following Zia's death until his resignation in 1993. He was the founder of his namesake Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute. Raised in Bannu, Ghulam Ishaq graduated from Peshawar University and entered the Indian Civil Service, opting for Pakistan after the independence in 1947. Appointed the first chairman of the Water and Power Development Authority by President Ayub Khan in 1961, Ghulam Ishaq also served as Finance Secretary from 1966 to 1970. A year later, he was appointed Governor of the State Bank by President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, before being made Defence Secretary in 1975, assisting with Pakistan's atomic bomb programme. He was retained by President Zia-ul-Haq as Finance Minister in 1977, overseeing the country's highest GDP growth average. Elected Chairman of the Senate in 1985, Ghulam Ishaq w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Pakistan
The president of Pakistan ( ur, , translit=s̤adr-i Pākiṣṭān), officially the President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is the ceremonial head of state of Pakistan and the commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Armed Forces.Article 41(1) in Chapter 1: The President, Part III: The Federation of Pakistan in the . The office of president was created upon the proclamation of Islamic Republic on 23 March 1956. The then serving |
Intelligence Bureau (Pakistan)
The Intelligence Bureau ( ur, ) is a civilian intelligence agency in Pakistan. Established in 1947, the IB is Pakistan's oldest intelligence agency. Appointments and supervision of its operations are authorized by the Prime Minister of Pakistan. Brief history The Intelligence Bureau originally part of the British Raj's Intelligence Bureau which was established by the British Army's Major General Sir Charles MacGregor who, at that time, was Quartermaster General and head of the Intelligence Department for the British Indian Army at Shimla, in 1885. Prior to this appointment, Major General Sir MacGregor was sent to British Indian Empire by the Queen Victoria. The IB's objectives were to monitor Russian troops deployments in Afghanistan, fearing a Russian invasion of British India through the North-West during the late 19th century. In the aftermath of the independence of Pakistan by the British Crown, the IB, like the armed forces was partitioned, with a Pakistan IB created ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Midnight Jackal
Operation Midnight Jackal, or simply known as Midnight Jackal, was a first of two major political scandals that took place in the first term of Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in 1988–89 that was a plot of ISI's Internal Wing to assist the vote of no-confidence movement in the Parliament to pave the way for new elections in favor of conservative politicians. Background Following the death and state funeral of President Zia-ul-Haq, Benazir Bhutto was elected as the Prime Minister of Pakistan after successfully campaigning in the nationwide general elections held in 1988. As early as 1989, the army staff under General Aslam Beg, then– Chief of Army Staff, had been at odds on the policy matters relating the handling of the security situation in Afghanistan, immediately after Prime Minister Bhutto removed Hamid Gul from the intelligence agency over his failure to sustained Pakistan's national interests in the country. According to the ISI's insider informati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakistan Muslim League (N)
The Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) ( ur, , translit=Pākistān Muslim Līg (Nūn) PML(N) or PML-N) is a Centre-right politics, centre-right and Liberal conservatism, liberal conservative political party in Pakistan. Alongside the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) and Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), it is one of the three major political parties of the country. The party was founded by former Prime Minister of Pakistan, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif after the dissolution of Islami Jamhoori Ittehad, Islamic Democratic Alliance in 1993. The Party platform, party's platform is generally Conservatism in Pakistan, conservative, which involves supporting free market capitalism, free markets, deregulation, Tax cut, lower taxes and privatisation, private ownership. Although the party historically supported social conservatism, in recent years, the party’s political ideology and platform has become more Liberal conservatism, liberal on social and cultural issues. One of Muslim League schisms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asad Durrani
Lieutenant General Asad Ahmed Durrani ( ur, اسد أحمد درانی; born 7 February 1941) is a retired 3-star rank general in the Pakistan Army and presently a commentator, speaker and author. Durrani previously served as the Director General of the ISI and former Director General of the Pakistan Army's Military Intelligence. Early life Durrani was born in 1941 in Rawalpindi, British India into a Durrani Pashtun family. From 1957 to 1959, he attended the Government College of Lahore, now a university, where he received a Bachelor of Science degree. Military career He joined the Pakistan Army in 1959. and subsequently joined the Pakistan Military Academy In 1960, he was commissioned as Second Lieutenant in the army as a gunner officer. As a captain he participated in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965, where he commanded his company. In 1968, he was promoted to major. He also took part in the 1971 war against India. Durrani has been in key posts, including an instructors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
