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Youngiopsis
Protomicrocotylidae is a family of monogenean parasites in the order Mazocraeidea. The type-genus of the family is ''Protomicrocotyle''. The genus was created in 1922 by Thomas Harvey Johnston and Oscar Werner Tiegs for a worm previously described under the name ''Acanthodiscus mirabile'' by MacCallum in 1918.MacCallum, G. A. 1918: Notes on the genus ''Telorchis'' and other trematodes. Zoopathologica, 1, 81-97. The worm was parasitic on a crevalle jack of the New York Aquarium. Johnston & Tiegs originally proposed to create the subfamily Protomicrocotylinae, which was later raised to family level. Members of this family are elongate, flat, and long of 1 to several millimetres. The reproductive system includes many testes, located in the anterior region of the body between the ceca, and a single posterior ovary. The male copulatory organ usually has spines. The posterior attachment organ or haptor, which attaches the worm to the host, is asymmetrical and has three pairs o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chauhanocotyle
Protomicrocotylidae is a family of monogenean parasites in the order Mazocraeidea. The type-genus of the family is ''Protomicrocotyle''. The genus was created in 1922 by Thomas Harvey Johnston and Oscar Werner Tiegs for a worm previously described under the name ''Acanthodiscus mirabile'' by MacCallum in 1918.MacCallum, G. A. 1918: Notes on the genus ''Telorchis'' and other trematodes. Zoopathologica, 1, 81-97. The worm was parasite, parasitic on a Caranx hippos, crevalle jack of the New York Aquarium. Johnston & Tiegs originally proposed to create the subfamily Protomicrocotylinae, which was later raised to family level. Members of this family are elongate, flat, and long of 1 to several millimetres. The reproductive system includes many testis, testes, located in the anterior region of the body between the cecum, ceca, and a single posterior ovary. The male copulatory organ usually has spines. The posterior attachment organ or haptor, which attaches the worm to the host, is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilaterocotyloides
Protomicrocotylidae is a family of monogenean parasites in the order Mazocraeidea. The type-genus of the family is ''Protomicrocotyle''. The genus was created in 1922 by Thomas Harvey Johnston and Oscar Werner Tiegs for a worm previously described under the name ''Acanthodiscus mirabile'' by MacCallum in 1918.MacCallum, G. A. 1918: Notes on the genus ''Telorchis'' and other trematodes. Zoopathologica, 1, 81-97. The worm was parasitic on a crevalle jack of the New York Aquarium. Johnston & Tiegs originally proposed to create the subfamily Protomicrocotylinae, which was later raised to family level. Members of this family are elongate, flat, and long of 1 to several millimetres. The reproductive system includes many testes, located in the anterior region of the body between the ceca, and a single posterior ovary. The male copulatory organ usually has spines. The posterior attachment organ or haptor, which attaches the worm to the host, is asymmetrical and has three pairs of sma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilaterocotyle
Protomicrocotylidae is a family of monogenean parasites in the order Mazocraeidea. The type-genus of the family is ''Protomicrocotyle''. The genus was created in 1922 by Thomas Harvey Johnston and Oscar Werner Tiegs for a worm previously described under the name ''Acanthodiscus mirabile'' by MacCallum in 1918.MacCallum, G. A. 1918: Notes on the genus ''Telorchis'' and other trematodes. Zoopathologica, 1, 81-97. The worm was parasitic on a crevalle jack of the New York Aquarium. Johnston & Tiegs originally proposed to create the subfamily Protomicrocotylinae, which was later raised to family level. Members of this family are elongate, flat, and long of 1 to several millimetres. The reproductive system includes many testes, located in the anterior region of the body between the ceca, and a single posterior ovary. The male copulatory organ usually has spines. The posterior attachment organ or haptor, which attaches the worm to the host, is asymmetrical and has three pairs of sma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protomicrocotyle
Protomicrocotylidae is a family of monogenean parasites in the order Mazocraeidea. The type-genus of the family is '' Protomicrocotyle''. The genus was created in 1922 by Thomas Harvey Johnston and Oscar Werner Tiegs for a worm previously described under the name ''Acanthodiscus mirabile'' by MacCallum in 1918.MacCallum, G. A. 1918: Notes on the genus ''Telorchis'' and other trematodes. Zoopathologica, 1, 81-97. The worm was parasitic on a crevalle jack of the New York Aquarium. Johnston & Tiegs originally proposed to create the subfamily Protomicrocotylinae, which was later raised to family level. Members of this family are elongate, flat, and long of 1 to several millimetres. The reproductive system includes many testes, located in the anterior region of the body between the ceca, and a single posterior ovary. The male copulatory organ usually has spines. The posterior attachment organ or haptor, which attaches the worm to the host, is asymmetrical and has three pairs of sm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haptor
The haptor is the attachment organ of the monogeneans, a group of parasitic Platyhelminthes. The haptor is sometimes called opisthaptor (from ''opistho-'': behind) to emphasize that it is located in the posterior part of the body, and to differentiate it from the prohaptor (from ''pro-'': in front), a structure including glands located at the anterior part of the body. According to Yamaguti (1963), the chief adhesive organ of the monogeneans, the haptor, is posterior, more or less discoid, muscular, may be divided into alveoli or loculi, is usually provided with anchors, has nearly always marginal larval hooklets, or is in a reduced form with anchors. The haptor may consist of symmetrical or asymmetrical, sessile or pedunculate, muscular suckers or clamps with or without supporting sclerites; accessory adhesive organs may be present in form of armed plaques, lappets or appendices. The structure of the haptor is different in the two major groups constituting the Monogenea, nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphyraenidae
A barracuda, or cuda for short, is a large, predatory, ray-finned fish known for its fearsome appearance and ferocious behaviour. The barracuda is a saltwater fish of the genus ''Sphyraena'', the only genus in the family Sphyraenidae, which was named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque in 1815. It is found in tropical and subtropical oceans worldwide ranging from the eastern border of the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea, on its western border the Caribbean Sea, and in tropical areas of the Pacific Ocean. Barracudas reside near the top of the water and near coral reefs and sea grasses. Barracudas are targeted by sport-fishing enthusiasts. Etymology The common name "barracuda" is derived from Spanish, with the original word being of possibly Cariban origin. Description Barracuda are snake-like in appearance, with prominent, sharp-edged, fang-like teeth, much like piranha, all of different sizes, set in sockets of their large jaws. They have large, pointed heads with an underbit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carangidae
The Carangidae are a family of ray-finned fish which includes the jacks, pompanos, jack mackerels, runners, and scads. It is the largest of the six families included within the order Carangiformes. Some authorities classify it as the only family within that order but molecular and anatomical studies indicate that there is a close relationship between this family and the five former Perciform families which make up the Carangiformes. They are marine fishes found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Most species are fast-swimming predatory fishes that hunt in the waters above reefs and in the open sea; some dig in the sea floor for invertebrates. The largest fish in the family, the greater amberjack, ''Seriola dumerili'', grows up to 2 m in length; most fish in the family reach a maximum length of 25–100 cm. The family contains many important commercial and game fish, notably the Pacific jack mackerel, ''Trachurus symmetricus'', and the other jack mackerels in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gill
A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are kept moist. The microscopic structure of a gill presents a large surface area to the external environment. Branchia (pl. branchiae) is the zoologists' name for gills (from Ancient Greek ). With the exception of some aquatic insects, the filaments and lamellae (folds) contain blood or coelomic fluid, from which gases are exchanged through the thin walls. The blood carries oxygen to other parts of the body. Carbon dioxide passes from the blood through the thin gill tissue into the water. Gills or gill-like organs, located in different parts of the body, are found in various groups of aquatic animals, including mollusks, crustaceans, insects, fish, and amphibians. Semiterrestrial marine animals such as crabs and mudskippers have gill cham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vestigiality
Vestigiality is the retention, during the process of evolution, of genetically determined structures or attributes that have lost some or all of the ancestral function in a given species. Assessment of the vestigiality must generally rely on comparison with homologous features in related species. The emergence of vestigiality occurs by normal evolutionary processes, typically by loss of function of a feature that is no longer subject to positive selection pressures when it loses its value in a changing environment. The feature may be selected against more urgently when its function becomes definitively harmful, but if the lack of the feature provides no advantage, and its presence provides no disadvantage, the feature may not be phased out by natural selection and persist across species. Examples of vestigial structures (also called degenerate, atrophied, or rudimentary organs) are the loss of functional wings in island-dwelling birds; the human vomeronasal organ; and the hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evolution
Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. These characteristics are the expressions of genes, which are passed on from parent to offspring during reproduction. Variation tends to exist within any given population as a result of genetic mutation and recombination. Evolution occurs when evolutionary processes such as natural selection (including sexual selection) and genetic drift act on this variation, resulting in certain characteristics becoming more common or more rare within a population. The evolutionary pressures that determine whether a characteristic is common or rare within a population constantly change, resulting in a change in heritable characteristics arising over successive generations. It is this process of evolution that has given rise to biodiversity at every level of biological organisation, including the levels of species, individual organisms, and molecules. The theory of evolution by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lethacotyle
''Lethacotyle'' is a genus of polyopisthocotylean monogeneans, included in the family Protomicrocotylidae. The genus includes only two species: ''Lethacotyle fijiensis'' Manter & Price, 1953 Manter, H. W. & Price, D. F. 1953: Some Monogenetic Trematodes of marine fishes from Fiji. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 20, 105-112. , the type-species of the genus, and ''Lethacotyle vera'' Jean-Lou Justine, Justine, Rahmouni, Gey, Schoelinck, & Hoberg, 2013 . Both species are parasitic on the gills of Carangidae, jacks in the Pacific Ocean.Ramalingam, K. 1966: A rare record of ''Lethacotyle'' (Monogenea), its post-oncomiracidial larva with observation on distribution. ''Current Science'', 35, 101-10PDFRamalingam, K. 1968: A redescription of ''Lethacotyle'' (Monogenea) and its post-oncomiracidial larva. Journal of the Madras University B, 35-36, 107-114. They are known only from three localities: off Fiji, Andaman Islands, and New Caledonia. The genus ''Lethacoty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
