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Yosef Lishansky
Yosef Lishansky ( he, יוסף לישנסקי; 1890 – 16 December 1917) was a Jewish paramilitary and a spy for the British in Ottoman Palestine. Upon his arrival in Palestine, Lishansky sought to join HaShomer but, denied membership, he founded a rival organization, HaMagen. Several years later, he joined the Jewish espionage organization, Nili. Lishansky was wanted by the Ottomans for his activities and was betrayed by HaShomer when he sought refuge with them. He escaped capture several times, but was eventually caught and sentenced to death in Damascus. Early life Lishansky was born near Kiev in the Russian Empire in 1890, to Eidel and Ya'akov Toviah. After most of his family was killed in a fire, he made Aliyah with his father (the reported year of their Aliyah varies between 1891 and 1896). They settled with Yosef's brother, Israel, who was living in Metula. His father soon disappeared during a trip to Jerusalem, and Lishansky began living at his brother's home. Exc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiev Governorate
Kiev Governorate, r=Kievskaya guberniya; uk, Київська губернія, Kyivska huberniia (, ) was an administrative division of the Russian Empire from 1796 to 1919 and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1919 to 1925. It was formed as a governorate in the Right-bank Ukraine region after a division of the Kiev Viceroyalty into the Kiev and the Little Russia Governorates, with its administrative centre in Kiev. By the early 20th century, it consisted of 12 uyezds, 12 cities, 111 miasteczkos and 7344 other settlements. After the October Revolution, it became part of the administrative division of the Ukrainian SSR. In 1923 it was divided into several okrugs and on 6 June 1925 it was abolished by the Soviet administrative reforms. History The Kiev Governorate on the right bank of Dnieper was officially established by Emperor Paul I's edict of November 30, 1796. However it was not until 1800 when there was appointed the first governor and the territory was gover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metula
Metula ( he, מְטֻלָּה) is a town in the Northern District of Israel. Metula is located next to the northern border with Lebanon. In it had a population of . Metula is the northernmost town in Israel. History Bronze and Iron Age Metula is located near the sites of the biblical cities of Dan, Abel Bet Ma'akha, and Ijon. Roman and Byzantine periods A settlement existed in the area in the Roman and Byzantine periods. Ancient wine presses and a mosaic pavement have been found here.Dauphin, 1998, p. 641 A tomb excavated in 1967 contained at least four graves dating from between the late third century and the late sixth century. Ottoman period The origin of the town's name is ar, المطلة, al-Muṭallah, the lookout. In 1816, the traveller Buckingham visited "a large village, called Metully, altogether inhabited by Druses". In 1875, Victor Guérin described Methelleh or Metelleh as a village with a spring, occupied by Druzes from the Hauran who cultivated a garden to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mazkeret Batya
Mazkeret Batya ( he, מַזְכֶּרֶת בַּתְיָה) (lit. "Batya Memorial") is a local council in central Israel located southeast of Rehovot and from Tel Aviv. Mazkeret Batya spans an area of 7,440 dunams (7 km²). In it had a population of . The mayor of Mazkeret Batya is Gaby Gaon. History Mazkeret Batya was established on November 7, 1883 by 11 ultra-orthodox farmers from Russia, one of which was Yaakov Laskovsky, and 7 local Jews. It was originally called Ekron, the first agricultural settlement of the Hovevei Zion movement. The land was purchased by Baron Rothschild in an early attempt to introduce Jewish farming in Palestine. Rabbi Shmuel Mohilever was instrumental in mobilizing funding and organizing the settlers. Mohilever's remains were later reinterred in the Mazkeret Batya cemetery. In 1887 the name was changed to Mazkeret Batya, in memory of Betty Solomon de Rothschild, mother of Baron Edmond James de Rothschild. The history of the founding is describ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Be'er Tuvia
Be'er Tuvia ( he, בְּאֵר טוֹבִיָּה, ''Be'er Toviya'', "Tuvia's Well") is a moshav in the Southern District of Israel. Located near the city of Kiryat Malakhi, it falls under the jurisdiction of Be'er Tuvia Regional Council. In its population was . History In 1887, a group of First Aliyah pioneers from Bessarabia founded a moshava, which they named Qastina, after the neighboring Palestinian village of the same name. Although supported by Baron Edmond de Rothschild, the moshava did not prosper due to lack of water, distance from other Jewish centers, attacks by neighboring Arab villagers and strained relations between the settlers and the Baron's administration. In 1896, the association of Hovevei Zion in Odessa purchased the land and new settlers came. Qastina was renamed Be'er Tuvia - an adaptation of the site's Arabic name, "Bir Ta'abya". In 1910, the moshava again faced financial collapse and some members approached the Jewish National Fund with a proposal that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruhama
Ruhama ( he, רֻחָמָה) is a kibbutz in the Negev desert in southern Israel. The original settlement, established in 1911, is considered the first modern Jewish settlement in the Negev. Located around ten kilometres east of Sderot and surrounded by a nature reserve, it falls under the jurisdiction of the Sha'ar HaNegev Regional Council. In it had a population of . History Ruhama was first established in 1911, on land purchased in the same year by the "Remnant of Israel" ( he, שארית ישראל) company, set up by Russian Jews in Moscow, under the leadership of Simon Velikovsky, the father of Immanuel Velikovsky, to invest money in Jewish agricultural settlements in the Land of Israel. The name derives from the verse: "And I will have mercy upon her that had not obtained mercy" (Hosea 2:23)". "An Artesian aquifer, artesian well was dug in 1912, and a supply of water was found at a depth of fifty meters."Velikovsky, Immanuel (1946The Story of RuhamaNew York Times, 19 Sept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israel Shochat
Israel Shochat (;1886–1962) was a founder of and a key figure in Bar-Giora and Hashomer, two of the precursors of the Israel Defense Forces. Biography Russia and Germany Israel Shochat was born in 1886 in Lyskovo, in the Grodno Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Belarus, a few km west of Ruzhany). As a child, he had tutors for Hebrew and Russian. He was a founder member of Poale Zion in Grodno and set up a Jewish self-defence league in 1903 after the Kishinev pogrom. He went to Germany to study agronomy but left his studies after only three months and left for Palestine. Palestine In 1904 Israel Shochat and his brother, Eliezer Shochat, immigrated to Palestine. They worked as field hands in the fields and orchards of Petah Tikva. He moved to Rishon LeZion to work in the winery. He was greatly influenced by Michael Halperin, a Jewish visionary who wanted to create a tribe of Jewish Bedouin and a Hebrew army. While at Rishon LeZion he met Alexander Zaïd and shar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Language
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is the language of literature, official documents, and formal written m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood Feud
A feud , referred to in more extreme cases as a blood feud, vendetta, faida, clan war, gang war, or private war, is a long-running argument or fight, often between social groups of people, especially families or clans. Feuds begin because one party perceives itself to have been attacked, insulted, injured, or otherwise wronged by another. Intense feelings of resentment trigger an initial retribution, which causes the other party to feel greatly aggrieved and vengeful. The dispute is subsequently fuelled by a long-running cycle of retaliatory violence. This continual cycle of provocation and retaliation usually makes it extremely difficult to end the feud peacefully. Feuds can persist for generations and may result in extreme acts of violence. They can be interpreted as an extreme outgrowth of social relations based in family honor. Until the early modern period, feuds were considered legitimate legal instruments and were regulated to some degree. For example, Montenegrin culture ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menahemia
Menahemia ( he, מְנַחֶמְיָה) is a village in the Jordan Valley in north-eastern Israel. Located near Highway 90 between Beit She'an and Tzemah Junction 5 km south of Tzemah, it falls under the jurisdiction of Valley of Springs Regional Council. With an area of 6,000 dunams, the village had a population of in . History The village was established on 23–26 December 1901 as a moshava under the name ''Milhamia'' ( he, מלחמיה) by the five first families on land purchased by the Jewish Colonisation Association (ICA) in the Jordan Valley, and was the first Jewish settlement of its time in that region. It was renamed Menahemia in 1921 after the father of High Commissioner of Mandatory Palestine Herbert Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel. The village attracted new immigrants from Yemen during its nascent years, but because of cultural differences with the older residents, the Yemenites moved out and settled in the Shaʿaraim neighborhood of Rehovot. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ben Shemen
Ben Shemen ( he, בֶּן שֶׁמֶן, ''lit.'' very fruitful) is a moshav in central Israel. Located around four kilometres east of Lod, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Modi'in Regional Council. In it had a population of . Etymology The village's name is taken from Isaiah 5:1: Let me sing of my well-beloved, a song of my beloved touching his vineyard. My well-beloved had a vineyard in a very fruitful hill. and also reflects the JNF's planting of olive trees in this area. History The moshav was founded in 1905 on the land of the former Arab estate of Bayt ‘Arīf. It and was one of the first villages established on Jewish National Fund land. The first Jewish National Fund forest is also located in Ben Shemen. In 1910 Ben Shemen was the site of the Bezalel Artists' Colony (1910), a predecessor to the Ben Shemen youth village. According to a census conducted in 1922 by the British Mandate authorities, Ben Shemen had a population of 90 Jews. Which had increased in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rishon LeZion
Rishon LeZion ( he, רִאשׁוֹן לְצִיּוֹן , ''lit.'' First to Zion, Arabic: راشون لتسيون) is a city in Israel, located along the central Israeli coastal plain south of Tel Aviv. It is part of the Gush Dan metropolitan area. Founded in 1882 by Jewish immigrants from the Russian Empire who were part of the First Aliyah, it was the first Zionist settlement founded in the Land of Israel by the New Yishuv and the second Jewish farm settlement established in Ottoman Syria in the 19th century, after Petah Tikva. As of 2017, it was the fourth-largest city in Israel, with a population of . The city is a member of Forum 15, which is an association of fiscally autonomous cities in Israel that do not depend on national balancing or development grants. Etymology The name Rishon LeZion is derived from a verse from the Tanakh: "First to Zion are they, and I shall give herald to Jerusalem" ) (Isaiah 41:27) and literally translates as "First to Zion". History Ottoma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poria Illit
Poria Illit ( he, פּוֹרִיָּה עִלִּית, lit. "Upper Poria") is a community settlement in northern Israel. Located near the southwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Emek HaYarden Regional Council. In it had a population of . History Poria was first settled in 1912 and operated as a farm run by Jewish immigrants from the Second Aliyah. However, the original residents left after the outbreak of World War I, and the land was abandoned until 1940. That year a group of settlers (''kvutza'') affiliated with the socialist-Zionist Noar HaOved (Working Youth) movement, ''Alumot,'' settled in the area. They renovated the original basalt stone houses, naming the village Poria Alumot. In 1947 they were given a permanent site for their kibbutz at Bitania Illit, on a hill opposite Poria. The new kibbutz was named Alumot. Another kibbutz founded in its place was dissolved in 1949 and most of the residents moved to Alumot. Poria Illit was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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