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Yoru No Kai
Yoru no Kai (夜の会, “Night Society,” est. 1947/1948) was a short-lived but highly influential art research and discussion group founded in early postwar Japan by two major theorists, Kiyoteru Hanada and Tarō Okamoto. While Hanada was a literary critic steeped in Marxist theory, Okamoto was an avant-garde artist well versed in Surrealism and ethnography in the mold of Bataille’s College of Sociology. The group’s tenet centers on its staunch rejection of “old familiar art” and earnest “exploration of a new art,” as their manifesto radically called for: “We must destroy everything and create everything.” Yoru no Kai offered an early important venue to discuss possible new directions in art and culture through public debates, member meetings, and publications. Although the group members were primarily those in literature, it embraced an interdisciplinary goal, collaborating with the artists collective Seiki no Kai (Century Society) and later recasting itself as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiyoteru Hanada
was a prominent Japanese literary critic and essayist. Hanada is widely acclaimed as one of most influential advocates and theorists of the postwar avant-garde art movement. Jukki Hanada is his grandson. Biography Hanada was born in the Higashi Kōen district of Fukuoka, Japan on March 29, 1909 and grew up as an only child. The Japanese warlord Mōri Terumoto was a direct ancestor, and it had long been the standard practice in his family to include the character "teru" (輝) in male names. Hanada studied at Kyoto Imperial University from 1929 to 1931. While at university, Hanada became totally devoted to the philosophy of home-grown Japanese fascist Nakano Seigō. Hanada moved to Tokyo and became a journalist for the ''Gunji Kōgyō Shimbun'', a pro-government military-industrial economic newspaper, and received financial backing from his idol Nakano. However, during World War II, Hanada published numerous essays that were highly critical of the government and the growth of Japan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yutaka Haniya
was a noted Japanese writer and critic. Biography Haniya was born in Taiwan, then a Japanese colony, to a samurai family named Hannya after the ''Hannya Shingyo'' ( Heart Sutra). He had a sickly childhood and suffered from tuberculosis in his teens. Although originally interested in anarchism, in 1931 he joined the Japanese Communist Party, becoming its Agriculture Director the following year, whereupon he was promptly arrested and imprisoned. While in the prison's hospital, he devoted himself to studying Immanuel Kant's '' Critique of Pure Reason''. In 1933, Haniya underwent a coerced "ideological conversion" ('' tenkо̄''), after which he was allowed to leave prison and return to society. During the war years, he eked out a meager living as the editor of a small magazine on economics and a freelance translator. During the war years, Haniya began a lengthy novel called ''Departed Souls'' (死靈, ''Shirei''), which he considered his life's work. A pastiche of Fyodor Dostoye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Katsuhiro Yamaguchi
Katsuhiro Yamaguchi (山口勝弘, ''Yamaguchi Katsuhiro''; 22 April 1928—2 May 2018) was a Japanese artist and art theorist based in Tokyo and Yokohama. Through his collaborations, writings, and teaching, he promoted an interdisciplinary avant-garde in postwar Japan that served as the foundation for the emergence of Japanese media art in the early 1980s, a field in which he remained active until his death. He represented Japan at the 1968 Venice Biennale and the 1975 Bienal de São Paulo, and served as producer for the Mitsui Pavilion at Expo '70 in Osaka. Biography Katsuhiro Yamaguchi was born in Tokyo in 1928 to a lawyer's family. His father was an arts enthusiast, often taking Yamaguchi to museums. His family home in the Ōimachi district also featured an annex designed by and decorated with paintings by the modernist Japanese painter Seiji Tōgō, although it was severely damaged by bombing during the war. Art historian Toshiharu Omuka argues that the remaining photographs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hideko Fukushima
Hideko Fukushima ( 福島秀子, ''Fukushima Hideko''; 1927 – July 2, 1997), born Aiko Fukushima, was a Japanese avant-garde painter born in the Nogizaka neighborhood of Tokyo. She was known as both a founding member of the Tokyo-based postwar avant-garde artist collective Jikken Kōbō and as a talented painter infamously recruited into '' Art Informel'' circles by the critic Michel Tapié during his 1957 trip to Japan. As a member of Jikken Kōbō she not only participated in art exhibitions, but also designed visuals for slide shows and costumes and set pieces for dances, theatrical performances, and recitals. She contributed to the postwar push that challenged both the boundaries between media and the nature of artistic collaboration, culminating in the intermedia experiments of Expo '70. Fukushima was well-recognized as an avant-garde painter in the 1950s and early 1960s despite never having received formal training. With the support of such figures as Nobuya Abe and Shū ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōzō Kitadai
was a Japanese photographer A photographer (the Greek language, Greek φῶς (''phos''), meaning "light", and γραφή (''graphê''), meaning "drawing, writing", together meaning "drawing with light") is a person who makes photographs. Duties and types of photographe .... Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography, editor. . Kyoto: Tankōsha, 2000. References Japanese photographers 1921 births 2003 deaths {{Japan-photographer-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tatsuo Ikeda
was a Japanese avant-garde artist. An active figure in the Japanese postwar art scene, Ikeda’s works adopted a surrealist sensibility deeply grounded in social and political critique. Using strategies of distortion, grotesque figures, biomorphic forms, and a satirical tone, Ikeda sharply engaged with a range of contemporary issues including labor politics and class conflict, Japan-United States relations, nuclear disarmament, and legacies of militarism, especially through the proliferation and continued presence of American military bases on Japanese soil after the end of the Occupation era. A leading figure in the Reportage movement of the 1950s and early 60s, Ikeda, along with artists such as Hiroshi Nakamura, Kikuji Yamashita, and Shigeo Ishii, visited sites of protest across the country to document the realities of postwar social unrest through a expressive mode inflected with both surrealist and realist tenors. He was involved in a number of prominent but short-lived a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communism
Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered around common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange which allocates products to everyone in the society.: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." Communist society also involves the absence of private property, social classes, money, and the state. Communists often seek a voluntary state of self-governance, but disagree on the means to this end. This reflects a distinction between a more libertarian approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and a more vanguardist or communist party-driven approach through the development of a constitutional socialist st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiction
Fiction is any creative work, chiefly any narrative work, portraying individuals, events, or places that are imaginary, or in ways that are imaginary. Fictional portrayals are thus inconsistent with history, fact, or plausibility. In a traditional narrow sense, "fiction" refers to written narratives in prose often referring specifically to novels, novellas, and short stories. More broadly, however, fiction encompasses imaginary narratives expressed in any medium, including not just writings but also live theatrical performances, films, television programs, radio dramas, comics, role-playing games, and video games. Definition Typically, the fictionality of a work is publicly marketed and so the audience expects the work to deviate in some ways from the real world rather than presenting, for instance, only factually accurate portrayals or characters who are actual people. Because fiction is generally understood to not fully adhere to the real world, the themes and conte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theology
Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the supernatural, but also deals with religious epistemology, asks and seeks to answer the question of revelation. Revelation pertains to the acceptance of God, gods, or deities, as not only transcendent or above the natural world, but also willing and able to interact with the natural world and, in particular, to reveal themselves to humankind. While theology has turned into a secular field , religious adherents still consider theology to be a discipline that helps them live and understand concepts such as life and love and that helps them lead lives of obedience to the deities they follow or worship. Theologians use various forms of analysis and argument ( experiential, philosophical, ethnographic, historical, and others) to help understa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Realism
Socialist realism is a style of idealized realistic art that was developed in the Soviet Union and was the official style in that country between 1932 and 1988, as well as in other socialist countries after World War II. Socialist realism is characterized by the depiction of communist values, such as the emancipation of the proletariat. Despite its name, the figures in the style are very often highly idealized, especially in sculpture, where it often leans heavily on the conventions of classical sculpture. Although related, it should not be confused with social realism, a type of art that realistically depicts subjects of social concern, or other forms of "realism" in the visual arts. Socialist realism was made with an extremely literal and obvious meaning, usually showing an idealized USSR. Socialist realism was usually devoid of complex artistic meaning or interpretation. Socialist realism was the predominant form of approved art in the Soviet Union from its development in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manifesto
A manifesto is a published declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of the issuer, be it an individual, group, political party or government. A manifesto usually accepts a previously published opinion or public consensus or promotes a new idea with prescriptive notions for carrying out changes the author believes should be made. It often is political, social or artistic in nature, sometimes revolutionary, but may present an individual's life stance. Manifestos relating to religious belief are generally referred to as creeds or, a confession of faith. Etymology It is derived from the Italian word ''manifesto'', itself derived from the Latin ''manifestum'', meaning clear or conspicuous. Its first recorded use in English is from 1620, in Nathaniel Brent's translation of Paolo Sarpi's ''History of the Council of Trent'': "To this citation he made answer by a Manifesto" (p. 102). Similarly, "They were so farre surprised with his Manifesto, that they would never s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
