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Yazlovets Castle
Yazlovets Castle is the remnants of a ruined castle in the former privately owned town, now village, of Yazlovets, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine. History It originated in the 14th century province of Podolia in Red Ruthenia, as a fortress of the Buczacki noble family. In the 15th century, the town came under the Polish crown. In the 1500s the castle was rebuilt by Jerzy Jazłowiecki who was buried there. Between 1649 and 1658, Aleksander Koniecpolski had a new line of fortifications, the so-called "lower castle", erected around Jazłowiecki's keep. In 1684 it was involved in the Battle of Yazlovets, when king John III Sobieski used it as a prison for his Turkish and Moldovan captives. The town became part of the Ottoman Empire until the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699, when it reverted to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth for the next 73 years. After the first partition of Poland in 1772, Yazlovets became part of Galicia, soon to be the most neglected part of A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galicia (Eastern Europe)
Galicia ()"Galicia" ''Collins English Dictionary'' ( uk, Галичина, translit=Halychyna ; pl, Galicja; yi, גאַליציע) is a historical and geographic region spanning what is now southeastern Poland and western Ukraine, long part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.See also: It covers much of such historic regions as Red Ruthenia (centered on Lviv) and Lesser Poland (centered on Kraków). The name of the region derives from the medieval city of Halych, and was first mentioned in Hungarian historical chronicles in the year 1206 as ''Galiciæ''. The eastern part of the region was controlled by the medieval Kingdom of Galicia a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukrainian Nationalism
Ukrainian nationalism refers to the promotion of the unity of Ukrainians as a people and it also refers to the promotion of the identity of Ukraine as a nation state. The nation building that arose as nationalism grew following the French Revolution and it was inspired by the ideals of people ruling themselves. Ukrainian Nationalism, while emerging in the 18th century, draws upon a single national identity of culture, ethnicity, geographic location, language, politics (or the government), religion, traditions and belief in a shared singular history, that dates back to the 9th century. The origins of modern Ukrainian nationalism emerge during the 17th-century Cossack uprising against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky. History Nationalism emerged after the French Revolution while modern day Ukraine faced external pressure from the suzerainty of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Tsardom of Russia and the Ottoman Empire but the National Identit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Polish Republic
The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 1918 and 1939. The state was established on 6 November 1918, before the end of the First World War. The Second Republic ceased to exist in 1939, when Invasion of Poland, Poland was invaded by Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union and the Slovak Republic (1939–1945), Slovak Republic, marking the beginning of the European theatre of World War II, European theatre of the Second World War. In 1938, the Second Republic was the sixth largest country in Europe. According to the Polish census of 1921, 1921 census, the number of inhabitants was 27.2 million. By 1939, just before the outbreak of World War II, this had grown to an estimated 35.1 million. Almost a third of the population came from minority groups: 13.9% Ruthenians; 10% Ashkenazi Jews; 3.1% Belarusians; 2.3% Germans and 3.4% Czechs and Lithuanians. At the same time, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukrainian People's Republic
The Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR), or Ukrainian National Republic (UNR), was a country in Eastern Europe that existed between 1917 and 1920. It was declared following the February Revolution in Russia by the First Universal. In March 1917, the National Congress in Kyiv elected the Central Council composed of socialist parties on the same principles as throughout the rest of the Russian Republic. The republic's autonomy was recognized by the Russian Provisional Government. Following the October Revolution, it proclaimed its independence from the Russian Republic on 22 January 1918 by the Fourth Universal. During its short existence, the republic went through several political transformations – from the socialist-leaning republic headed by the Central Council of Ukraine with its general secretariat to the socialist republic led by the Directorate and by Symon Petliura. Between April and December 1918, the socialist authority of the Ukrainian People's Republic was sus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Invasion Of Poland
The invasion of Poland (1 September – 6 October 1939) was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union which marked the beginning of World War II. The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week after the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between Germany and the Soviet Union, and one day after the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union had approved the pact. The Soviets invaded Poland on 17 September. The campaign ended on 6 October with Germany and the Soviet Union dividing and annexing the whole of Poland under the terms of the German–Soviet Frontier Treaty. The invasion is also known in Poland as the September campaign ( pl, kampania wrześniowa) or 1939 defensive war ( pl, wojna obronna 1939 roku, links=no) and known in Germany as the Poland campaign (german: Überfall auf Polen, Polenfeldzug). German forces invaded Poland from the north, south, and west the morning after the Gleiwitz incident. Slovak military forces ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jazłowiec College
Jazłowiec (uk: Язловець, romanized: Yazlovets) was a Polish language Catholic lyceum founded in 1863 by the Congregation of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary ("Niepokalanki" in Polish), expressly for the education of girls and young women. It took its name from its location at the time, Jazłowiec, on the Olchowiec (uk: Vilchivchik) river, a tributary of the Strypa, 16 km south of Buchach, Tarnopol Voivodeship, Galicia, now in Ukraine. During its 80-year existence it acquired great prestige for an institution of its kind and led to the order's educational expansion across land which is now Poland, Belarus and Ukraine. History In 1862, Krzysztof Błażowski, latest of the Jazłowiec estate owners, decided to donate his classical Poniatowski palace to a charitable cause. In 1863 he placed it and the estate in the hands of the Polish noblewoman, widow and mystic, Marcelina Darowska, for the establishment of a convent for her new rel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congregation Of The Sisters Of The Immaculate Conception Of The Blessed Virgin Mary
Congregation of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary (in Polish ''Zgromadzenie Sióstr Niepokalanego Poczęcia Najświętszej Marii Panny'') are a female religious congregation di diritto pontificio: the members of this congregation add the initials CSIC to their name''Ann. Pont. 2007'', p. 1616. History The congregation was founded in Rome on November 25, 1857, by Józefa Karska with the collaboration of Marcelina Darowska (1827–1911). The widow Darowska was yet to make her solemn vows. Referred by Aleksander Jełowicki to Hieronim Kajsiewicz, co-founder of the Resurrectionist Congregation, the latter drafted the first rule for the sisters, inspired by that of the Resurrectionist Congregation. Further to the untimely death of the sickly first Mother General, Karska, in 1860, on January 17, 1863, Pope Pius IX granted her successor, Darowska, the right to move the headquarters of the congregation to Jazłowiec, in the Western Austrian-occupied pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanisław Poniatowski (1676–1762)
Stanisław Poniatowski (15 September 1676 29 August 1762) was a Polish military commander, diplomat, and noble. Throughout his career, Poniatowski served in various military offices, and was a general in both the Swedish and Polish–Lithuanian militaries. He also held numerous civil positions, including those of ''podstoli'' of Lithuania and Grand Treasurer of the Lithuanian army in 1722, voivode of the Masovian Voivodeship in 1731, regimentarz of the Crown Army in 1728, and castellan of Kraków in 1752. Throughout his lifetime, he served in many ''starost'' positions. Poniatowski was involved in Commonwealth politics, and was a prominent member of the Familia, a faction led by the Czartoryski family. On a number of occasions he was in service of Stanisław I Leszczyński, the principal rival of Augustus II for the throne of Poland. Having served under Leszczyński as a military officer and envoy during the Great Northern War, Poniatowski later embraced the Russian-supported ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teodor Lubomirski
Prince Teodor Lubomirski (1683–1745) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic). He was the oldest son of Stanisław Herakliusz Lubomirski and his first wife Elżbieta Denhoff. He was owner of Lańcut, Ujazdów and Połonne. Voivode of Kraków Voivodeship and starost of Spisz. As Sejm Marshal he led the extraordinary Sejms on 22–27 August 1729 and 2–14 October 1730 in Grodno. He died on 6 February 1745 in Ujazdów and was buried in Czerniaków. He married Elżbieta Culler-Cuming and had two children, Kasper Lubomirski and Anna (d. 1771). Footnotes Secular senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Field marshals of Austria 1683 births 1745 deaths Teodor Teodor is a masculine given name. In English, it is a cognate of Theodore. Notable people with the name include: *Teodor Muzaka III, Albanian nobleman who was born in 1393. * Teodor Andrault de Langeron (19th century), President of Warsaw * Teodor ... Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria {{Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
