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Yax Ehb Xook
Yax Ehb Xook,The ruler's name, when transcribed is YAX-E:B -XO:K?, translated "First Step Shark?", Martin & Grube 2008, p.26. also known as Yax Moch Xok and Yax Chakte'I Xok, (fl. c. 90) was dynastic founder and '' ajaw'' of the Maya city-state of Tikal. He ruled c. 90 AD. Previous estimates had placed the founder at AD 170-235 or AD 219–238. But these ranges had been derived by placing the death of the ninth ruler Chak Tok Ich'aak I Chak or CHAK may refer to: Places * Chak (village), synonym of term village established by the British Raj in British India under the irrigation area of newly built canals * Chak village a village in India * Chak Bahmanian, a village in India ... who died in AD 378. In fact, Chak Tok Ich'aak I, was Tikal's fourteenth ruler and not its ninth. This earlier foundation date only reinforces Tikal's pivotal role in the genesis of Classic civilization in the Maya Lowlands, synchronizing it with developments in the Highlands and Pacific Coast that h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ajaw
Ajaw or Ahau ('Lord') is a pre-Columbian Maya political title attested from epigraphic inscriptions. It is also the name of the 20th day of the ''tzolkʼin'', the Maya divinatory calendar, on which a ruler's ''kʼatun''-ending rituals would fall. Background The word is known from several Mayan languages both those in pre-Columbian use (such as in Classic Maya), as well as in their contemporary descendant languages (in which there may be observed some slight variations). "Ajaw" is the modernised orthography in the standard revision of Mayan orthography, put forward in 1994 by the Guatemalan ''Academia de Lenguas Mayas'', and now widely adopted by Mayanist scholars. Before this standardisation, it was more commonly written as "Ahau", following the orthography of 16th-century Yucatec Maya in Spanish transcriptions (now ''Yukatek'' in the modernised style). In the Maya hieroglyphics writing system, the representation of the word ''ajaw'' could be as either a logogram, or spelle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tikal
Tikal () (''Tik’al'' in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, found in a rainforest in Guatemala. It is one of the largest archeological sites and urban centers of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization. It is located in the archeological region of the Petén Basin in what is now northern Guatemala. Situated in the department of El Petén, the site is part of Guatemala's Tikal National Park and in 1979 it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Tikal was the capital of a conquest state that became one of the most powerful kingdoms of the ancient Maya. Though monumental architecture at the site dates back as far as the 4th century BC, Tikal reached its apogee during the Classic Period, c. 200 to 900. During this time, the city dominated much of the Maya region politically, economically, and militarily, while interacting with areas throughout Mesoamerica such as the great metropolis of Teotihuacan in the dista ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foliated Jaguar
Foliated Jaguar,The ruler's name, when transcribed is ?-BAHLAM, translated "?-Jaguar", Martin & Grube 2008, p.26. also known as Scroll Ahau Jaguar, (fl. 2nd/3rd century) was ''ajaw'' of the Maya city-state of Tikal Tikal () (''Tik’al'' in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, found in a rainforest in Guatemala. It is one of the largest archeological sites and urban centers of the pre-C ....Martin & Grube 2008, p.27. Notes Footnotes References * Rulers of Tikal 2nd century in the Maya civilization 3rd century in the Maya civilization 2nd-century monarchs 3rd-century monarchs in North America {{Mesoamerica-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maya Religion
The traditional Maya or Mayan religion of the extant Maya peoples of Guatemala, Belize, western Honduras, and the Tabasco, Chiapas, Quintana Roo, Campeche and Yucatán states of Mexico is part of the wider frame of Mesoamerican religion. As is the case with many other contemporary Mesoamerican religions, it results from centuries of symbiosis with Roman Catholicism. When its pre-Hispanic antecedents are taken into account, however, traditional Maya religion has already existed for more than two and a half millennia as a recognizably distinct phenomenon. Before the advent of Christianity, it was spread over many indigenous kingdoms, all with their own local traditions. Today, it coexists and interacts with pan-Mayan syncretism, the 're-invention of tradition' by the Pan-Maya movement, and Christianity in its various denominations. Sources of traditional Mayan religion The most important source on traditional Maya religion is the Mayas themselves: the incumbents of positions w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ajaw
Ajaw or Ahau ('Lord') is a pre-Columbian Maya political title attested from epigraphic inscriptions. It is also the name of the 20th day of the ''tzolkʼin'', the Maya divinatory calendar, on which a ruler's ''kʼatun''-ending rituals would fall. Background The word is known from several Mayan languages both those in pre-Columbian use (such as in Classic Maya), as well as in their contemporary descendant languages (in which there may be observed some slight variations). "Ajaw" is the modernised orthography in the standard revision of Mayan orthography, put forward in 1994 by the Guatemalan ''Academia de Lenguas Mayas'', and now widely adopted by Mayanist scholars. Before this standardisation, it was more commonly written as "Ahau", following the orthography of 16th-century Yucatec Maya in Spanish transcriptions (now ''Yukatek'' in the modernised style). In the Maya hieroglyphics writing system, the representation of the word ''ajaw'' could be as either a logogram, or spelle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maya Civilization
The Maya civilization () of the Mesoamerican people is known by its ancient temples and glyphs. Its Maya script is the most sophisticated and highly developed writing system in the pre-Columbian Americas. It is also noted for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system. The Maya civilization developed in the Maya Region, an area that today comprises southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador. It includes the northern lowlands of the Yucatán Peninsula and the highlands of the Sierra Madre, the Mexican state of Chiapas, southern Guatemala, El Salvador, and the southern lowlands of the Pacific littoral plain. Today, their descendants, known collectively as the Maya, number well over 6 million individuals, speak more than twenty-eight surviving Mayan languages, and reside in nearly the same area as their ancestors. The Archaic period, before 2000 BC, saw the first developments in agricul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chak Tok Ich'aak I
Chak or CHAK may refer to: Places * Chak (village), synonym of term village established by the British Raj in British India under the irrigation area of newly built canals * Chak village a village in India * Chak Bahmanian, a village in India * Chak Bilgan, a village in India * Chak Des Raj, a village in India * Chak Guru, a village in India * Chak, Iran (other), places in Iran * Chak Jhumra, a village in Pakistan *Chak Beli Khan, town in Pakistan * Chak Mai Dass, a village in India * Chak, Punjab, a village in Pakistan * Chak, Sindh, a town in Shikarpur District, Sindh, Pakistan * Chaki Wardak District, in Wardak Province, Afghanistan Entertainment and media * CHAK (AM), a radio station (860 AM) licensed to Inuvik, Northwest Territories, Canada * CHAK-TV, a television station (channel 6) licensed to Inuvik, Northwest Territories, Canada Other * Chak dynasty of Kashmir. * Chak people of Bangladesh * Zhai (Chak in Cantonese), a Chinese surname See also * C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Preclassic Maya
The Preclassic period in Maya history stretches from the beginning of permanent village life c. 1000 BC until the advent of the Classic Period c. 250 AD, and is subdivided into Early (prior to 1000 BC), Middle (1000–400 BC), and Late (400 BC – 250 AD). Major archaeological sites of this period include Nakbe, Uaxactun, Seibal, San Bartolo, Cival, and El Mirador. Maya society underwent a series of profound transformations between c. 100 AD and 250 AD, which resulted in the cessation of monumental building at many Preclassic cities and the inferred collapse of their political and economic systems, often characterized as the "Preclassic Collapse." History Early Preclassic (2000 BC–1000 BC) The roots of Maya civilization remain obscure, although broad parameters are increasingly well known. Paleo-environmental data indicate the presence of agriculturalists in the Maya lowlands by c. 3000 BC, although permanent agricultural settlements seem to have developed only gradually. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaminaljuyu
Kaminaljuyu (pronounced ) is a Pre-Columbian site of the Maya civilization that was primarily occupied from 1500 BC to AD 1200. Kaminaljuyu has been described as one of the greatest of all archaeological sites in the New World by Michael Coe, although its remains today – a few mounds only – are far less impressive than other Maya sites more frequented by tourists. When first mapped scientifically (by E. M. Shook over a period of decades from the 1930s on), it comprised some 200 platforms and pyramidal mounds, at least half of which were created before the end of the Preclassic period (250 AD). Debate continues about the size, scale, and degree by which, as an economic and political entity, it integrated both the immediate Valley of Guatemala and the Southern Maya area. The known parts of Kaminaljuyu lie on a broad plain beneath roughly the western third of modern Guatemala City. The Valley of Guatemala is surrounded by hills that culminate in a string of lofty volcanoes t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thames & Hudson
Thames & Hudson (sometimes T&H for brevity) is a publisher of illustrated books in all visually creative categories: art, architecture, design, photography, fashion, film, and the performing arts. It also publishes books on archaeology, history, and popular culture. Headquartered in London, it has a sister company in New York City, and subsidiaries in Melbourne, Singapore, and Hong Kong. In Paris it has a sister company, Éditions Thames & Hudson, and a subsidiary called Interart which distributes English-language books. The Thames & Hudson group currently employs approximately 150 staff in London and approximately 65 more around the world. The publishing company was founded in 1949 by Walter and Eva Neurath, who aimed to make the world of art and the research of top scholars available to a wider public. The company's name reflects its international presence, particularly in London and New York. It remains an independent, family-owned company, and is one of the largest publish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanford University Press
Stanford University Press (SUP) is the publishing house of Stanford University. It is one of the oldest academic presses in the United States and the first university press to be established on the West Coast. It was among the presses officially admitted to the Association of American University Presses (now the Association of University Presses) at the organization's founding, in 1937, and is one of twenty-two current member presses from that original group. The press publishes 130 books per year across the humanities, social sciences, and business, and has more than 3,500 titles in print. History David Starr Jordan, the first president of Stanford University, posited four propositions to Leland and Jane Stanford when accepting the post, the last of which stipulated, “That provision be made for the publication of the results of any important research on the part of professors, or advanced students. Such papers may be issued from time to time as ‘Memoirs of the Leland Stanf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rulers Of Tikal
The known rulers of Tikal, a major centre of the Pre-Columbian Maya civilization in modern-day Guatemala: Late Preclassic * Yax Ehb' Xok – c. AD 60 (90?; see article), dynastic founder * Siyaj Chan K'awil Chak Ich'aak ("Stormy Sky I") – c. 2nd century * Yax Ch’aktel Xok – c. 200 Early Classic * Balam Ajaw ("Decorated Jaguar") – AD 292 * K'inich Ehb' – c. AD 300 * Siyaj Chan K'awiil I - c. AD 307 * Unen Bahlam ("Queen Jaguar") – AD 317 * "Leyden Plate Ruler" – AD 320 * K'inich Muwaan Jol – died AD 359 * Chak Tok Ich'aak I ("Jaguar Paw I") – c.a. 360-378. He died on the same day that Siyah K'ak' arrived in Tikal. * Yax Nuun Ayiin I – AD 379-404, the son of a foreign noble. * Siyaj Chan K'awiil II ("Stormy Sky II") – AD 411-456. Son of Yax Nuun Ayiin I. * K'an Chitam ("Kan Boar") – AD 458-486. * Ma'Kin-na Chan – ca. late 5th century. * Chak Tok Ich'aak II ("Jaguar Paw Skull") – AD 486-508. Married to "Lady Hand". * Ix Kalo'mte' Ix Yo K'in ("L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
