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Yax Ahau Xoc
Yax Ahau Xoc (8th-century) was a Mayan Queen of Tikal and the wife of Yik'in Chan K'awiil. Her personal name is unknown; in official writings, her son Yax Pasaj Chan Yopat identified her by the name and title ''Yax Ahau Xoc'' ("A Noble Young Reader" or "The Young Lord's Counter"). She was also historically known as ''Chac Nik Ye'' ("Lady of Palenque"), from the family of Pacal the Great. Yax Ahau Xoc was a princess of Lakamha, and the daughter of Lord K'inich Hanaab Pacal II. Her only known sibling was her brother, K'uk Balaam ("Quetzal Jaguar"), who was Lord of Lakamha after his father. The name and origin of her mother is unknown. In her early teens, she married Lord Yik'in Chan K'awlil and bore him a son, Yax Pasaj Chan Yopat. Her husband died in 762 AD after thirteen years of marriage and her young son was crowned Lord of Tikal. By the end of his reign, tension between the upper and lower classes as well as inbreeding among the small number of noble families led to the loss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ajaw
Ajaw or Ahau ('Lord') is a pre-Columbian Maya political title attested from epigraphic inscriptions. It is also the name of the 20th day of the ''tzolkʼin'', the Maya divinatory calendar, on which a ruler's ''kʼatun''-ending rituals would fall. Background The word is known from several Mayan languages both those in pre-Columbian use (such as in Classic Maya), as well as in their contemporary descendant languages (in which there may be observed some slight variations). "Ajaw" is the modernised orthography in the standard revision of Mayan orthography, put forward in 1994 by the Guatemalan ''Academia de Lenguas Mayas'', and now widely adopted by Mayanist scholars. Before this standardisation, it was more commonly written as "Ahau", following the orthography of 16th-century Yucatec Maya in Spanish transcriptions (now ''Yukatek'' in the modernised style). In the Maya hieroglyphics writing system, the representation of the word ''ajaw'' could be as either a logogram, or spelle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tikal
Tikal () (''Tik’al'' in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, found in a rainforest in Guatemala. It is one of the largest archeological sites and urban centers of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization. It is located in the archeological region of the Petén Basin in what is now northern Guatemala. Situated in the department of El Petén, the site is part of Guatemala's Tikal National Park and in 1979 it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Tikal was the capital of a conquest state that became one of the most powerful kingdoms of the ancient Maya. Though monumental architecture at the site dates back as far as the 4th century BC, Tikal reached its apogee during the Classic Period, c. 200 to 900. During this time, the city dominated much of the Maya region politically, economically, and militarily, while interacting with areas throughout Mesoamerica such as the great metropolis of Teotihuacan in the dista ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yikʼin Chan Kʼawiil
Yikʼin Chan KʼawiilThe ruler's name, when transcribed is ?-(ya)-CHAN-KʼAWI꞉L-la, translated "Kʼawiil that Darkens the Sky", Martin & Grube 2008, p.48. also known as Ruler B, Yaxkin Caan Chac and Sun Sky Rain, (before 734-c.746/766?), was an '' ajaw'' of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on December 8, 734.These are the dates indicated on the Maya inscriptions in Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, Accession: 9.15.3.6.8 3 Lamat 6 Pax, Martin & Grube 2008, p.48.Martin & Grube 2008, p.48. Biography Identified by Mayanist epigraphers as the 27th ruler in Tikal's dynastic succession, Yikʼin Chan Kʼawiil was one of Tikal's most successful and expansionary rulers, consolidating the political gains won by his father, Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil I. During his reign prolific building works were undertaken at Tikal, with a number of the site's significant still-standing structures commissioned or extended under his direction. Before advances in the decipherment of the Maya script reve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
28th Ruler
28th Ruler was an ''ajaw'' of the Maya city of Tikal Tikal () (''Tik’al'' in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, found in a rainforest in Guatemala. It is one of the largest archeological sites and urban centers of the pre-C .... He ruled c.766-768. Little is known about this ruler. He was a son of 27th ruler of Tikal Yik'in Chan K'awiil and elder brother of his successor 29th ruler Yax Nuun Ahiin II.Martin & Grube 2008, p.50. Footnotes References * Rulers of Tikal 8th century in the Maya civilization 8th-century monarchs in North America Year of birth unknown Year of death unknown 8th century in Guatemala {{Mesoamerica-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yax Nuun Ahiin II
Yax Nuun Ahiin IIThe ruler's name, when transcribed is YAX-?-AYI:N, translated "First ? Calman", Martin & Grube 2008, p.51. also known as Ruler C and Chitam, (before 768-c.794), was an ''ajaw'' of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on December 25, 768 and reigning probably until his death.These are the dates indicated on the Maya inscriptions in Mesoamerican Long Count calendar The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar is a non-repeating, vigesimal (base 20) and octodecimal (base 18) calendar used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures, most notably the Maya. For this reason, it is often known as the May ..., Accession: 9.16.17.16.4 11 K'an 12 K'ayab, Martin & Grube 2008, p.51. He was son of Yik'in Chan K'awiil and brother of 28th Ruler. The monuments associated with Yax Nuun Ahiin II are: Stelae 19, 21 and Altars 6 and 10.Sharer & Traxler 2006, p.313. Notes Footnotes References * * Rulers of Tikal 794 deaths 8th century in the Maya civi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kʼinich Ahkal Moʼ Nahb III
Kʼinich Ahkal Moʼ Nahb IIIThe ruler's name, when transcribed is KʼINICH-AHK-AL MOʼ AHB'', translated "Radiant Turtle Macaw Lake?". also known as Chaacal III and Akul Anab III, (13 September 678–c.736), was an '' ajaw'' of the Maya city of Palenque. He took the throne on 30 December 721, reigning until c.736.These are the dates indicated on the Maya inscriptions in Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, Born: 9.12.6.5.8 3 Lamat 6 Sak and Acceded: 9.14.10.4.2 9 Ikʼ 5 Kayab. Biography Ahkal Moʼ Nahb was born to nobleman Tiwol Chan Mat and Lady Kinuw, his probably brother was Kʼinich Janaab Pakal II. He was married to Lady Men Nik and was succeeded by his son ajaw Kʼinich Kʼukʼ Bahlam II. Ahkal Moʼ Nahb III was born in 678, during the reign of his grandfather, Palenque's long-lived ruler Kʼinich Janaab Pakal I, often referred to as "Pakal the Great", because this ruler righted a kingdom that had been destabilized by enemy attacks and oversaw a building program that culm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palenque
Palenque (; Yucatec Maya language, Yucatec Maya: ), also anciently known in the Itza Language as Lakamhaʼ ("Big Water or Big Waters"), was a Maya city City-state, state in southern Mexico that perished in the 8th century. The Palenque ruins date from ca. 226 BC to ca. 799 AD. After its decline, it was overgrown by the Selva Lacandona, jungle of cedar, mahogany, and sapodilla trees, but has since been excavated and restored. It is located near the Usumacinta River in the Mexican state of Chiapas, about 130 km (81 mi) south of Ciudad del Carmen, above sea level. It averages a humid 26°C (79°F) with roughly of rain a year. Palenque is a medium-sized site, smaller than Tikal, Chichen Itza, or Copán, but it contains some of the finest architecture, sculpture, roof comb and bas-relief carvings that the Maya civilization, Mayas produced. Much of the history of Palenque has been reconstructed from reading the hieroglyphic inscriptions on the many monuments; historians now have a l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maya Religion
The traditional Maya or Mayan religion of the extant Maya peoples of Guatemala, Belize, western Honduras, and the Tabasco, Chiapas, Quintana Roo, Campeche and Yucatán states of Mexico is part of the wider frame of Mesoamerican religion. As is the case with many other contemporary Mesoamerican religions, it results from centuries of symbiosis with Roman Catholicism. When its pre-Hispanic antecedents are taken into account, however, traditional Maya religion has already existed for more than two and a half millennia as a recognizably distinct phenomenon. Before the advent of Christianity, it was spread over many indigenous kingdoms, all with their own local traditions. Today, it coexists and interacts with pan-Mayan syncretism, the 're-invention of tradition' by the Pan-Maya movement, and Christianity in its various denominations. Sources of traditional Mayan religion The most important source on traditional Maya religion is the Mayas themselves: the incumbents of positions w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maya Civilization
The Maya civilization () of the Mesoamerican people is known by its ancient temples and glyphs. Its Maya script is the most sophisticated and highly developed writing system in the pre-Columbian Americas. It is also noted for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system. The Maya civilization developed in the Maya Region, an area that today comprises southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador. It includes the northern lowlands of the Yucatán Peninsula and the highlands of the Sierra Madre, the Mexican state of Chiapas, southern Guatemala, El Salvador, and the southern lowlands of the Pacific littoral plain. Today, their descendants, known collectively as the Maya, number well over 6 million individuals, speak more than twenty-eight surviving Mayan languages, and reside in nearly the same area as their ancestors. The Archaic period, before 2000 BC, saw the first developments in agricul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diary
A diary is a written or audiovisual record with discrete entries arranged by date reporting on what has happened over the course of a day or other period. Diaries have traditionally been handwritten but are now also often digital. A personal diary may include a person's experiences, thoughts, and/or feelings, excluding comments on current events outside the writer's direct experience. Someone who keeps a diary is known as a diarist. Diaries undertaken for institutional purposes play a role in many aspects of human civilization, including government records (e.g. ''Hansard''), business ledgers, and military records. In British English, the word may also denote a preprinted journal format. Today the term is generally employed for personal diaries, normally intended to remain private or to have a limited circulation amongst friends or relatives. The word "journal" may be sometimes used for "diary," but generally a diary has (or intends to have) daily entries (from the Latin wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flower Of Bacal
A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs. Flowers may facilitate outcrossing (fusion of sperm and eggs from different individuals in a population) resulting from cross-pollination or allow selfing (fusion of sperm and egg from the same flower) when self-pollination occurs. There are two types of pollination: self-pollination and cross-pollination. Self-pollination occurs when the pollen from the anther is deposited on the stigma of the same flower, or another flower on the same plant. Cross-pollination is when pollen is transferred from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower on a different individual of the same species. Self-pollination happens in flowers where the stamen and carpel mature at the same time, and are positioned s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
