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Yakov Modestovich Gakkel
Yakov Modestovich Gakkel (; 30 April 1874 – 12 December 1945) was a Soviet and Russian scientist and engineer who made significant contributions to the development of aircraft and locomotives in the former Soviet Union. Biography His father was a military engineer and he attended the Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, Petersburg Electrotechnical Institute. In 1896, he was arrested for revolutionary activities and imprisoned for several months. After being released, he was allowed to graduate, then exiled to Siberia. He was sent to work at The Lena Gold-Mining Partnership (Lenzoloto), The Lena Goldfields (later the site of the infamous Lena massacre), near Bodaybo."Ya.M.Gakkel. The designer of the first Soviet diesel locomotives" @ Innovation Digest. While there, he participated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yakov Gakkel
Yakov Yakovlevich Gakkel (russian: Яков Яковлевич Гаккель; July 18, 1901, Saint Petersburg – December 30, 1965, Leningrad) was a Soviet and Russian oceanographer, doctor of geographical sciences (1950), professor, director of the geography department of the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, son of scientist Yakov Modestovich Gakkel. Yakov Gakkel participated in numerous Arctic expeditions, including the ones on the icebreaker '' Sibiryakov'' (1932) and the steamship '' Chelyuskin'' (1934). He was the first one to create a bathymetric map of the Arctic basin. Yakov Gakkel was awarded two orders and several medals during his scientific career. In 1966, one of the mid-oceanic ridge A mid-ocean ridge (MOR) is a seafloor mountain system formed by plate tectonics. It typically has a depth of about and rises about above the deepest portion of an ocean basin. This feature is where seafloor spreading takes place along a dive ...s was named after him. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric acid (American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphuric acid ( Commonwealth spelling), known in antiquity as oil of vitriol, is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen, with the molecular formula . It is a colorless, odorless and viscous liquid that is miscible with water. Pure sulfuric acid does not exist naturally on Earth due to its strong affinity to water vapor; it is hygroscopic and readily absorbs water vapor from the air. Concentrated sulfuric acid is highly corrosive towards other materials, from rocks to metals, since it is an oxidant with powerful dehydrating properties. Phosphorus pentoxide is a notable exception in that it is not dehydrated by sulfuric acid, but to the contrary dehydrates sulfuric acid to sulfur trioxide. Upon addition of sulfuric acid to water, a considerable amount of heat is released; thus the reverse procedure of adding water to the acid should not be performed since the heat released may boi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1945 Deaths
1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which Nuclear weapon, nuclear weapons Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, have been used in combat. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: ** Nazi Germany, Germany begins Operation Bodenplatte, an attempt by the ''Luftwaffe'' to cripple Allies of World War II, Allied air forces in the Low Countries. ** Chenogne massacre: German prisoners are allegedly killed by American forces near the village of Chenogne, Belgium. * January 6 – WWII: A German offensive recaptures Esztergom, Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946), Hungary from the Russians. * January 12 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the Vistula–Oder Offensive in Eastern Europe, against the German Army (Wehrmacht), German Army. * January 13 – WWII: The Soviet Union begins the East Prussian Offensive, to eliminate German forces in East Pruss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1874 Births
Events January–March * January 1 – New York City annexes The Bronx. * January 2 – Ignacio María González becomes head of state of the Dominican Republic for the first time. * January 3 – Third Carlist War – Battle of Caspe: Campaigning on the Ebro in Aragon for the Spanish Republican Government, Colonel Eulogio Despujol surprises a Carlist force under Manuel Marco de Bello at Caspe, northeast of Alcañiz. In a brilliant action the Carlists are routed, losing 200 prisoners and 80 horses, while Despujol is promoted to Brigadier and becomes Conde de Caspe. * January 20 – The Pangkor Treaty (also known as the Pangkor Engagement), by which the British extended their control over first the Sultanate of Perak, and later the other independent Malay States, is signed. * January 23 **Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, second son of Queen Victoria, marries Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, only daug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oceanographer
Oceanography (), also known as oceanology and ocean science, is the scientific study of the oceans. It is an Earth science, which covers a wide range of topics, including ecosystem dynamics; ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics; plate tectonics and the geology of the sea floor; and fluxes of various chemical substances and physical properties within the ocean and across its boundaries. These diverse topics reflect multiple disciplines that oceanographers utilize to glean further knowledge of the world ocean, including astronomy, biology, chemistry, climatology, geography, geology, hydrology, meteorology and physics. Paleoceanography studies the history of the oceans in the geologic past. An oceanographer is a person who studies many matters concerned with oceans, including marine geology, physics, chemistry and biology. History Early history Humans first acquired knowledge of the waves and currents of the seas and oceans in pre-historic times. Observations on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yakov Yakovlevich Gakkel
Yakov Yakovlevich Gakkel (russian: Яков Яковлевич Гаккель; July 18, 1901, Saint Petersburg – December 30, 1965, Leningrad) was a Soviet and Russian oceanographer, doctor of geographical sciences (1950), professor, director of the geography department of the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, son of scientist Yakov Modestovich Gakkel. Yakov Gakkel participated in numerous Arctic The Arctic ( or ) is a polar regions of Earth, polar region located at the northernmost part of Earth. The Arctic consists of the Arctic Ocean, adjacent seas, and parts of Canada (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), Danish Realm (Greenla ... expeditions, including the ones on the icebreaker '' Sibiryakov'' (1932) and the steamship '' Chelyuskin'' (1934). He was the first one to create a bathymetric map of the Arctic basin. Yakov Gakkel was awarded two orders and several medals during his scientific career. In 1966, one of the mid-oceanic ridges was named after hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Leningrad
The siege of Leningrad (russian: links=no, translit=Blokada Leningrada, Блокада Ленинграда; german: links=no, Leningrader Blockade; ) was a prolonged military blockade undertaken by the Axis powers against the Soviet city of Leningrad (present-day Saint Petersburg) on the Eastern Front of World War II. Germany's Army Group North advanced from the south, while the German-allied Finnish army invaded from the north and completed the ring around the city. The siege began on 8 September 1941, when the Wehrmacht severed the last road to the city. Although Soviet forces managed to open a narrow land corridor to the city on 18 January 1943, the Red Army did not lift the siege until 27 January 1944, 872 days after it began. The blockade became one of the longest and most destructive sieges in history, and it was possibly the costliest siege in history due to the number of casualties which were suffered throughout its duration. While not classed as a war crime at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Red Banner Of Labour
The Order of the Red Banner of Labour (russian: Орден Трудового Красного Знамени, translit=Orden Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni) was an order of the Soviet Union established to honour great deeds and services to the Soviet state and society in the fields of production, science, culture, literature, the arts, education, health, social and other spheres of labour activities. It is the labour counterpart of the military Order of the Red Banner. A few institutions and factories, being the pride of Soviet Union, also received the order. The Order of the Red Banner of Labour was the third-highest civil award in the Soviet Union, after the Order of Lenin and the Order of the October Revolution. The Order of the Red Banner of Labour began solely as an award of the Russian SFSR on December 28, 1920. The all-Union equivalent was established by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet on September 7, 1928, and approved by another decree on September 15, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petersburg State Transport University
Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University (PGUPS) (russian: Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I, abbreviated ПГУПС) is a higher education institution specializing in railway transport. Before 1990 it was known as "Leningrad Institute of Railway Engineers". The main building is located on Moskovsky Prospekt, number 9. The University provides training in specialties and areas of bachelor and master training. Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University is an academic partner of the Center for international logistics of Russian Railways and Deutsche Bahn AG. History Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University was one of the first technical universities in Russia. Its earliest precursors date back to 1798-1809 as a part of the training provided in the Department of Water Communications by N. P. Rumya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yury Lomonosov
Yury Vladimirovich Lomonosov (russian: Юрий Владимирович Ломоносов; 24 April 1876 – 19 November 1952) was a Russian railway engineer and a leading figure in the development of Russian Railways in the early 20th century. He was best known for design and construction of the world's first operationally successful mainline diesel locomotive, the E el-2. This was completed in 1924 and went into service in 1925.Heywood, p.209 In the late 1920s, Lomonosov immigrated to Europe and later became a British citizen. Early years Lomonosov was born in 1876 in Gzhatsk (now Gagarin), a town in Smolensk Oblast of Russia. His father Vladimir Grigorievich Lomonosov was a former cavalry officer who worked as a judge since 1870. His mother Maria Fedorovna Lomonosova (née Pegelau) was a housewife known for establishing a public library.Norman E"Тепловоз профессора Ю.В.Ломоносова – первенец советского и мирового ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Locomotive Class E El-2
The E el-2 (Cyrillic script: Ээл2) was a Soviet diesel-electric locomotive designed by Yury Lomonosov and built in Germany. The work was started by Hohenzollern Locomotive Works in Germany but, for political reasons, it was later transferred to Maschinenfabrik Esslingen. The locomotive was completed in 1924. On January 20, 1925 it was transferred to the USSR and presented to the press and officials. The rest of that year it spent on several mainline routes and then worked mostly between Moscow and Kursk, Russian SFSR, but later moved to Ashkhabad (Ashgabat, Turkmenistan). Despite some technical troubles in the early years of service, it underwent several modifications and lasted until 1954, running about a million kilometers in total. Powertrain The prime mover was an MAN submarine-type diesel engine, weighing 26 tonnes, and there were five traction motors, one for each driving axle. A semi-flexible coupling A coupling is a device used to connect two shafts together at th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Locomotive Class Shch-el-1
The shch-el-1 (Cyrillic script: Щэл1) was the Soviet Union's first diesel locomotive. It was designed by Yakov Modestovich Gakkel and built by the Putilov Plant and the Baltic Shipyard in Petrograd (St. Petersburg, Russia). It was completed in 1924 and named "The Lenin Memorial Diesel Locomotive". Powertrain The prime mover was a Vickers 10 cylinder diesel engine. According to Westwood, this was "presumably salvaged from a British submarine lost in the Baltic in 1919". The electric generators were also of submarine type but were made in Italy. Details of the traction motors are unknown. Service After trials, the locomotive worked on the Moscow-Kursk line but spent a lot of time out of service. It was withdrawn in 1927, after covering 25,000 miles, and was then put to work as a mobile generator. Preservation The locomotive is preserved at the Russian Railway Museum in Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterbur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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