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Xiantiandao
The Xiantiandao (, or "Way of the Primordial"; Vietnamese: ', Japanese: '), also simply Tiandao (; Vietnamese: ', Japanese: ') is one of the most productive currents of Chinese folk religious sects such as the White Lotus Sect, characterised by representing the principle of divinity as feminine and by a concern for salvation (moral completion) of mankind. Xiantiandao was founded in Jiangxi in the 17th century Qing dynasty as an offshoot of the Venerable Officials' teaching of fasting (), a branch of the Dacheng ( "Great Vehicle") or Yuandun ( "Sudden Stillness") eastern proliferation of Luoism. It has also been traced to the earlier ''Wugongdao'' ( "Way of the Five Lords"), a Yuan dynasty offshoot of the White Lotus tradition. The Xiantiandao religions were considered heterodox and suppressed throughout the history of China; they are still mostly forbidden in Mainland China, yet they thrive in Taiwan where at least 7% of the population adheres to some sect derived from the Xian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guiyidao
Guiyidao (皈依道, "Way of the Return to the One"), better known as Precosmic Salvationism (先天救教 ''Xiāntiān jiùjiào''; or "Former Heaven Salvationism") in contemporary Taiwan, and historically also known by the name of its institutions as Daodeshe (道德社), Guiyi Daoyuan (皈依道院) or later Daoyuan (道院)—respectively "Community of the Way and its Virtue", "School of the Way of the Return to the One" or simply "School of the Way"—is a Chinese folk religious movement of salvation belonging to the Xiantiandao ("Way of Former Heaven") tradition. Similarly to other Xiantiandao sects, Guiyidao is focused on the worship of the universal God (Tian), which it defines as the Holiest Venerable Patriarch of the Primordial Heaven (''Zhisheng Xiantian Laozu''), as the source of salvation. Guiyidao is related to the Japanese Shinto sect of Oomoto (大本 "Great Source") and is a proscribed religion in the People's Republic of China, thereafter being active as an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yiguandao
Yiguandao / I-Kuan Tao (),; ko, 일관도, Ilgwando; th, อนุตตรธรรม, . meaning the Consistent Way or Persistent Way, is a Chinese salvationist religious sect that emerged in the late 19th century, in Shandong, to become China's most important redemptive society in the 1930s and 1940s, especially during the Japanese invasion. In the 1930s Yiguandao spread rapidly throughout China led by Zhang Tianran, who is the eighteenth patriarch of the Latter Far East Tao Lineage, and Sun Suzhen, the first matriarch of the Lineage. Yiguandao started off with a few thousand followers in Shandong in the 1930s, but under the Patriarch and Matriarch's leadership and with missionary work the group grew to become the biggest movement in China in the 1940s with millions of followers. In 1949, Yiguandao was proscribed in mainland China as an illegal secret society and heretical cult as part of the greater antireligious campaign that took place. Yiguandao has since flourished ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Religion In Taiwan
Religion in Taiwan is characterised by a diversity of religious beliefs and practices, predominantly those pertaining to the continued preservation of the ancient Chinese culture and religion. Freedom of religion is inscribed in the constitution of the Republic of China (Taiwan), and ranks high at 9.2 on the Freedom Scale in 2018 according to the World Bank. The majority of Taiwanese people practice a combination of Buddhism and Taoism often with a Confucian worldview, which is collectively termed as Chinese folk religion. Many statistical analyses try to distinguish between Buddhism and Taoism in Taiwan, which, along with Confucianism, are rather aspects within broader "ancient Chinese religion". It is hard to make such distinction because various Taoist deities are worshipped alongside deities which originated in Buddhism, for instance Guanyin, in many temples across the country. , there were 15,175 religious buildings in Taiwan, approximately one place of worship per 1,57 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Folk Religious Sects
Chinese salvationist religions or Chinese folk religious sects are a Chinese religious tradition characterised by a concern for salvation (moral fulfillment) of the person and the society.; ''passim'' They are distinguished by egalitarianism, a founding charismatic person often informed by a divine revelation, a specific theology written in holy texts, a millenarian eschatology and a voluntary path of salvation, an embodied experience of the numinous through healing and self-cultivation, and an expansive orientation through evangelism and philanthropy. Some scholars consider these religions a single phenomenon, and others consider them the fourth great Chinese religious category alongside the well-established Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Generally these religions focus on the worship of the universal God (Shangdi), represented as either male, female, or genderless, and regard their holy patriarchs as embodiments of God. Terminology and definition "Chinese salvationist relig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yixin Tiandao Longhua Hui
The Holy Dragon Flower Church of the Heart-bound Heavenly Way (一心天道龙华圣教会 ''Yīxīn tiāndào lónghuá shèng jiàohuì''), also known simply as Yixin Tiandao (一心天道 "Heart-bound Heavenly Way"), Yizhendao (一真道 "Way of the One Truth") or the Holy Church of the One Truth (一真圣教会 ''Yīzhēn shèng jiàohuì''), or Changmaodao (长毛道 "Way of the Long Hair"),Shanghai Government Archive. is a Chinese folk religious sect part of the Xiantiandao tradition. The first hall of the religion (一心堂 ''yīxīn táng'', "one-heart hall") was founded in 1913 by Ma Shiwei (马士伟) in the Zouping County of Shandong. In 1917 the One-Heart movement expanded opening a branch in Shanxi, and in 1922 it started a branch in Hebei. Its headquarters were located in Wutai County (Shanxi) and Jinan (Shandong). In 1937 the first congregation was established in Shanghai. See also * Chinese folk religion * Chinese salvationist religions * Xiantiandao The Xianti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vietnamese Folk Religion
Vietnamese folk religion ( vi, tín ngưỡng dân gian Việt Nam, sometimes just called , Chữ Hán: ) is the ethnic religion of the Vietnamese people. About 86% of the population in Vietnam are associated with this religion. Vietnamese folk religion is not an organized religious system, but a set of local worship traditions devoted to the , a term which can be translated as "spirits", "gods" or with the more exhaustive locution "generative powers". These gods can be nature deities or national, community or kinship tutelary deities or ancestral gods and the ancestral gods of a specific family. Ancestral gods are often deified heroic persons. Vietnamese mythology preserves narratives telling of the actions of many of the cosmic gods and cultural heroes. The Vietnamese indigenous religion is sometimes identified as Confucianism since it carries values that were emphasized by Confucius. is a distinct form of Vietnamese shamanism, giving prominence to some mother goddesses i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shengdao
Shengdao (圣道 "Holy Way" or "Way of the Hallows"), best known by its corporate name Tongshanshe () is a Confucianism, ConfucianD. Palmer. Redemptive Societies as Confucian NRMs?'. ''Journal of Chinese Theatre, Ritual and Folklore'' / ''Minsu Quyi'', 172 (2011): 1-12. Line 172: «Tongshanshe emphasized that it was “primarily Confucian” 以儒家為主». Chinese salvationist religions, salvation sect part of the Xiantiandao ("Way of Former Heaven") lineage. Amongst the Way of Former Heaven sects, the Tongshanshe has been one of the most widespread and influential. Yanshengdao (言圣道 "Way of the Holy Word") is a branch of Shengdao. History It was founded at the start of the 20th century by Peng Tairong (1873–1950), styled ''Ruzun'', in Sichuan. The sect attracted the local gentry and in 1910 it was introduced to the Qing dynasty, Qing court. In 1917 the Tongshanshe was established in Beijing with the sponsorship of Duan Qirui (1865-1936) and general Cao Kun (1862–1938 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tongshanshe
Shengdao (圣道 "Holy Way" or "Way of the Hallows"), best known by its corporate name Tongshanshe () is a ConfucianD. Palmer. Redemptive Societies as Confucian NRMs?'. ''Journal of Chinese Theatre, Ritual and Folklore'' / ''Minsu Quyi'', 172 (2011): 1-12. Line 172: «Tongshanshe emphasized that it was “primarily Confucian” 以儒家為主». salvation sect part of the Xiantiandao ("Way of Former Heaven") lineage. Amongst the Way of Former Heaven sects, the Tongshanshe has been one of the most widespread and influential. Yanshengdao (言圣道 "Way of the Holy Word") is a branch of Shengdao. History It was founded at the start of the 20th century by Peng Tairong (1873–1950), styled ''Ruzun'', in Sichuan. The sect attracted the local gentry and in 1910 it was introduced to the Qing court. In 1917 the Tongshanshe was established in Beijing with the sponsorship of Duan Qirui (1865-1936) and general Cao Kun (1862–1938), later to become president of the Republic of China in 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luoism
Luodao (罗道 "Way of Luo") or Luoism (罗教), originally Wuweiism (无为教), refers to a Chinese folk religious tradition, a wide range of sect organisations flourishing over the last five hundred years, which trace their origins back to the mystic and preacher Luo Menghong (1443–1527), the Patriarch Luo (罗祖 ''Luōzǔ'') and the revelation contained in his major scripture, the ''Wǔbùliùcè'' (五部六册 "Five Instructions in Six Books"), which official title is ''The Scroll of Apprehending the Way through Hard Work'' and that marked the beginning of the precious scrolls' tradition. Luo and the movement he started is considered the most important influence within the Chinese salvationist tradition. A wide range of religious groups can be traced to Luo's teachings, their names are numerous and have changed over the centuries. Some of them have remained close to original Wuweiism as transmitted in Luo's scriptures, while other ones have developed other beliefs only p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tiandi Teachings
Tiandiism is a group of Chinese salvationist religions, Chinese salvationist sects, namely the Holy Church of the Heavenly Virtue and the Lord of Universe Church, which emerged respectively from the teachings of Xiao Changming and Li Yujie, disseminated in the early 20th century.Vermander, 1999. The Lord of Universe Church is actually a later development of the former, established in the 1980s. These religions focus on the worship of the "Heavenly Deity" or "Heavenly Emperor" (''Tiāndì'' 天帝), on health through the proper cultivation of qi, and teach a style of qigong named ''Tianren qigong''. According to scholars, the doctrines of Li Yujie are traceable to the Taoism, Taoist tradition of Mount Hua, Huashan, where he studied for eight years. The Lord of Universe Church is active both in Taiwan and mainland China, where it has high-level links. Tiandiist bodies Holy Church of the Heavenly Virtue The origins of the Holy Church of the Heavenly Virtue (天德聖教 ''Tiāndé sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaochidao
Yaochidao (瑤池道 "Way of the Mother-of-Pearl Lake"), also known by the name of its corporate form the Holy Church of the Mother-of-Pearl Lake, Taiwan Yauchi Holy Church (台灣瑤池聖教會) or by the older name of Cihuitang (慈惠堂 "Church of the Loving Favour"), is a Chinese folk religious sect related to the ''Xiantiandao'' lineage, with a strong following in Taiwan and active as an underground church in the People's Republic of China, where it is theoretically a proscribed sect. It existed before the 20th century and it is focused on the worship of Xiwangmu (the "Queen Mother of the West"). Practices Members of Yaochidao wear blue uniforms, and perform a variety of ritual and practices including divination of inspired scriptures, chanting of scriptures, exercises of body cultivation, gods' mediumship and other forms of charismatic religious praxis. See also * Chinese salvationist religions * Chinese folk religion Chinese folk religion, also known as Chine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caodaism
Caodaism ( vi, Đạo Cao Đài, Chữ Hán: ) is a Monotheism, monotheistic Religious syncretism, syncretic new religious movement officially established in the city of Tây Ninh in southern Vietnam in 1926. The full name of the religion is (The Great Faith [for the] Third Universal Redemption). Adherents engage in practices such as prayer, veneration of ancestors, nonviolence, and vegetarianism with the goal of union with God and freedom from saṃsāra. Estimates of the number of Caodaists in Vietnam vary; government figures estimate 4.4 million Caodaists affiliated to the Cao Đài Tây Ninh Holy See, with numbers rising up to 6 million if other branches are added. However, estimates vary. The United Nations found about 2.5 million Cao Dai followers in Vietnam as of January 2015. An additional number of adherents in the tens of thousands, primarily ethnic Vietnamese, live in North America, Cambodia, Europe and Australia as part of the Cao Dai diaspora. History Ngô Văn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
