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World Association Of Home Army Soldiers
The World Association of Home Army Soldiers ( pl, Światowy Związek Żołnierzy Armii Krajowej; abbreviated ŚZŻAK) is an international non-governmental organization gathering former soldiers of the Home Army. ŚZŻAK brings together members of the Army and other armed organizations subordinate in time of World War II to the Polish government-in-exile who fought for Polish independence. Those who continued the fight for independence after the dissolution of the Home Army and persons who adhere to the ideals of the Home Army and act to stabilize them in Polish society are also considered for membership. In the early 1990s the organization had over 80,000 members, in the year 2008 about 35,000 members, and in 2010 about 12,000 members. The highest authority of the World Association of Home Army Soldiers is the Congress of Delegates, and in the periods between meetings the ŚZŻAK is managed by the Governing Council, the Executive Board, Chief Audit Commission, and General Court of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PAST (Poland)
PAST (, Polish Telephone Joint-stock Company), also known as PASTa, was a Polish telephone operator in the period between World War I and World War II. It is notable for its main headquarters in the Śródmieście Północne neighbourhood of the borough of Śródmieście in Warsaw, which at the time of its construction was the first skyscraper in the Russian Empire and the tallest building of Warsaw. The fight for the building during the Warsaw Uprising of 1944 also added to the legend of the place. History The Swedish-owned company Towarzystwo Akcyjne Telefonów, also known as Cedergren, won a tender in 1900 to expand the Warsaw telephone network. For that purpose, two buildings were built at Zielna street in downtown Warsaw, holding the telephone exchange and the company's headquarters. The building was built between 1904 and 1910 and was constructed in two phases. The lower part, designed by L. Wahlman, I.G. Clason and B. Brochowicz-Rogoyski, was completed in 1904-1905 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smolensk
Smolensk ( rus, Смоленск, p=smɐˈlʲensk, a=smolensk_ru.ogg) is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, west-southwest of Moscow. First mentioned in 863, it is one of the oldest cities in Russia. Population: The city has been destroyed several times throughout its long history because it was on the invasion routes of various empires. Smolensk is known for its electronics, textiles, food processing, and diamond faceting industries. Etymology The name of the city is derived from the name of the Smolnya River. Smolnya river flows through Karelian and Murmansk areas of north-western Russia. The origin of the river's name is less clear. One possibility is the old Slavic word () for black soil, which might have colored the waters of the Smolnya. An alternative origin could be the Russian word (), which means resin, tar, or pitch. Pine trees grow in the area, and the city was once a center of resin processing and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Veterans' Organisations
Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken *Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwriters Polish may refer to: * Polishing, the process of creating a smooth and shiny surface by rubbing or chemical action ** French polishing, polishing wood to a high gloss finish * Nail polish * Shoe polish * Polish (screenwriting), improving a script in smaller ways than in a rewrite See also * * * Polonaise (other) A polonaise ()) is a stately dance of Polish origin or a piece of music for this dance. Polonaise may also refer to: * Polonaises (Chopin), compositions by Frédéric Chopin ** Polonaise in A-flat major, Op. 53 (french: Polonaise héroïque, lin ... {{Disambiguation, surname Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanna Stadnik
Hanna Stadnik (23 February 1929 – 1 December 2020) was a Polish social worker, women's rights activist, and veteran of the Polish resistance movement in World War II. In 1944, at the age of 15-years old, Stadnik participated in the Warsaw Uprising against Nazi German occupation. She was imprisoned by German authorities for the duration of the war, but later received numerous awards and recognitions for her role in the uprising. Stadnik later served as a longtime Vice President of the World Association of Home Army Soldiers (ŚZŻAK). In September 2020, Stadnik was named acting President of the ŚZŻAK, a position she held until her death on 1 December 2020. Biography Stadnik was born on 23 February 1929, in Warsaw, Poland. Nazi Germany invaded and occupied Poland, including Warsaw, in 1939. In 1942, Stadnik began working for the Polish underground when she was 13-years old. She received medical training and smuggled documents and weapons across Warsaw from 1942 to 1944. Hanna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leszek Zukowski
Leszek () is a Slavic Polish male given name, originally ''Lestko'', ''Leszko'' or ''Lestek'', related to ''Lech'', ''Lechosław'' and Czech ''Lstimir''. Individuals named Leszek celebrate their name day on June 3. Notable people * Lestko * Leszek I (other) * Leszek II (other) * Leszek III * Leszek, Duke of Masovia (ca 1162–1186) * Leszek I the White (1186/1187-1227) * Leszek II the Black (1241–1288) * Leszek Balcerowicz, a Polish economist, the former chairman of the National Bank of Poland and Deputy Prime Minister * Leszek Bebło (born 1966), Polish long-distance runner, 1993 Paris Marathon champion * Leszek Blanik, 2008 Olympic gold medalist in vault (gymnastics) * Leszek Kołakowski (1927–2009), Polish philosopher * Leszek Miller, former Prime Minister of Poland * Sir Leszek Krysztof Borysiewicz, British academic and university administrator * Leszek A Gasieniec, Professor of Computer Science at the University of Liverpool See also * Lech (disam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czesław Cywiński
Czesław Justyn Cywiński (10 March 1926 – 10 April 2010) was the President of the Association of Armia Krajowa Soldiers. He was among those killed in the 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash. Honours and awards Polonia Restituta, Polonia Restituta 1st Class (Posthumous recognition, posthum.) Polonia Restituta, Polonia Restituta 2nd Class Polonia Restituta, Polonia Restituta 3rd Class Polonia Restituta, Polonia Restituta 5th Class Cross of Valour (Poland), Cross of Valour Cross of Merit (Poland), Silver Cross of Merit Partisan Cross Medal of Merit for National Defence, Gold Medal for Merit for Country Defense References * 1926 births 2010 deaths Home Army members Victims of the Smolensk air disaster Military personnel from Vilnius Polish soldiers Grand Crosses of the Order of Polonia Restituta Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland) Recipients of the Silver Cross of Merit (Poland) {{Poland-mil-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
