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William Ryrie
William Ryrie (1805—1856) was a Scottish-born Australian pastoralist and pioneer settler colonist of the Braidwood district of New South Wales and the Port Phillip District (now Victoria). Early life William Ryrie was the eldest son of Stewart Ryrie (1778—1852) and his first wife Ann Stewart. He was born on 9 February 1805, at Thurso, Caithness, Scotland. He came to Australia in 1825, as a free settler, with his father, the new Deputy Commissary General, and the rest of his immediate family. His deceased mother, Anne, was the sister of William Stewart (1769—1854), who until 1827, was Lieutenant-Governor of New South Wales, under Governor Ralph Darling. One of his younger brothers was Stewart Ryrie, Junior, who settled at Jindabyne. Alexander Ryrie, David Ryrie and John Ryrie were his Australian-born half-siblings. Work In 1827, William took up a land grant at Larbert in the Braidwood district, which was named Arnprior, after the childhood home of his father's second wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pastoralism
Pastoralism is a form of animal husbandry where domesticated animals (known as "livestock") are released onto large vegetated outdoor lands (pastures) for grazing, historically by nomadic people who moved around with their herds. The animal species involved include cattle, camels, goats, yaks, llamas, reindeer, horses and sheep. Pastoralism occurs in many variations throughout the world, generally where environmental characteristics such as aridity, poor soils, cold or hot temperatures, and lack of water make crop-growing difficult or impossible. Operating in more extreme environments with more marginal lands means that pastoral communities are very vulnerable to the effects of global warming. Pastoralism remains a way of life in many geographic areas, including Africa, the Tibetan plateau, the Eurasian steppes, the Andes, Patagonia, the Pampas, Australia and many other places. , between 200 million and 500 million people globally practised pastoralism, and 75% ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convicts In Australia
Between 1788 and 1868, about 162,000 Penal transportation, convicts were transported from Great Britain, Britain and Ireland to various list of Australian penal colonies, penal colonies in Australia. The British Government began transporting convicts overseas to Thirteen Colonies, American colonies in the early 18th century. When transportation ended with the start of the American Revolution, an alternative site was needed to relieve further overcrowding of British prisons and prison ship, hulks. Earlier in 1770, James Cook charted and claimed possession of the east coast of Australia for Britain. Seeking to pre-empt the French colonial empire from expanding into the region, Britain chose Australia as the site of a penal colony, and in 1787, the First Fleet of eleven convict ships set sail for Botany Bay, arriving on 20 January 1788 to found Sydney, New South Wales, the first European settlement on the continent. Other penal colonies were later established in Van Diemen's Land ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yarra Valley (wine)
The Yarra Valley is an Australian wine region located east of Melbourne, Victoria. It is a cool climate region that is best known for producing Chardonnay, sparkling wine and Pinot Noir. Its proximity to the urban centre and high profile wineries have made it an important destination for enotourism, receiving over 3.1 million visitors in 2011. Geography and climate The westernmost point of the Yarra Valley is Whittlesea, north to Kinglake, east to Mount Gregory and south to Gembrook. It is divided into two distinct subregions, the Valley Floor and the Upper Yarra, with distinct altitudes, soils, rainfall and climates between them. Rainfall in the Yarra Valley is typically between 750mm - 950mm. Valley Floor The valley floor includes the towns of Lilydale, Yarra Glen and Healesville, and is the path of both the Melba Highway and the Maroondah Highway. Most of the subregion sits between 50 and 80 metres above sea level and its gently sloping hills are warmer on average tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul De Castella
Paul Frederic de Castella (22 May 1827 – 14 March 1903) was a Swiss-Australian grazier and winemaker, the pioneer of viticulture in Victoria. Early life De Castella was born in Neuchâtel, Switzerland, second-eldest son of Dr. Jean François Paul de Castella, and his second wife Eleonore, ''née'' de Riaz. He was a descendant of the Seigneurs de Castella, a noble family from Gruyère. In 1843 Paul started work in a bank; he went to England in 1847 to learn English and study commerce. Paul's eldest brother was Hubert de Castella. Australia De Castella emigrated to Victoria, arriving in Melbourne on 28 November 1849 aboard the ''Royal George''. In the following year he purchased the Yering cattle station, where in 1856 he planted the first vineyard in Victoria. He later entered business with Frédéric Guillaume de Pury. Castella in 1859 imported plant necessary for the cellar and ten thousand vines, half of which were Sauvignon and two thousand La Folle (the grape used fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camden Park Estate
The Camden Park Estate incorporating the Belgenny Farm is a heritage-listed large working historical farm located at Elizabeth Macarthur Avenue, in the south-western Sydney suburb of Camden South in the Camden Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Henry Kitchen in , John Verge in and A. J. Onslow in and built from 1819 to 1840 by John Macarthur in , James English and Sons in and John Sulman . The property is owned by Belgenny Farm Trust and Camden Park Preservation Committee. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 22 December 2006. Today, part of the original estate contains the Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute; having originally served as a commercial sheep station and horticultural farm for the Macarthur family since the early 1800s. History When the first fleet arrived in Sydney Cove in 1788 they found the soil unsuitable for farming and soon looked towards the heavy clay and loam soils of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Macarthur (politician)
James Macarthur (15 December 1798 – 21 April 1867) was an Australian pastoralist and politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council on three occasions between 1839 and 1843, 1848 and 1856 and finally from 1866 until his death. He was also a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly between 1856 and 1859. Early life Macarthur was the fourth son of John Macarthur and his wife Elizabeth. He was initially privately educated in Parramatta but accompanied his father to England in 1809 in the aftermath of the Rum Rebellion. He stayed in Europe throughout his father's exile and completed his education in Hackney before undertaking a grand tour. On arriving back in the colony in 1817, he was given responsibility for managing his father's Camden estates. He did this assiduously and greatly increased the family's wealth and property during the next 10 years. He was also a director of numerous colonial companies including the failing Australian Agricul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Border Police Of New South Wales
The Border Police of New South Wales was a frontier policing body introduced by the colonial government of New South Wales with the passing of the ''Crown Lands Unauthorised Occupation Act 1839''. The Colony of New South Wales was expanding rapidly in the late 1830s, and the colonial government was concerned with the illegal occupation of lands and the rights of the Aboriginal people. The colonial government of New South Wales in 1839 legislated for a new policing body that would control these issues. This force was called the Border Police. The Border Police was organised into a number of sections and these were deployed to the various districts along the frontier. Each section was under the authority of the Commissioner of Crown Lands for that particular district and each commissioner had about 10 troopers. In order to reduce the cost of the force as much as possible, the troopers were taken from the population of convicts that existed in the colony at that time. The convicts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wurundjeri
The Wurundjeri people are an Australian Aboriginal people of the Woiwurrung language group, in the Kulin nation. They are the Traditional Owners of the Birrarung (Yarra River) Valley, covering much of the present location of Narrm (Melbourne). They continue to live in this area and throughout Australia. They were called the Yarra tribe by early European colonists. The Wurundjeri Tribe Land and Compensation Cultural Heritage Council was established in 1985 by Wurundjeri people. Ethnonym According to the early Australian ethnographer Alfred William Howitt, the name Wurundjeri, in his transcription ''Urunjeri'', refers to a species of eucalypt, ''Eucalyptus viminalis'', otherwise known as the manna or white gum, which is common along Birrarung. Some modern reports of Wurundjeri traditional lore state that their ethnonym combines a word, ''wurun'', meaning ''Manna Gum'' and ''djeri'', a species of grub found in the tree, and take the word therefore to mean "Witchetty Grub People ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Yering
The Battle of Yering was a conflict between Indigenous Australians of the Wurundjeri nation and the Border Police which occurred on 13 January 1840, on the outskirts of Melbourne.Kath Gannaway, Important step for reconciliation' Star News Group, 24 January 2007. Accessed 1 November 2008 Frontier conflict The conflict arose after a quarrel between Wurundjeri-william people and settler, James Anderson, over the right to harvest a potato crop on Wurundjeri land at what is now known as Warrandyte. A stand-off occurred and the clansmen moved to William Ryrie's Yering Station. Troopers of the Border Police led by Captain Henry Gisborne, who was Commissioner of Crown Lands, lured Jaga Jaga (Jacky-Jacky) and some of the Wurundjeri men to Yering station homestead where Jaga Jaga was captured and handcuffed. The other Wurundjeri men quickly retreated.Isabel Ellender and Peter Christiansen, pp65-67 ''People of the Merri Merri. The Wurundjeri in Colonial Days'', Merri Creek Management Commit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melbourne
Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a metropolitan area known as Greater Melbourne, comprising an urban agglomeration of 31 local municipalities, although the name is also used specifically for the local municipality of City of Melbourne based around its central business area. The metropolis occupies much of the northern and eastern coastlines of Port Phillip Bay and spreads into the Mornington Peninsula, part of West Gippsland, as well as the hinterlands towards the Yarra Valley, the Dandenong and Macedon Ranges. It has a population over 5 million (19% of the population of Australia, as per 2021 census), mostly residing to the east side of the city centre, and its inhabitants are commonly referred to as "Melburnians". The area of Melbourne has been home to Aboriginal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yering, Victoria
Yering is a town in Victoria, Australia, 38 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district, located within the Shire of Yarra Ranges local government area. Yering recorded a population of 138 at the . Yering was home to one of Victoria's first wineries. History In 1837, brothers William, Donald and James Ryrie, accompanied by four convict stockmen, set out from the Monaro region of New South Wales driving 250 head of stock, settling in the Yarra Valley at Yering, which was the Indigenous name for the local area."Yering" derives from either "Yerrang", meaning "scrubby", or "Yerring", meaning "beard". They also brought wines with them, and when visitors came to the property, they were treated to wine labelled by Donald Ryrie (his brothers having meanwhile returned to New South Wales) as "Chateau Yering" with ironic overstatement. By the 1850s, the property had been acquired by two immigrant families from Neuchâtel, Switzerland—the de Castella and de Pury fam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jervis Bay
Jervis Bay () is a oceanic bay and village on the south coast of New South Wales, Australia, said to possess the whitest sand in the world. A area of land around the southern headland of the bay is a territory of the Commonwealth of Australia known as the Jervis Bay Territory. The Territory includes the settlements of Jervis Bay Village and Wreck Bay Village. The Royal Australian Navy (RAN) base, , is in the Jervis Bay Territory between Jervis Bay Village and Greenpatch Point. History Archaeological evidence at Burrill Lake, New South Wales, Burrill Lake, 55 kilometres south of Jervis Bay, shows Aboriginal Australians, Aboriginal occupation dating back 20,000 years. Jervis Bay was sighted by Lieutenant (navy), Lieutenant James Cook aboard on 25 April 1770 (two days after Saint George's Day) and he named the southern headland Cape St George. In August 1791 Lieutenant Richard Bowen (Royal Navy), Richard Bowen, aboard the convict transport ship Atlantic (1783 ship), ''Atlantic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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