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What The Koran Really Says
''What the Koran Really Says: Language, Text and Commentary'' (2002) is a book edited by Ibn Warraq and published by Prometheus Books. The book is a collection of classical essays, some translated for the first time, that provide commentary on the traditions and language of the Koran, discussing its grammatical and logical discontinuities, its Syriac and Hebrew foreign vocabulary, and its possible Christian, Coptic and Qumranic sources. The title is taken from German author Manfred Barthel's 1980 book ''Was wirklich in der Bibel steht'' ("What the Bible Really Says"). Within the book is an article written by Gerd R. Puin titled "Observations on Early Qu'ran Manuscripts in Sana'a". Professor Puin is a German scholar and an authority on Qur'anic historical orthography, the study and scholarly interpretation of ancient manuscripts, and a specialist in Arabic calligraphy. Professor Puin was the head of a restoration project, commissioned by the Yemeni government, which spent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Warraq
Ibn Warraq is the pen name of an anonymous author critical of Islam. He is the founder of the Institute for the Secularisation of Islamic Society and used to be a senior research fellow at the Center for Inquiry, focusing on Quranic criticism. Warraq is the vice-president of the World Encounter Institute. Warraq has written historiographies of the early centuries of the Islamic timeline and has published works which question mainstream conceptions of the period. The pen name Ibn Warraq ( ar, ابن وراق, most literally "son of a papermaker") is used due to his concerns for his personal safety; Warraq stated, "I was afraid of becoming the second Salman Rushdie." It is a name that has been adopted by dissident authors throughout the history of Islam. The name refers to the 9th-century skeptical scholar Abu Isa al-Warraq. Warraq adopted the pseudonym in 1995 when he completed his first book, entitled ''Why I Am Not a Muslim''. Warraq's commentary on Islam has been criticized ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yemen
Yemen (; ar, ٱلْيَمَن, al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen,, ) is a country in Western Asia. It is situated on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, and borders Saudi Arabia to the Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, north and Oman to the Oman–Yemen border, northeast and shares maritime borders with Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia. Yemen is the second-largest Arabs, Arab sovereign state in the peninsula, occupying , with a coastline stretching about . Its constitutionally stated Capital city, capital, and largest city, is Sanaa. As of 2021, Yemen has an estimated population of some 30.4 million. In ancient times, Yemen was the home of the Sabaeans, a trading state that included parts of modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea. Later in 275 AD, the Himyarite Kingdom was influenced by Judaism. Christianity arrived in the fourth century. Islam spread quickly in the seventh century and Yemenite troops were crucial in the early Islamic conquests. Several Dynasty, dynasties ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sura IX
At-Tawbah ( ar, ٱلتوبة, ; The Repentance), also known as Bara'ah ( ar, براءة, ; Repudiation), is the ninth chapter (''sūrah'') of the Quran. It contains 129 verses ('' āyāt'') and is one of the last Medinan surahs. This Surah is reported to have been revealed at the time of the Battle of Tabuk in Madinah in the 9th year of the Hijrah. The Sanaa manuscript preserves some verses, on parchment radiocarbon dated to between 578/44 bh and 669/49ah. It is the only Surah of the Quran that does not begin with ''Bismillah'', the usual opening formula, ''In the name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate''. It deals with almost the same topics as those dealt with in Surat al-Anfal. In contrast to all other surahs, Muhammad did not order that this formula should be put at the beginning of this surah. Summary *1-2 Four months’ immunity proclaimed to idolaters *3-5 After four months, all idolaters to be slain, with exception of those with whom treaties ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sura XXII
Al-Ḥajj ( ar, الحج, ; "The Pilgrimage", "The Hajj") is the 22nd chapter (''sūrah'') of the Quran with 78 verses ('' āyāt''). This surah takes its name from the 27th verse. Summary *1-2 The dreadful character of the judgment-day *3-4 Nadr ibn al-Harith rebuked for his infidelity *5-7 Proofs of the doctrine of the resurrection *8-10 Abu Jahl’s obstinate infidelity and its punishment *11-13 Hypocrites exposed and rebuked *14 God will reward the righteous *15-16 God will cause Muhammad and the Quran to triumph *17 God will judge between the followers of conflicting faiths * ۩ 18 All creatures praise God *19-24 The awful fate of unbelievers contrasted with the joy of believers *25-26 Profaners of the Kaabah will be punished *27 God appointed the site of the Kaabah an abode for Abraham *28-32 The pilgrimage to Makkah instituted for Muslims *32-35 Rites to be observed by the pilgrims *36 Sacrifices appointed for the professors of every religion *37 The humble ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Albert Wells
George Albert Wells (22 May 1926 – 23 January 2017) was an English scholar who served as Professor of German at Birkbeck, University of London. After writing books about famous European intellectuals, such as Johann Gottfried Herder and Franz Grillparzer, he turned to the study of the historicity of Jesus, starting with his book ''The Jesus of the Early Christians'' in 1971. He is best known as an advocate of the thesis that Jesus is essentially a mythical rather than a historical figure, a theory that was pioneered by German biblical scholars such as Bruno Bauer and Arthur Drews. Since the late 1990s, Wells said that the hypothetical Q document, which is proposed as a source used in some of the gospels, may "contain a core of reminiscences" of an itinerant Galilean miracle-worker/ Cynic-sage type preacher. This new stance has been interpreted as Wells changing his position to accept the existence of a historical Jesus. In 2003, Wells stated that he disagreed with Robert ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aharon Ben-Shemesh
Aharon Ben-Shemesh (; 1889–1988) was an Israeli writer, translator, and lecturer in Islamic Law at Tel Aviv University. He published a modern Hebrew translation of the Quran The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God. It is organized in 114 chapters (pl.: , s ... from the original Arabic in 1971, and an English translation in 1979. Selected bibliography * * * * * References 1889 births 1988 deaths Arabic–Hebrew translators Israeli Arabists Tel Aviv University faculty Translators of the Quran into English 20th-century translators {{Israel-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joshua Blau
Yehoshua Blau, also spelled Joshua ( he, יהושע בלאו, vertical-align=sup; 22 September 1919 – 20 October 2020) was an Israeli scholar of Arabic language and literature, previously Professor Emeritus at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Life and career Blau was born in Cluj, Romania in September 1919. He moved to Mandatory Palestine with his family in 1938. He earned a master's degree in Hebrew, Arabic, and Biblical studies in 1942. He married Shulamit in 1945, and they had a son and daughter. His doctoral studies were interrupted by the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, during which he served in the Israel Defense Forces in an intelligence unit. He was awarded a PhD in 1950 for his dissertation, "The Grammar of Judeo-Arabic." Prior to his academic career, he taught at high schools and published several Hebrew grammars. He briefly taught at Tel Aviv University before taking an academic position at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where he taught from 1957 to 1986. Even af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaim Menachem Rabin
Chaim Menachem Rabin ( he, חיים מנחם רבין; 1915–1996) was a German, then British, and finally Israeli professor of Hebrew and Semitic languages. Chaim Rabin was born in Giessen, Germany, 22 November 1915, the son of Israel and Martel Rabin. Having completed his school studies in April 1933 he spent the year 1933–1934 in Palestine, studying at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.Utz Maas: ''Verfolgung und Auswanderung deutschsprachiger Sprachforscher 1933-1945.'entry for Chaim Rabin/ref> He then emigrated to England, where he eventually became a British citizen. He enrolled as a student at the School of Oriental Studies of the University of London where he received his BA degree in 1937. In 1939 he was awarded his PhD with a thesis entitled ''Studies in Early Arabic Dialects'' at the now renamed School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), where from 1938 was employed as a lecturer. On the outbreak of the war he was briefly interned on the Isle of Man, but was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul E
Paul may refer to: *Paul (given name), a given name (includes a list of people with that name) * Paul (surname), a list of people People Christianity *Paul the Apostle (AD c.5–c.64/65), also known as Saul of Tarsus or Saint Paul, early Christian missionary and writer * Pope Paul (other), multiple Popes of the Roman Catholic Church * Saint Paul (other), multiple other people and locations named "Saint Paul" Roman and Byzantine empire * Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus (c. 229 BC – 160 BC), Roman general * Julius Paulus Prudentissimus (), Roman jurist * Paulus Catena (died 362), Roman notary *Paulus Alexandrinus (4th century), Hellenistic astrologer * Paul of Aegina or Paulus Aegineta (625–690), Greek surgeon Royals *Paul I of Russia (1754–1801), Tsar of Russia * Paul of Greece (1901–1964), King of Greece Other people *Paul the Deacon or Paulus Diaconus (c. 720 – c. 799), Italian Benedictine monk *Paul (father of Maurice), the father of Mauric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Jeffery
Arthur Jeffery (18 October 1892 in Melbourne, Australia – 2 August 1959 in South Milford, Canada) was a Protestant Australian professor of Semitic languages from 1921 at the School of Oriental Studies in Cairo, and from 1938 until his death jointly at Columbia University and Union Theological Seminary in New York City. He is the author of extensive historical studies of Middle Eastern manuscripts. His important works include ''Materials for the History of the Text of the Qur'an: The Old Codices'', which catalogs all surviving documented variants of the orthodox Quran text; and ''The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qur'an'', which traces the origins of 318 foreign (non-Arabic) words found in the Qur'an. Some of Jeffery's studies are included in '' The Origins of The Koran: Classic Essays on Islam’s Holy Book'', edited by Ibn Warraq. They are also discussed in Mohar Ali's ''The Qur'an and The Orientalists'':M. Mohar Ali, ''The Qur'an and The Orientalists'' p. 313 cited iThe Q ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alphonse Mingana
Alphonse Mingana (born as Hurmiz Mingana; syr, ܗܪܡܙ ܡܢܓܢܐ, in 1878 at Sharanesh, a village near Zakho (present day Iraq) - died 5 December 1937 Birmingham, England) was an Assyrian theologian, historian, Syriacist, orientalist and a former priest who is best known for collecting and preserving the Mingana Collection of ancient Middle Eastern manuscripts at Birmingham. Like the majority of Assyrians in the Zakho region, his family belonged to the Chaldean Catholic Church. Alphonse was born to Paolus and Maryam Nano, and had seven siblings. Arrival in England In 1913 Mingana came to England at the invitation of J. Rendel Harris, Director of Studies at Woodbrooke Quaker Study Centre, a Quaker Settlement at Selly Oak in Birmingham. Mingana remained at Woodbrooke for two years where he met his future wife, Emma Sophie Floor, a Norwegian student. The couple were married in 1915. In the same year Mingana was appointed to the staff of the John Rylands Library in Manchester to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yehuda D
Judah or Yehuda is the name of a biblical patriarch, Judah (son of Jacob). It may also refer to: Historical ethnic, political and geographic terms * Tribe of Judah, one of the twelve Tribes of Israel; their allotment corresponds to Judah or Judaea * Judea, the name of part of the Land of Israel ** Kingdom of Judah, an Iron Age kingdom of the Southern Levant *** History of ancient Israel and Judah ** Yehud (Persian province), a name introduced in the Babylonian period ** Judaea (Roman province) People * Judah (given name), or Yehudah, including a list of people with the name * Judah (surname) Other uses * Judah, Indiana, a small town in the United States * N Judah, a light trail line in San Francisco, U.S. * Yehuda Matzos, an Israeli matzo company See also * Juda (other) * Judas (other) * Jude (other) * Jews, an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites and Hebrews of historical Israel and Judah * Judas Iscariot Judas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
