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Wattenwil
Wattenwil is a Municipalities of Switzerland, municipality in the administrative district of Thun (administrative district), Thun in the Cantons of Switzerland, canton of Bern (canton), Bern in Switzerland. History Wattenwil is first mentioned in 1226 as ''Watenwile''. The oldest traces of a settlement in the area are several Bronze Age graves around Vorderrainstrasse and Höstettli. During the Middle Ages Wattenwil was owned by the Counts of Neuchâtel-Nidau. After the murder of Albert I of Germany in 1308 by Duke John Parricida, the area was sold or Pledge (law), pledged to the Barons of Strättligen. The Barons held the villages until the extinction of their line in 1349, after which it was inherited by the Lords of Burgistein. The three settlements that today make up Wattenwil never had a central village, castle or manor house. However, it was the center of a High, middle and low justice, high court with gallows. In 1376, the city-state of Bern acquired control of the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thun (administrative District)
Thun District in the Canton of Bern, Switzerland was created on 1 January 2010. It is part of the Oberland administrative region. It contains 31 municipalities with an area of and a population () of 103,233. Mergers * On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Niederstocken, Oberstocken and Höfen merged into the municipality of Stocken-Höfen and the former municipality of Kienersrüti merged into the municipality of Uttigen.Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz accessed 13 December 2014 * On 1 January 2020 the former municipality of Schwendibach
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Gurzelen
Gurzelen is a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Gurzelen is first mentioned in 1230/31 as ''Gurcellun''. The oldest traces of a settlement in the area are individual neolithic artifacts which were found scattered around the municipality. Hallstatt tombs and a Roman era settlement provide evidence of further inhabitants. By the High Middle Ages the village and surround farmland was owned by a local noble. In the 13th century the estate was divided in half, each with its own village, church and castle. Obergurzelen had a church, a fortified tower and a village. Obergurzelen's tower appears in historical records from 1254 until 1353. Niedergurzelen had another church and a castle, known as the Gesäss, which was first mentioned in 1338. The two halves passed through several noble families, before being reunited and then divided again, this time into three portions. After passing through several additional owners, in 154 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rüti Bei Riggisberg
Rüti bei Riggisberg is a former municipality in the district of Seftigen in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On January 1, 2009, the Rüti bei Riggisberg became part of the municipality of Riggisberg. ''Die Justizkommission des Grossen Rats des Kantons Bern'' (Justice Commission of the High Council of Canton Bern) decision of 5 August 2008. accessed 16 July 2009 Geography Rüti bei Riggisberg has an area of . Of this area, 32.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while 64.3% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 2.1% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (1.5%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).Demographics Rüti bei Riggisberg has a population of 411. , 1.9% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blumenstein
Blumenstein is a Municipalities of Switzerland, municipality in the administrative district of Thun (administrative district), Thun, in the Cantons of Switzerland, canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Blumenstein is first mentioned in 1305 as ''Bluomenstein''. Tannenbühl, which became Outer-Blumenstein in 1859, was first mentioned in 1316 as Tannenbuel. Inner-Blumenstein was sold in 1348 by Peter von Raron to the city of Bern. Soon thereafter they sold the villages to a family that renamed themselves ''von Blumenstein''. They may have built a castle above the Fallbach as an ancestral seat. In 1386, they sold the village and over the following centuries portions of the village and surroundings were sold or inherited several times. The castle fell into disrepair and was demolished in 1606. In 1642 the last owner, Hans Franz von Wattenwyl, sold the village back to Bern. Under Bernese rule, it became part of the Seftigen district court. In 1652 Blumenstein and Thierachern w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burgistein
Burgistein is a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Burgistein is first mentioned in 1266 as ''Burgstein'' and in 1271 as ''Burgenstein''. The oldest traces of a settlement in the area include scattered neolithic artifacts and Roman coins. During the Early to High Middle Ages there was a hill fort on Bühlhölzli hill. Across from Bühlhölzli, on Schönegg hill, are the ruins of Blankenberg Castle, which was demolished in the second half of the 14th century. During the 13th century, Jordan I of Thun began buying up farming villages and land in the Gürbetal and surrounding valleys. In 1260 he combined the scattered estates into a ''Herrschaft'' and built Burgistein Castle. By 1266 he was calling himself Jordan von Burgistein after the castle. In 1340, after the Bernese victory in the Battle of Laupen in the previous year, Burgistein Castle was destroyed in retaliation for Burgistein support against Bern. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Language
French ( or ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the Latin spoken in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French ( Francien) largely supplanted. French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the ( Germanic) Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to France's past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French. French is an official language in 29 countries across multiple continents, most of which are members of the ''Organisation internationale de la Francophonie'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Language
Italian (''italiano'' or ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire. Together with Sardinian, Italian is the least divergent language from Latin. Spoken by about 85 million people (2022), Italian is an official language in Italy, Switzerland (Ticino and the Grisons), San Marino, and Vatican City. It has an official minority status in western Istria (Croatia and Slovenia). Italian is also spoken by large immigrant and expatriate communities in the Americas and Australia.Ethnologue report for language code:ita (Italy) – Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Online version Itali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albanian Language
Albanian ( endonym: or ) is an Indo-European language and an independent branch of that family of languages. It is spoken by the Albanians in the Balkans and by the Albanian diaspora, which is generally concentrated in the Americas, Europe and Oceania. With about 7.5 million speakers, it comprises an independent branch within the Indo-European languages and is not closely related to any other modern Indo-European language. Albanian was first attested in the 15th century and it is a descendant of one of the Paleo-Balkan languages of antiquity. For historical and geographical reasons,: "It is often thought (for obvious geographic reasons) that Albanian descends from ancient Illyrian (see above), but this cannot be ascertained as we know next to nothing about Illyrian itself." the prevailing opinion among modern historians and linguists is that the Albanian language is a descendant of a southern Illyrian dialect spoken in much the same region in classical times. Alternativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High, Middle And Low Justice
High, middle and low justices are notions dating from Western feudalism to indicate descending degrees of judicial power to administer justice by the maximal punishment the holders could inflict upon their subjects and other dependents. Low justice regards the level of day-to-day civil actions, including voluntary justice, minor pleas, and petty offences generally settled by fines or light corporal punishment. It was held by many lesser authorities, including many lords of the manor, who sat in justice over the serfs, unfree tenants, and freeholders on their land. Middle justice would involve full civil and criminal jurisdiction, except for capital crimes, and notably excluding the right to pass the death penalty, torture and severe corporal punishment, which was reserved to authorities holding high justice, or the ''ius gladii'' ("right of the sword"). Pyramid of feudal justice Although the terms ''high'' and ''low'' suggest a strict subordination, this was not quite the ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms
A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central element of the full achievement (heraldry), heraldic achievement, which in its whole consists of a shield, supporters, a crest (heraldry), crest, and a motto. A coat of arms is traditionally unique to an individual person, family, state, organization, school or corporation. The term itself of 'coat of arms' describing in modern times just the heraldic design, originates from the description of the entire medieval chainmail 'surcoat' garment used in combat or preparation for the latter. Roll of arms, Rolls of arms are collections of many coats of arms, and since the early Modern Age centuries, they have been a source of information for public showing and tracing the membership of a nobility, noble family, and therefore its genealogy across tim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The visual depiction of a coat of arms or flag has traditionally had considerable latitude in design, but a verbal blazon specifies the essentially distinctive elements. A coat of arms or flag is therefore primarily defined not by a picture but rather by the wording of its blazon (though in modern usage flags are often additionally and more precisely defined using geometrical specifications). ''Blazon'' is also the specialized language in which a blazon is written, and, as a verb, the act of writing such a description. ''Blazonry'' is the art, craft or practice of creating a blazon. The language employed in ''blazonry'' has its own vocabulary, grammar and syntax, which becomes essential for comprehension when blazoning a complex coat of arms. Ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gürbetal
Gürbetal (Gürbe Valley) in Switzerland lies between the towns of Bern and Thun, west of the Aare. It contains the municipality of Seftigen and those that surround it. The valley is named after the river Gürbe, which flows through it. The largest town in the Gürbe Valley is Belp. The Gürbe valley and the Aare valley are separated by the Belpberg hill. The Gürbe Valley is anywhere from 1 to 2 kilometers wide. The valley floor is flat and is used intensively for agriculture. Flooding in the valley has been controlled by canals to permit drainage of the surrounding area. This permits orchards and vegetable gardens to grow. Cabbage is the principal crop grown on the rich black valley floor. Sauerkraut from the cabbage is made at processing centers in Burgistein and Mühlethurnen Mühlethurnen is a former municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020 the former municipalities of Kirchenthurnen, Lohnstorf and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
