|
Winteraceae
Winteraceae is a primitive family of tropical trees and shrubs including 93 species in five genera. It is of particular interest because it is such a primitive angiosperm family, distantly related to Magnoliaceae, though it has a much more southern distribution. Plants in this family grow mostly in the southern hemisphere, and have been found in tropical to temperate climate regions of Malesia, Oceania, eastern Australia, New Zealand, Madagascar and the Neotropics, with most of the genera concentrated in Australasia and Malesia. The five genera, ''Takhtajania, Tasmannia, Drimys, Pseudowintera'', and ''Zygogynum s.l.'' all have distinct geographic extant populations. ''Takhtajania'' includes a single species, ''T. perrieri'', endemic only to Madagascar, ''Tasmannia'' has the largest distribution of genera in Winteraceae with species across the Philippines, Borneo, New Guinea, Eastern Australia, and Tasmannia, '' Drimys'' is found in the Neotropical realm, from southern Mexico to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudowintera
''Pseudowintera'' is a genus of woody evergreen flowering trees and shrubs, part of family Winteraceae. The species of ''Pseudowintera'' are native to New Zealand. Winteraceae are magnoliids, associated with the humid Antarctic flora of the southern hemisphere. Horopito can be chewed for a hot, peppery taste. *'' Pseudowintera axillaris'', is known as the lowland horopito. It is a shrub or small tree growing up to eight metres tall in lowland and lower montane forests from 35° to 42° South. In the South Island it grows West of the Main Divide. *''Pseudowintera colorata'', or mountain horopito, is an evergreen shrub or small tree (1–2.5 m) commonly called pepperwood because its leaves have a very hot bite. Its yellow and green leaves are blotched with red; new leaves in the spring are bright red. It is widespread throughout New Zealand, from lowland forests to higher montane forests, and from 36° 30' South as far southwards as Stewart Island/Rakiura. Because of its various use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tasmannia
''Tasmannia'' is a genus of woody, evergreen flowering plants of the family Winteraceae. The 40 species of ''Tasmannia'' are native to Australia, New Guinea, Sulawesi, Borneo, and the Philippines. The Winteraceae are magnoliids, and are associated with the humid Antarctic flora of the Southern Hemisphere. The members of the family generally have aromatic bark and leaves, and some are used to extract essential oils. The peppery-flavored fruits and leaves (especially dried) of this genus are increasingly used as a condiment in Australia. The peppery flavour can be attributed to polygodial. Taxonomy The first description of the genus was published by Robert Brown. The species of ''Tasmannia'' were formerly classified in genus '' Drimys'', a related group of Winteraceae native to the Neotropics. Recent studies have led to an increasing consensus among botanists to split the genus into two, with the Neotropical species remaining in genus ''Drimys'', and the Australasian species clas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drimys
''Drimys'' is a genus of about eight species of woody evergreen flowering plants, in the family Winteraceae. The species are native to the Neotropics, ranging from southern Mexico to the southern tip of South America. They are primitive dicots, associated with the humid temperate Antarctic flora of the Southern Hemisphere, which evolved millions of years ago on the ancient supercontinent of Gondwana. Members of the family generally have aromatic bark and leaves, and some are used to extract essential oils. ;Accepted species Seven species are currently accepted.''Drimys'' J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. ''Plants of the World Online'', Kew Science. Accessed 24 April 2022. *'' |
Takhtajania
''Takhtajania'' is a genus of flowering plants of the family Winteraceae, which contains a single species, ''Takhtajania perrieri''. It is endemic to Madagascar. ''Takhtajania'' is found in a small area of the Madagascar subhumid forests. It is a small evergreen tree or shrub, with shiny green lance-shaped leaves and reddish-pink flowers. The first known specimen of the plant was collected in 1909 on the Manongarivo Massif of central Madagascar at an elevation of 1700 meters. In 1963, the French botanist René Paul Raymond Capuron examined the unidentified plant sample, which he identified as a new species, which he named ''Bubbia perrieri'', after the French botanist Henri Perrier de la Bâthie, classifying it in the Australasian Winteraceae genus '' Bubbia''. In 1978, the botanists Baranova and J. F. Leroy reclassified the plant into its own genus, ''Takhtajania'', after the Russian botanist Armen Takhtajan Armen Leonovich Takhtajan or Takhtajian ( hy, Արմեն Լևո ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zygogynum
''Zygogynum'' is a genus of plant in the winter's bark family Winteraceae. 19 species are native to New Caledonia, and are pollinated primarily by beetles and moths. Other species are native to New Guinea (21 species), the Bismarck Archipelago (1 species), the Solomon Islands (2 species), Lord Howe Island (1 species), and Queensland (2 species)."''Zygogynum'' Baill." Plants of the World Online, Kew Science. Accessed 24 April 2022. This genus is interesting for having the greatest range in the number of stamens in any genus: as few as three or as many as 370; a 123 fold difference in the number of stamens. The number of carpels can range from one to as many as fifty. Species The genus includes 45 accepted species: * ''Zygogynum acsmithii'' Vink – southeastern New Caledonia * '' Zygogynum amplexicaule'' (Vieill. ex P.Parm.) Vink – northern and western New Caledonia * '' Zygogynum archboldianum'' (A.C.Sm.) Vink – western New Guinea * '' Zygogynum argenteum'' (A.C.Sm.) Vink ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vessel Element
A vessel element or vessel member (also called trachea or xylem vessel) is one of the cell types found in xylem, the water conducting tissue of plants. Vessel elements are typically found in angiosperms (flowering plants) but absent from most gymnosperms such as conifers. Vessel elements are the main feature distinguishing the "hardwood" of angiosperms from the " softwood" of conifers. Morphology Xylem is the tissue in vascular plants that conducts water (and substances dissolved in it) upwards in a plant. There are two kinds of cell that are involved in the actual transport: tracheids and vessel elements. Tracheids & vessel elements make the tracheary elements of xylem.Vessel elements are the building blocks of vessels, which constitute the major part of the water transporting system in those plants in which they occur. Vessels form an efficient system for transporting water (including necessary minerals) from the root to the leaves and other parts of the plant. In secondary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area.Sayre, April Pulley (1999), ''Africa'', Twenty-First Century Books. . With billion people as of , it accounts for about of the world's human population. Africa's population is the youngest amongst all the continents; the median age in 2012 was 19.7, when the worldwide median age was 30.4. Despite a wide range of natural resources, Africa is the least wealthy continent per capita and second-least wealthy by total wealth, behind Oceania. Scholars have attributed this to different factors including geography, climate, tribalism, colonialism, the Cold War, neocolonialism, lack of democracy, and corruption. Despite this low concentration of wealth, recent economic expansion and the large and young population make Afr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea, and shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan to the east, and Egypt to the southwest. Israel also is bordered by the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively. Tel Aviv is the economic and technological center of the country, while its seat of government is in its proclaimed capital of Jerusalem, although Israeli sovereignty over East Jerusalem is unrecognized internationally. The land held by present-day Israel witnessed some of the earliest human occupations outside Africa and was among the earliest known sites of agriculture. It was inhabited by the Canaanites ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleocene
The Paleocene, ( ) or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 mya (unit), million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek ''palaiós'' meaning "old" and the Eocene Epoch (which succeeds the Paleocene), translating to "the old part of the Eocene". The epoch is bracketed by two major events in Earth's history. The K–Pg extinction event, brought on by Chicxulub impact, an asteroid impact and possibly volcanism, marked the beginning of the Paleocene and killed off 75% of living species, most famously the non-avian dinosaurs. The end of the epoch was marked by the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which was a major climatic event wherein about 2,500–4,500 gigatons of carbon were released into the atmosphere and ocean systems, causing a spike in global temperatures and ocean acidification. In the Pal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danian
The Danian is the oldest age or lowest stage of the Paleocene Epoch or Series, of the Paleogene Period or System, and of the Cenozoic Era or Erathem. The beginning of the Danian (and the end of the preceding Maastrichtian) is at the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event . The age ended , being followed by the Selandian. Stratigraphic definitions The Danian was introduced in scientific literature by German-Swiss geologist Pierre Jean Édouard Desor in 1847 following a study of fossils found in France and Denmark.Danien He identified this stage in deposits from |
Robert Brown (Scottish Botanist From Montrose)
Robert Brown (21 December 1773 – 10 June 1858) was a Scottish botanist and paleobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope. His contributions include one of the earliest detailed descriptions of the cell nucleus and cytoplasmic streaming; the observation of Brownian motion; early work on plant pollination and fertilisation, including being the first to recognise the fundamental difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms; and some of the earliest studies in palynology. He also made numerous contributions to plant taxonomy, notably erecting a number of plant families that are still accepted today; and numerous Australian plant genera and species, the fruit of his exploration of that continent with Matthew Flinders. Early life Robert Brown was born in Montrose, Angus, Montrose on 21 December 1773, in a house that existed on the site where Montrose Library currently stands. He was the son of James Brown (Scottis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.svg "Click for more on -> Africa")
.jpg "Click for more on -> Robert Brown (Scottish Botanist From Montrose)")