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Wetum Road
Wetum Road is a Winter road servicing the Moose Cree First Nation in Northern Ontario. The road is named for local councillors Peter Wesley (We) and Robert Echum or Robert Tum (tum). The road is approximately long from Otter Rapids, Ontario to Moose Factory 68 just outside Moose Factory. The south end then connects to Ontario Highway 634 in Fraserdale, Ontario to Smooth Rock Falls, Ontario where it connections to Ontario Highway 11 on to either Thunder Bay, Ontario or south to Toronto via Ontario Highway 400. The road provides a key route to connect remote communities with areas to the south. Maintained annually since 2013, the road's construction and use depends on the weather each winter. The unpredictable season has prompted calls to construct a year round gravel road. Contractors are hired by Moose Cree First Nation, as the road is not part of the provincial highway system. Coastal Winter Road runs from the opposite side of Moose Cree 68 on Moose River to Fort Albany, Kas ...
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Winter Road
A winter road is a seasonal road only usable during the winter, i.e. it has to be re-built every year. This road typically runs over land and over frozen lakes, rivers, swamps, and sea ice.Proskin et al, 2011. Guidelines for the Construction and Operation of Winter Roads, Transportation Association of Canada.- IHSA, 2014. Best practices for building and working safely on ice covers in Ontario, Mississauga, Ontario, 43 p.- NorthWest Territories Transportation, 2015. Guidelines for safe ice construction, Yellowknife, NWT, Canada, 44 p.Spencer, P.A., Strandberg, A.G. and Maddock, W.A., 2008. Ice and toundra road design for module transport, Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Ships and Marine Structures in Cold Regions (ICETECH), Banff. Segments of a winter road that cross an expanse of floating ice are also referred to as an ice road or an ice bridge. The foundations underlying over-land segments is most often native soil or muskeg frozen to a given depth, and local ...
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Ontario Highway 11
King's Highway 11, commonly referred to as Highway 11, is a Ontario Provincial Highway Network, provincially maintained highway in the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario. At , it is the second longest highway in the province, following Ontario Highway 17, Highway 17. Highway11 begins at Ontario Highway 400, Highway 400 in Barrie, and arches through northern Ontario to the Ontario–Minnesota border at Rainy River, Ontario, Rainy River via Thunder Bay; the road continues as Minnesota State Highway 72 across the Baudette–Rainy River International Bridge. North and west of North Bay, Ontario, North Bay (as well as for a short distance through Orillia), Highway11 forms part of the Trans-Canada Highway. The highway is also part of MOM's Way between Thunder Bay and Rainy River. The original section of Highway11 along Yonge Street was colloquially known as "Main Street Ontario", and was one of the first roads in what would later become Onta ...
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Tibbitt To Contwoyto Winter Road
Tibbitt to Contwoyto Winter Road is an annual ice road first built in 1982 to service mines and exploration activities in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut in Northern Canada. Between long, the road is said to be the world's longest heavy haul ice road and operates for eight to ten weeks starting in the last week of January. Most of the road (85%–87%) is built over frozen lakes, , with the remaining built on over 64 land portages between lakes. Construction and operation The winter road is constructed by Nuna Logistics and RTL-Robinson every January and takes about six weeks to complete. The first vehicle along each season is a Swedish-made Hägglund army-type reconnaissance vehicle designed to float if it falls through the ice; it tows an ice-thickness-detecting sonar. This is followed by road building equipment including "specialized low ground pressure equipment". The road, built extra wide to avoid blockages during blizzards and to allow opposing trucks to pass, is k ...
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Attawapiskat River
The Attawapiskat River () is a river in Kenora District in northwestern Ontario, Canada, that flows east from Attawapiskat Lake to James Bay. It is the third largest river entirely in Ontario. Course The Attawapiskat River travels a distance of , and has a drainage area of . It is the third largest river entirely in Ontario. The source of the river is Attawapiskat Lake at an elevation of . The main rivers flowing into the lake that are thus part of the Attawapiskat River drainage basin are the Marten-Drinking River, the Otoskwin River and the Pineimuta River. There are two outflows from the Attawapiskat Lake into the Attawapiskat River: a southern and a northern channel. The southern channel is named by the Atlas of Canada as the Attawapiskat River, and is the source location listed in the Infobox at right. The northern channel is named by the Atlas of Canada as the North Channel, and is the more easily navigated route for canoeing. The North Channel outflow from Attawapiskat L ...
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Moose Cree 68
The moose (in North America) or elk (in Eurasia) (''Alces alces'') is a member of the New World deer subfamily and is the only species in the genus ''Alces''. It is the largest and heaviest extant species in the deer family. Most adult male moose have distinctive broad, palmate ("open-hand shaped") antlers; most other members of the deer family have antlers with a dendritic ("twig-like") configuration. Moose typically inhabit boreal forests and temperate broadleaf and mixed forests of the Northern Hemisphere in temperate to subarctic climates. Hunting and other human activities have caused a reduction in the size of the moose's range over time. It has been reintroduced to some of its former habitats. Currently, most moose occur in Canada, Alaska, New England (with Maine having the most of the lower 48 states), New York State, Fennoscandia, the Baltic states, Poland, Kazakhstan, and Russia. Its diet consists of both terrestrial and aquatic vegetation. Predators of moose incl ...
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Ontario Highway 400
King's Highway 400, commonly referred to as Highway400, historically as the Toronto–Barrie Highway, and colloquially as the400, is a 400-series highway The 400-series highways are a network of controlled-access highways throughout the southern portion of the Canadian province of Ontario, forming a special subset of the provincial highway system. They are analogous to the Interstate Highway ... in the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario linking the city of Toronto in the Southern Ontario, urban and agricultural south of the province with the scenic and sparsely populated Central Ontario, central and Northern Ontario, northern regions. The portion of the highway between Toronto and Lake Simcoe roughly traces the route of the Toronto Carrying-Place Trail, a historic trail between the Lower and Upper Great Lakes. North of Ontario Highway 12, Highway 12, in combination with Ontario Highway 69, Highway 69, it forms a branch of the Trans-Canada ...
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Toronto
Toronto ( ; or ) is the capital city of the Canadian province of Ontario. With a recorded population of 2,794,356 in 2021, it is the most populous city in Canada and the fourth most populous city in North America. The city is the anchor of the Golden Horseshoe, an urban agglomeration of 9,765,188 people (as of 2021) surrounding the western end of Lake Ontario, while the Greater Toronto Area proper had a 2021 population of 6,712,341. Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, sports and culture, and is recognized as one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world. Indigenous peoples have travelled through and inhabited the Toronto area, located on a broad sloping plateau interspersed with rivers, deep ravines, and urban forest, for more than 10,000 years. After the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase, when the Mississauga surrendered the area to the British Crown, the British established the town of York in 1793 and later designat ...
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Thunder Bay, Ontario
Thunder Bay is a city in and the seat of Thunder Bay District, Ontario, Canada. It is the most populous municipality in Northwestern Ontario and the second most populous (after Greater Sudbury) municipality in Northern Ontario; its population is 108,843 according to the 2021 Canadian Census. Located on Lake Superior, the census metropolitan area of Thunder Bay has a population of 123,258 and consists of the city of Thunder Bay, the municipalities of Oliver Paipoonge and Neebing, the townships of Shuniah, Conmee, O'Connor, and Gillies, and the Fort William First Nation. European settlement in the region began in the late 17th century with a French fur trading outpost on the banks of the Kaministiquia River.Brief History of Thunder Bay
City of Thunder Bay. Retrieved 5 ...
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Smooth Rock Falls, Ontario
Smooth Rock Falls is an incorporated town in the Cochrane District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada, with a population of 1,330 at the 2016 census. Geography and transportation The town lies on the Mattagami River and on Highway 11. The next full-service towns in each direction are Cochrane, about 59 km (37 mi) to the east and slightly south by road, and Kapuskasing, about 65 km (40 mi) to the west and slightly north. Highway 634 connects Smooth Rock Falls northward with the community of Fraserdale, and Highway 655, starting in Driftwood east of Smooth Rock Falls, provides easier access to Timmins, the dominant regional centre, about 102 km (63 m) south by that route. The town is served by the Ontario Northland Railway for freight service, and by Ontario Northland passenger buses. Economy The Smooth Rock Falls economy was dominated by the Tembec Malette pulp mill, which was closed on December 5, 2006. Prior to that, the mill had been in a state o ...
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Moose Cree First Nation
The Moose Cree First Nation (formerly known as Moose Factory Band of Indians) ( cr, ᒨᓱᓂᔨ ᐃᓕᓕᐗᒃ, môsoniyi ililiwak) is a Cree First Nation band government in northern Ontario, Canada. Their traditional territory is on the west side of James Bay. The nation has two reserves: Factory Island 1 (the northern two-thirds of Moose Factory Island); and Moose Factory 68, a tract of land about 15 km upstream on the Moose River covering . Name The name "Moose Factory" comes from its location on the Moose River, as well as from the fur trade era. The officer in charge of the trading post was referred to as the "factor." Another account is that the name originates from the name of the river and a furniture factory that was once located within the community. History The Cree are an indigenous people of the Subarctic, who historically hunted and gathered in seasonal migrations. In summer, they traveled on waterways by canoe: fishing and harvesting berries and other food ...
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Fraserdale, Ontario
Fraserdale is an unincorporated place and railroad point in Unorganized Cochrane, North Part in Cochrane District, Northern Ontario, Canada. It is located north of Timmins along the Ontario Northland Railway. The community/train stop was named for Alan Fraser, a railway engineer, and is counted as part of Unorganized Cochrane, North Part in Canadian census data. The neighbouring community Abitibi Canyon ( east) on the Abitibi River was the most extensive community ever built by the Ontario Hydro Electric Power Commission. It was home to 1500 residents and was established to house employees of Abitibi Canyon Generating Station. Fraserdale is connected to Smooth Rock Falls on Ontario Highway 11 to the south and to Abitibi Canyon to the northeast via Ontario Highway 634 Secondary Highway 634, commonly referred to as Highway 634, is a remote highway in Northern Ontario that connects Ontario Highway 11, Highway 11 in Smooth Rock Falls, Ontario, Smooth Rock Falls to the Abi ...
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Ontario Highway 634
Secondary Highway 634, commonly referred to as Highway 634, is a remote highway in Northern Ontario that connects Ontario Highway 11, Highway 11 in Smooth Rock Falls, Ontario, Smooth Rock Falls to the Abitibi Canyon Generating Station in the community of Abitibi Canyon, Ontario. It is the second highway in Ontario to be designated Highway 634, with the original Highway 634 being near Greater Sudbury, Sudbury. The current routing was at first designated as Ontario Highway 807, Highway 807, but was renumbered in 1977. The road was re-aligned around the eastern part of Smooth Rock Falls in the mid-1990s. As of 2019, the entire route is paved. Services along the route are only available within Smooth Rock Falls. Two additional communities exist along Highway 634: Brownrigg, Ontario, Brownrigg and Fraserdale, Ontario, Fraserdale. Route description Highway 634 is an isolated bush highway that connects Highway 11 in the community of Smooth Rock Falls ...
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