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West Siberian Plain
The West Siberian Plain (russian: За́падно-Сиби́рская равни́на ''Zapadno-Sibirskaya ravnina'') is a large plain that occupies the western portion of Siberia, between the Ural Mountains in the west and the Yenisei, Yenisei River in the east, and by the Altai Mountains on the southeast. Much of the plain is poorly drained and consists of some of the world's largest swamps and floodplains. Important cities include Chelyabinsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, and Tomsk, as well as Surgut and Nizhnevartovsk. Winters on the West Siberian Plain are harsh and long. The climate of most of the plain areas is either subarctic or continental. The plain had large petroleum and natural gas reserves. Most of Russia’s oil and gas production was extracted from this area during the 1970s and 80s. Geography The West Siberian Plain is located east of the Ural Mountains mostly in the territory of Russia. It is one of the Great Russian Regions and has been described as the world's l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasyugan
The Vasyugan (russian: Васюга́н) is a river in the southern West Siberian Plain of Russia. It is a tributary of the Ob on the left side, and its course from its source in the Vasyugan Swamp is entirely within the Kargasok district of Tomsk Oblast. Statistics The river is long and is navigable upriver for from the mouth. The Vasyugan drains a basin of . Average annual runoff: 345 m³ / c, 10.9 km³ / year. Tributaries: * Right hand: Yelizarovka, Petryak, Yershovka, Kalganak, Pyonorovka, Nyurolka, Zimnyaya, Chizhapka, Pasil, Silga, Naushka, Kochebilovka, Lozunga. * Left hand: Bolshoy Petryak, Listvenka, Korovya, Staritsa, Garchak, Kyn, Glukhaya, Chertala, Yagylyakh, Yegolyakh, Olenyovka, Kelvat, Lontynyakh, Katylga, Cheremshanka, Prudovaya, Makhnya, Martynovka, Varingyogan, Yokhomyakh, Chebachya, Kacharma, Malaya Kuletka. Municipalities (downstream from source): Novy Vasyugan, Aypolovo, Novy Tevriz Novy Tevriz (russian: Новый Тевриз) is a rural locali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural Gas
Natural gas (also called fossil gas or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes. Low levels of trace gases like carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and helium are also usually present. Natural gas is colorless and odorless, so odorizers such as mercaptan (which smells like sulfur or rotten eggs) are commonly added to natural gas supplies for safety so that leaks can be readily detected. Natural gas is a fossil fuel and non-renewable resource that is formed when layers of organic matter (primarily marine microorganisms) decompose under anaerobic conditions and are subjected to intense heat and pressure underground over millions of years. The energy that the decayed organisms originally obtained from the sun via photosynthesis is stored as chemical energy within the molecules of methane and other hydrocarbons. Natural gas can be burned fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
The ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' (GSE; ) is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, published in the Soviet Union from 1926 to 1990. After 2002, the encyclopedia's data was partially included into the later ''Bolshaya rossiyskaya entsiklopediya'' (or '' Great Russian Encyclopedia'') in an updated and revised form. The GSE claimed to be "the first Marxist–Leninist general-purpose encyclopedia". Origins The idea of the ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' emerged in 1923 on the initiative of Otto Schmidt, a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In early 1924 Schmidt worked with a group which included Mikhail Pokrovsky, (rector of the Institute of Red Professors), Nikolai Meshcheryakov (Former head of the Glavit, the State Administration of Publishing Affairs), Valery Bryusov (poet), Veniamin Kagan (mathematician) and Konstantin Kuzminsky to draw up a proposal which was agreed to in April 1924. Also involved was Anatoly Lunacharsky, People's Commissar of Education ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Siberian Plateau
The Central Siberian Plateau (russian: Среднесибирское плоскогорье, Srednesibirskoye ploskogorye; sah, Орто Сибиир хаптал хайалаах сирэ) is a vast mountainous area in Siberia, one of the Great Russian Regions. Geography The plateau occupies a great part of central Siberia between the Yenisei and Lena rivers. It is located in the Siberian Platform and extends over an area of , between the Yenisei in the west and the Central Yakutian Lowland in the east. To the south it is bound by the Altai Mountains, Salair Ridge, Kuznetsk Alatau, the Eastern and Western Sayan Mountains and other mountains of Tuva, as well as the North Baikal Highlands and Baikal Mountains. To the north of the plateau lie the North Siberian Lowland and to the east the plateau gives way to the Central Yakutian Lowland and the Lena Plateau. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marshland
A marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous rather than woody plant species.Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p Marshes can often be found at the edges of lakes and streams, where they form a transition between the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. They are often dominated by grasses, rushes or reeds. If woody plants are present they tend to be low-growing shrubs, and the marsh is sometimes called a carr. This form of vegetation is what differentiates marshes from other types of wetland such as swamps, which are dominated by trees, and mires, which are wetlands that have accumulated deposits of acidic peat. Marshes provide habitats for many kinds of invertebrates, fish, amphibians, waterfowl and aquatic mammals. This biological productivity means that marshes contain 0.1% of global sequestered terrestrial carbon. Moreover, they have an outsized influence on climate resil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taz (river)
The Taz (russian: Таз) is a river located in western Siberia, has a length of and drains a basin estimated at . Its middle and lower course are located within Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, while its upper course borders with Krasnoyarsk Krai. The now ruined city of Mangazeya was located by the Taz. Course The Taz begins near Lake Dynda, Siberian Uvaly, a hilly area of the West Siberian Plain. It flows roughly northwestwards across largely uninhabited areas. Its mouth is in the Taz Estuary, a roughly long estuary that begins in the area of the settlement of Tazovsky and ends in the Gulf of Ob. A portage connects the Taz with the Turukhan and the Yenisey. There are numerous lakes in its basin, such as the Chyortovo. Its major tributaries include the Bolshaya Shirta and Khudosey from the right and the Tolka and Chaselka from the left.''Таз'' // Great Soviet Encyclopedia, in 30 vols. / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov. - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969 See also *Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pur (Russia)
The Pur (russian: Пур) is a river in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It has a length of — counting the length of the Pyakupur at its head. The area of its basin is . The Urengoy gas field and Gubkin gas and oil field are located in the basin of the Pur. Course The Pur is formed at the confluence of the Pyakupur and Ayvasedapur rivers, which have their sources in the northern slopes of the Siberian Uvaly. It flows roughly northwards across the northern West Siberian Plain, meandering strongly. In its lower course its channel divided into branches. Purovsky District is named after the river. Just a few miles west of the mouth of the Taz, the Pur flows into the Taz Estuary, which is connected through the Gulf of Ob with the Kara Sea. The river freezes up in November and stays icebound until May. See also *List of rivers of Russia Russia can be divided into a European and an Asian part. The dividing line is generally considered to be the Ural Mountains. The E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nadym River
The Nadym (russian: Нады́м) is a river in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia. The length of the Nadym is . The area of its basin is . It is known for having a very rickety pontoon bridge for summer use while winter roads go over the ice. A new fixed bridge for combined road and rail use is to be finished by the end of 2015. Course The river originates in Lake Numto, in the Siberian Uvaly and flows into the Kara Sea through the Gulf of Ob. Its mouth is very near to the mouth of the Ob. It freezes up in October and stays under the ice until late May. The Levaya Khetta is one of the biggest tributaries of the Nadym. The town of Nadym Nadym (russian: Нады́м, Selkup: Ня́рэм, Nấrém) is a town in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on the river Nadym. The population has fluctuated: Etymology There are three several translations from the Nenets lang ... is located on the river Nadym. References Rivers of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ob (river)
} The Ob ( rus, Обь, p=opʲ: Ob') is a major river in Russia. It is in western Siberia; and together with Irtysh forms the world's seventh-longest river system, at . It forms at the confluence of the Biya and Katun which have their origins in the Altai Mountains. It is the westernmost of the three great Siberian rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean (the other two being the Yenisei and the Lena). Its flow is north-westward, then northward. The main city on its banks is Novosibirsk, the largest city in Siberia, and the third-largest city in Russia. It is where the Trans-Siberian Railway crosses the river. The Gulf of Ob is the world's longest estuary. Names The internationally known name of the river is based on the Russian name ''Обь'' (''Obʹ'' ). Possibly from Proto-Indo-Iranian '' *Hā́p-'', "river, water" (compare Vedic ''áp-'', Persian ''āb'', Tajik ''ob'', and Pashto ''obə'', "water"). Katz (1990) proposes Komi ''ob'' 'river' as the immediate source of deri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irtysh
The Irtysh ( otk, 𐰼𐱅𐰾:𐰇𐰏𐰕𐰏, Ertis ügüzüg, mn, Эрчис мөрөн, ''Erchis mörön'', "erchleh", "twirl"; russian: Иртыш; kk, Ертіс, Ertis, ; Chinese: 额尔齐斯河, pinyin: ''É'ěrqísī hé'', Xiao'erjing: عَعَرٿِسِ حْ; ug, إيرتيش, Әртиш, ''Ertish''; tt-Cyrl, Иртеш, , , Siberian Tatar: Эйәртеш, ''Eya’rtes’'') is a river in Russia, China, and Kazakhstan. It is the chief tributary of the Ob and is also the second longest tributary river in the world after Paraná River. The river's source lies in the Mongolian Altai in Dzungaria (the northern part of Xinjiang, China) close to the border with Mongolia. The Irtysh's main tributaries include the Tobol, Demyanka and the Ishim. The Ob-Irtysh system forms a major drainage basin in Asia, encompassing most of Western Siberia and the Altai Mountains. Geography From its origins as the ''Kara-Irtysh'' (Vast Irtysh, kara means Vast in Turkic language ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yenisey
The Yenisey (russian: Енисе́й, ''Yeniséy''; mn, Горлог мөрөн, ''Gorlog mörön''; Buryat: Горлог мүрэн, ''Gorlog müren''; Tuvan: Улуг-Хем, ''Uluğ-Hem''; Khakas: Ким суғ, ''Kim suğ''; Ket: Ӄук, ''Quk''; Nenets: Ензя-ям’, ''Enzja-jam''), also romanised as Yenisei, Enisei, or Jenisej, is the fifth-longest river system in the world, and the largest to drain into the Arctic Ocean. Rising in Mungaragiyn-gol in Mongolia, it follows a northerly course before draining into the Yenisey Gulf in the Kara Sea. The Yenisey divides the Western Siberian Plain in the west from the Central Siberian Plateau to the east; it drains a large part of central Siberia. It is the central one of three large Siberian rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean (the other two being the Ob and the Lena). The maximum depth of the Yenisey is and the average depth is . The depth of river outflow is and inflow is . Geography The Yenisey proper, from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctic Ocean
The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceans. It spans an area of approximately and is known as the coldest of all the oceans. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) recognizes it as an ocean, although some oceanographers call it the Arctic Mediterranean Sea. It has been described approximately as an estuary of the Atlantic Ocean. It is also seen as the northernmost part of the all-encompassing World Ocean. The Arctic Ocean includes the North Pole region in the middle of the Northern Hemisphere and extends south to about 60°N. The Arctic Ocean is surrounded by Eurasia and North America, and the borders follow topographic features: the Bering Strait on the Pacific side and the Greenland Scotland Ridge on the Atlantic side. It is mostly covered by sea ice throughout the year and almost completely in winter. The Arctic Ocean's surface temperature and salinity vary seasonally as the ice cover melts and freezes; its salinity is t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
