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War Of The Hungarian Succession
The War of the Hungarian Succession (1490–1494) was a war of succession triggered by the death of King Matthias Corvinus I of Hungary and Croatia (r. 1458–1490). Name There is no commonly used name for this war in historiography. However, there is agreement in historical literature that the casus belli was the death of Matthias Corvinus, who except for his illegitimate son John Corvinus had no legitimate heir, and thus several rival claimants began to wage war to succeed him as king of Hungary and Croatia. Descriptions that have been used by various scholars include 'War of (the) Hungarian Succession' and 'the succession struggle'. Claimants * John Corvinus (Hungarian: ''Corvin János''), the illegitimate son of Matthias Corvinus and his mistress Barbara Edelpöck. Matthias had spent the last few years of his life primarily to securing John as his successor. * Vladislaus (alias ''Vladislav'', ''Wladislas'' and ''Ulászló''), the king of Bohemia, from the Jagiellonia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Of Succession
A war of succession is a war prompted by a succession crisis in which two or more individuals claim the Order of succession, right of successor to a demise of the Crown, deceased or deposition (politics), deposed monarch. The rivals are typically supported by Political faction, factions within the Court (royal), royal court. Foreign powers sometimes Interventionism (politics)#Foreign interventionism, intervene, alliance, allying themselves with a faction. This may widen the war into one between those powers. Wars of succession were some of the most prevalent types of Casus belli#Categorisation, wars by cause throughout human history, but the replacement of absolute monarchy, absolute monarchies by an international order based on democracy with constitutional monarchy, constitutional monarchies or republics ended almost all such wars by 1900. Terminology Descriptions In historiography and literature, a ''war of succession'' may also be referred to as a ''succession disput ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peace Treaty Of Wiener Neustadt
The Peace Treaty of Wiener Neustadt was a treaty between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Holy Roman Empire. It was preceded by the Truce of Radkersburg and followed by the Peace of Pressburg. It deals with succession issues and ascertains the territory mortgages in Moson, Sopron and Vas counties. Background After the death of King Ladislaus V in Prague on 23 January 1458, Matthias was proclaimed King of Hungary at Buda, with the help of his uncle Michael Szilágyi. Meanwhile, in February 1459 Nicholas of Ilok joined by some other discontent Hungarian counts elected Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III as the Hungarian King in Ilok's castle at Güssing. Frederick claimed the throne as his rightful inheritance from Albert II of Germany. Pius II became Pope in 1458 only 5 years after the Ottomans conquered Byzantium. Afraid of further Turkish aggression, he called for a crusade. He wanted to reconcile the two kings who both sought each other's crown. Frederick held an advantage, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Army Of Hungary
The Black Army ( hu, Fekete sereg, pronounced , Latin: Legio Nigra), also called the Black Legion/Regiment – possibly after their black armor panoply – is a common name given to the military forces serving under the reign of King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary. The ancestor and core of this early standing mercenary army appeared in the era of his father John Hunyadi in the early 1440s. The idea of the professional standing mercenary army came from Matthias' juvenile readings about the life of Julius Caesar. Hungary's Black Army traditionally encompasses the years from 1458 to 1494. The mercenary soldiers of other countries in the era were conscripted from the general population at times of crisis, and soldiers worked as bakers, farmers, brick-makers, etc. for most of the year. In contrast, the men of the Black Army fought as well-paid, full-time mercenaries and were purely devoted to the arts of warfare. It was a standing mercenary army that conquered large parts of Archduchy o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peace Of Pressburg (1491)
The second Peace of Pressburg (also known as the Treaty of Pressburg) was a peace treaty concluded in Pressburg (then Pozsony, today's Bratislava) that brought a resolution to the earlier Austrian-Hungarian War (1477-1488). It was signed on 7 November 1491 between King of the Romans Maximilian I and King Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary. Under this agreement, Vladislaus renounced his claim on Lower Austria and agreed that Maximilian should succeed to the Hungarian crown if Vladislaus left no legitimate male issue. Vladislaus did have a son in 1506, however, so this condition had no effect. The assembly of nobility of the Kingdom of Hungary that led to the treaty had gathered a total of 63 dignitaries from the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Kingdom of Hungary. The treaty reiterated an earlier agreement about royal succession that had been reached by Maximilian's father, Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich III, with Mathias Corvinus of Hungary. References {{Treaties of Hungary 14 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veszprém
Veszprém (; german: Weißbrunn, sl, Belomost) is one of the oldest urban areas in Hungary, and a city with county rights. It lies approximately north of the Lake Balaton. It is the administrative center of the county (comitatus or 'megye') of the same name. Etymology The name of the city originates from a Slavic personal name ''Bezprem'' or ''Bezprym'' (Proto-Slavic ''Bezprěmъ'') meaning "stubborn", "self-confident, not willing to retreat". ''Besprem'' (before 1002), ''Vezprem'' (1086), ''Bezpremensis'' (1109). The form ''Vezprem'' originates in early medieval scribal habits and frequent exchange of ''B'' and ''V'' under the influence of Greek. The city was named either after a chieftain, or the son of Judith of Hungary, who settled here after her husband Boleslaus I of Poland expelled her and her son. Location and legend The city can be reached via the M7 highway and Road 8. It can also be reached from Győr via Road 82 and from Székesfehérvár via Road 8. Accordin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szombathely
Szombathely (; german: Steinamanger, ; see also other alternative names) is the 10th largest city in Hungary. It is the administrative centre of Vas county in the west of the country, located near the border with Austria. Szombathely lies by the streams ''Perint'' and ''Gyöngyös'' (literally "pearly"), where the Alpokalja (Lower Alps) mountains meet the Little Hungarian Plain. The oldest city in Hungary, it is known as the birthplace of Saint Martin of Tours. Etymology The name ''Szombathely'' is from Hungarian ''szombat'', "Saturday" and ''hely'', "place", referring to its status as a market town, and the medieval markets held on Saturday every week. Once a year during August they hold a carnival to remember the history of "Savaria". The Latin name ''Savaria'' or ''Sabaria'' comes from ''Sibaris'', the Latin name of the river ''Gyöngyös'' (German ''Güns''). The root of the word is the Proto-Indo-European word ''*seu'', meaning "wet". The Austrian overflowing of the Gyö ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esztergom
Esztergom ( ; german: Gran; la, Solva or ; sk, Ostrihom, known by alternative names) is a city with county rights in northern Hungary, northwest of the capital Budapest. It lies in Komárom-Esztergom County, on the right bank of the river Danube, which forms the border with Slovakia there. Esztergom was the capital of Hungary from the 10th until the mid-13th century when King Béla IV of Hungary moved the royal seat to Buda. Esztergom is the seat of the ''prímás'' (see Primate) of the Roman Catholic Church in Hungary, and the former seat of the Constitutional Court of Hungary. The city has a Christian Museum with the largest ecclesiastical collection in Hungary. Its cathedral, Esztergom Basilica, is the largest church in Hungary. Toponym The Roman town was called ''Solva''. The medieval Latin name was ''Strigonium''. The first early medieval mention is "''ſtrigonensis trigonensiscomes''" (1079-1080). The first interpretation of the name was suggested by Antonio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Košice
Košice ( , ; german: Kaschau ; hu, Kassa ; pl, Коszyce) is the largest city in eastern Slovakia. It is situated on the river Hornád at the eastern reaches of the Slovak Ore Mountains, near the border with Hungary. With a population of approximately 230,000, Košice is the second-largest city in Slovakia, after the capital Bratislava. Being the economic and cultural centre of eastern Slovakia, Košice is the seat of the Košice Region and Košice Self-governing Region, and is home to the Slovak Constitutional Court, three universities, various dioceses, and many museums, galleries, and theatres. In 2013 Košice was the European Capital of Culture, together with Marseille, France. Košice is an important industrial centre of Slovakia, and the U.S. Steel Košice steel mill is the largest employer in the city. The town has extensive railway connections and an international airport. The city has a preserved historical centre which is the largest among Slovak towns. There are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Székesfehérvár
Székesfehérvár (; german: Stuhlweißenburg ), known colloquially as Fehérvár ("white castle"), is a city in central Hungary, and the country's ninth-largest city. It is the regional capital of Central Transdanubia, and the centre of Fejér County and Székesfehérvár District. The area is an important rail and road junction between Lake Balaton and Lake Velence. Székesfehérvár, a royal residence (''székhely''), as capital of the Kingdom of Hungary, held a central role in the Middle Ages. As required by the Doctrine of the Holy Crown, the first kings of Hungary were crowned and buried here. Significant trade routes led to the Balkans and Italy, and to Buda and Vienna. Historically the city has come under Ottoman and Habsburg control, and was known in many languages by translations of " white castle" – hr, Stolni Biograd, german: Stuhlweißenburg, la, Alba Regia, ota, İstolni Belgrad, sr, Stoni Beograd, sk, Stoličný Belehrad. History Pre-Hungarian The place ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danube River
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , passing through or bordering Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova, and Ukraine before draining into the Black Sea. Its drainage basin extends into nine more countries. The largest cities on the river are Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade and Bratislava, all of which are the capitals of their respective countries; the Danube passes through four capital cities, more than any other river in the world. Five more capital cities lie in the Danube's basin: Bucharest, Sofia, Zagreb, Ljubljana and Sarajevo. The fourth-largest city in its basin is Munich, the capital of Bavaria, standing on the Isar River. The Danube is the second-longest river in Europe, after the Volga in Russia. It flows through much of Central and Sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pest, Hungary
Pest () is the eastern, mostly flat part of Budapest, Hungary, comprising about two-thirds of the city's territory. It is separated from Buda and Óbuda, the western parts of Budapest, by the Danube River. Among its most notable sights are the Inner City (Budapest), Inner City, the Hungarian Parliament Building, Heroes' Square (Budapest), Heroes' Square and Andrássy Avenue. In colloquial Hungarian language, Hungarian, "Pest" is often used for the whole Capital (political), capital of Budapest. The three parts of Budapest (Pest, Buda, Óbuda) united in 1873. Etymology According to Ptolemy the settlement was called ''Pession'' in ancient times (Contra-Aquincum). Alternatively, the name ''Pest'' may have come from a Slavic word meaning "furnace", "oven" (Bulgarian ; Serbian /''peć''; Croatian ''peć''), related to the word (meaning "cave"), probably with reference to a local cave where fire burned. The spelling ''Pesth'' was occasionally used in English, even as late as the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buda
Buda (; german: Ofen, sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Budim, Будим, Czech and sk, Budín, tr, Budin) was the historic capital of the Kingdom of Hungary and since 1873 has been the western part of the Hungarian capital Budapest, on the west bank of the Danube. Buda comprises a third of Budapest's total territory and is mostly wooded. Landmarks include Buda Castle, the Citadella, and the president of Hungary's residence, Sándor Palace. Etymology According to a legend recorded in chronicles from the Middle Ages, the name "Buda" comes from the name of Bleda ( hu, Buda), brother of Hunnic ruler Attila. Demographics The Buda fortress and palace were built by King Béla IV of Hungary in 1247, and were the nucleus around which the town of Buda was built, which soon gained great importance, and became in 1361 the capital of Hungary. While Pest was mostly Hungarian in the 15th century, Buda had a German majority; however according to the Hungarian Royal Treasury, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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