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Wappo
The Wappo (endonym: ''Micewal'') are an indigenous people of northern California. Their traditional homelands are in Napa Valley, the south shore of Clear Lake, Alexander Valley, and Russian River valley. They are distantly related to the Yuki people, from which they seem to have diverged at least 500 years ago. Their language, Wappo, has been influenced by the neighboring Pomo, who use the term ''A'shochamai'' or ''A'shotenchawi'' (transcribed as ''Ashochimi'' by some authors), meaning "northerners", to refer to the Wappo. Culture Prior to European colonization, the Wappo lived by hunting and gathering, and lived in small groups without centralized political authority, in homes built from branches, leaves and mud. Their woven baskets were so well-crafted that they were able to hold water. The Wappo are an indigenous people of northern California. Their traditional homelands are in Napa Valley, the south shore of Clear Lake, Alexander Valley, Sonoma Valley, and Russian River ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wappo Language
Wappo is an extinct language that was spoken by the Wappo tribe, Native Americans who lived in what is now known as the Alexander Valley north of San Francisco. The last fluent speaker, Laura Fish Somersal, died in 1990. The loss of this language is attributed to the general use of English in schools and workplaces.Sawyer, Jesse O., "Wappo studies" (1984). ''Survey Reports''. Report #7. Wappo is generally believed to be distantly related to the Yuki language. It is distinguished by influence of Pomoan languages. According to Somersal, the English name for the people and language is derived from the Spanish word ''guapo'', meaning "handsome" or "brave". The people called themselves ''Micewal''. The Pomoan exonym, or name for them, was ''Ashochimi'' ("northerners"). Paul Radin published the first texts on Wappo grammar in the 1920s. Jesse O. Sawyer published ''English-Wappo Vocabulary'' in 1965 and continued to study Wappo grammar throughout his life. Other linguists who have contri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wappo
The Wappo (endonym: ''Micewal'') are an indigenous people of northern California. Their traditional homelands are in Napa Valley, the south shore of Clear Lake, Alexander Valley, and Russian River valley. They are distantly related to the Yuki people, from which they seem to have diverged at least 500 years ago. Their language, Wappo, has been influenced by the neighboring Pomo, who use the term ''A'shochamai'' or ''A'shotenchawi'' (transcribed as ''Ashochimi'' by some authors), meaning "northerners", to refer to the Wappo. Culture Prior to European colonization, the Wappo lived by hunting and gathering, and lived in small groups without centralized political authority, in homes built from branches, leaves and mud. Their woven baskets were so well-crafted that they were able to hold water. The Wappo are an indigenous people of northern California. Their traditional homelands are in Napa Valley, the south shore of Clear Lake, Alexander Valley, Sonoma Valley, and Russian River ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuki–Wappo Languages
The Yuki–Wappo or Yukian languages are a small language family of western California consisting of two distantly related languages, both now extinct. The Yukian languages may be, along with Chumashan and perhaps languages of southern Baja such as Waikuri, one of the oldest language families established in California, before the arrival of speakers of Penutian, Uto-Aztecan, and perhaps even Hokan languages. All three are spoken in areas with long-established populations of a distinct physical type.Golla, Victor. (2011). ''California Indian Languages''. Berkeley: University of California Press. Family division The family consists of : 1. Yuki : 2. Wappo Yuki consisted of three dialects: Yuki, Coast Yuki, and Huchnom. Wappo consisted of four dialects spoken in the Napa Valley, with a fifth dialect spoken in an enclave on Clear Lake. Wappo and Yuki are quite divergent grammatically and lexically (Goddard 1996: 83), which has led to contested theories about their relationsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wappo Traditional Narratives
Wappo traditional narratives include myths, legends, tales, and oral histories preserved by the Wappo people of the North Coast Ranges of northeastern California. Wappo oral literature was classed with that of central California, but it also showed influences from the Pacific Northwest The Pacific Northwest (sometimes Cascadia, or simply abbreviated as PNW) is a geographic region in western North America bounded by its coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean to the west and, loosely, by the Rocky Mountains to the east. Thou ... region. See also * Traditional narratives (Native California).) Sources for Wappo narratives * Kroeber, Henriette R. 1908. "Wappo Myths". ''Journal of American Folklore'' 21:321-323. * Loeb, Edwin M. 1932. "The Western Kuksu Cult". ''University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology'' 33:1-137. Berkeley. (Note on Wappo mythology, pp. 107–108.) * Powers, Stephen. 1877. ''Tribes of California''. Contributions to Nor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calistoga, California
Calistoga (Wappo: ''Nilektsonoma'') is a city in Napa County, in the Wine Country of California. Located in the North Bay region of the Bay Area, the city had a population of 5,228 as of the 2020 census. Calistoga was founded in 1868 when the California Pacific Railroad was built, establishing the town as a tourist destination for its Calistoga Hot Springs. Today, Calistoga continues as a popular tourist destination in Wine Country, owing to its vineyards and historic landmarks. History The Upper Napa Valley was once the home of a significant population of Indigenous People, called the Wappo during the Spanish colonial era of the late 18th century. With abundant oak trees providing acorns as a food staple and the natural hot springs as a healing ground Calistoga (Wappo: ''Nilektsonoma'', meaning "Chicken Hawk Place") was the site of several villages. Following Mexican Independence, mission properties were secularized and disposed of by the Mexican government with much of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Valley
The Alexander Valley (Wappo: Unutsawaholmanoma, "Toyon Bush Berry Place") is a Californian American Viticultural Area (AVA) just north of Healdsburg in Sonoma County. It is home to many wineries and vineyards, as well as the city of Cloverdale. It is the largest and most fully planted wine region in Sonoma.J. Robinson (ed) ''"The Oxford Companion to Wine"'' Third Edition pg 643 Oxford University Press 2006 Highway 101 runs through the valley, and the Russian River flows down the valley, surrounded by vineyards on both sides. From the higher elevations of the valley rim, there is a view as far south as Taylor Mountain and Sonoma Mountain. The region was named for Cyrus Alexander, owner of a part of the Rancho Sotoyome Mexican land grant, in 1847. Granted AVA status in 1984, the boundaries of the appellation are defined in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 27, Section 9.53. History In its early history, the territory commonly referred to as the "Alexander Valley" denote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuki People
The Yuki (also known as Yukiah) are an indigenous people of California, whose traditional territory is around Round Valley, Mendocino County. Today they are enrolled members of the Round Valley Indian Tribes of the Round Valley Reservation. Before the arrival of Europeans, the Yuki called themselves "Ukomno'om," meaning "valley people." The exonym "Yuki" may derive from the Wintu word meaning "foreigner" or "enemy." Yuki tribes are thought to have settled as far south as Hood Mountain in present-day Sonoma County. History In 1856, the US government established the Indian reservation of Nome Cult Farm (later to become Round Valley Indian Reservation) at Round Valley. Language The Yuki language is not spoken as much but they are still teaching them in certain schools. It is distantly related to the Wappo language, forming the Yukian family with it. The Yuki people had a quaternary (4-based) counting system, based on counting the spaces between the fingers, rather than the fing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Sonoma County, California
Sonoma County () is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States Census, its population was 488,863. Its county seat and largest city is Santa Rosa. It is to the north of Marin County and the south of Mendocino County. It is west of Napa County and Lake County. Sonoma County comprises the Santa Rosa-Petaluma Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the San Jose-San Francisco- Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is the northernmost county in the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area region. In California's Wine Country region, which also includes Napa, Mendocino, and Lake counties, Sonoma County is the largest producer. It has thirteen approved American Viticultural Areas and more than 350 wineries. The voters have twice approved open space initiatives that have provided funding for public acquisition of natural areas, preserving forested areas, coastal habitat, and other open space. More than 8.4 million tourists visit each year, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Native American Tribes In California
The indigenous peoples of California (known as Native Californians) are the indigenous inhabitants who have lived or currently live in the geographic area within the current boundaries of California before and after the arrival of Europeans. With over forty groups seeking to be federally recognized tribes, California has the second-largest Native American population in the United States. The California cultural area does not conform exactly to the state of California's boundaries. Many tribes on the eastern border with Nevada are classified as Great Basin tribes, and some tribes on the Oregon border are classified as Plateau tribes. Tribes in Baja California who do not cross into California are classified as indigenous peoples of Mexico. History Pre-contact Evidence of human occupation of California dates from at least 19,000 years ago. Prior to European contact, indigenous Californians had 500 distinct sub-tribes or groups, each consisting of 50 to 500 individual members. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fully Feathered Basket
A fully feathered basket is a type of basket crafted by a select group of Indigenous people of California who have traditionally resided in the coastal region of Northern California above San Francisco. The baskets are distinguished by the matted layer of feathers, which completely cover the exterior of the basket. They are highly collectible and renowned for their fine craftsmanship. Background Fully feathered baskets are a type of traditional basket, crafted by Indigenous tribes of California. They feature a matted layer of feathers which covers the exterior surface of the basket. They may be adorned with beads and hanging pendants. These baskets represent the artists' culture and their technical and aesthetic virtuosity, and are the subject of worldwide respect. Fully feathered baskets were made by only an exclusive few Northern California tribes: Pomo, Coast Miwok, Wappo, Patwin, and Lake Miwok. The skills necessary to master such basket making are taught and developed u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indigenous People Of Northern California
The indigenous peoples of California (known as Native Californians) are the indigenous inhabitants who have lived or currently live in the geographic area within the current boundaries of California before and after the arrival of Europeans. With over forty groups seeking to be federally recognized tribes, California has the second-largest Native American population in the United States. The California cultural area does not conform exactly to the state of California's boundaries. Many tribes on the eastern border with Nevada are classified as Great Basin tribes, and some tribes on the Oregon border are classified as Plateau tribes. Tribes in Baja California who do not cross into California are classified as indigenous peoples of Mexico. History Pre-contact Evidence of human occupation of California dates from at least 19,000 years ago. Prior to European contact, indigenous Californians had 500 distinct sub-tribes or groups, each consisting of 50 to 500 individual members. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napa County, California
Napa County () is a county north of San Pablo Bay located in the northern portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 138,019. The county seat is the City of Napa. Napa County was one of the original counties of California, created in 1850 at the time of statehood. Parts of the county's territory were given to Lake County in 1861. Napa County comprises the Napa, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is one of four North Bay counties. Napa County, once the producer of many different crops, is known today for its regional wine industry, rising to the first rank of wine regions with France by local wineries Stag's Leap Wine Cellars and Chateau Montelena winning the "Judgment of Paris" in 1976. History Prehistory–18th century In prehistoric times, the valley was inhabited by the Patwin Native Americans, with possible habitation by Wappo tri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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