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WA2XMN
WA2XMN is an experimental FM radio station which broadcasts sporadically from the Armstrong Tower in Alpine, New Jersey. The station commemorates the pioneering broadcasts of the world's first FM radio station, W2XMN, built by Edwin Howard Armstrong, which began experimental broadcasts from this tower in June 1938 followed by full power broadcasting beginning on July 18, 1939. Armstrong's station signed off as KE2XCC on March 6, 1954. WA2XMN broadcasts at 42.8 MHz, one of the frequencies used by Armstrong's station on the original 42-50 MHz FM broadcast band. Transmitting from near the top of the 425-foot tall Armstrong Tower, which sits on top of the 500-foot-tall Pallisades (for a total height of over 900 feet above mean sea level), WA2XMN has a listening range of roughly 60–100 miles. The building at the base of the tower still has the W2XMN call sign engraved above the entrance. The station signed on using a restored Phasitron transmitter built by Steve Hemp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armstrong Tower
The Armstrong Tower, also known as Alpine Tower, is a distinctive (425 foot) tall lattice tower featuring three large cross-arms, located atop the Alpine, New Jersey palisades overlooking the Hudson River a few kilometers north of New York City at 40°57'39.0" N and 73°55'21.0" W (40.9607 -73.9225). It is owned by Alpine Tower Company and managed by , both owned by Charles E. Sackermann, Jr. The tower is the permanent transmitter site for locally based experimental station WA2XMN and Fairleigh Dickinson University's educational FM station WFDU, in additional to numerous directional radio services (including as a cell site). It is clearly visible from across the Hudson River and is used as a Visual flight rules waypoint by aircraft flying within the New York City Special flight rules area. The tower was originally constructed by inventor Edwin Howard Armstrong in 1938 for developmental activities that led to modern . The original transmissions (W2XMN) occurred at . At the towe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
W2XMN
W2XMN was an experimental FM radio station located in Alpine, New Jersey. It was constructed beginning in 1936 by Edwin Howard Armstrong in order to promote his invention of wide-band FM broadcasting. W2XMN was the first FM station to begin regular operations, and was used to introduce FM broadcasting to the general public in the New York City area. The station, in addition to being a testing site for transmitter and receiver development, was used for propagation studies and as an over-the-air relay station for distributing network programming to other FM stations in the region. W2XMN primarily operated on what became known as FM's "low band", mostly transmitting on 42.8 mc/s until December 1946, and on 44.1 mc/s thereafter. The station ceased operating in 1949, after the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) reassigned the "low band" frequencies to other services. At this point most of W2XMN's functions were inherited by Armstrong's "high band" FM station, KE2XCC, located at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Very High Frequency
Very high frequency (VHF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves ( radio waves) from 30 to 300 megahertz (MHz), with corresponding wavelengths of ten meters to one meter. Frequencies immediately below VHF are denoted high frequency (HF), and the next higher frequencies are known as ultra high frequency (UHF). VHF radio waves propagate mainly by line-of-sight, so they are blocked by hills and mountains, although due to refraction they can travel somewhat beyond the visual horizon out to about 160 km (100 miles). Common uses for radio waves in the VHF band are Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) and FM radio broadcasting, television broadcasting, two-way land mobile radio systems (emergency, business, private use and military), long range data communication up to several tens of kilometers with radio modems, amateur radio, and marine communications. Air traffic control communications and air navigation systems (e.g. VOR and ILS) wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WFDU
WFDU (89.1 MHz branded as ''89.1 WFDU'') is a non-commercial, college radio station licensed to Fairleigh Dickinson University in Teaneck, New Jersey. Founded in 1971, WFDU's studios are on campus, with its transmitter on the Armstrong Tower in Alpine, New Jersey. Following negotiations with New York University and the Federal Communications Commission, an agreement was reached for the two Universities to share the 89.1 frequency on the FM band. While WFDU and WNYU-FM share the frequency, each station maintains separate transmitter and studio facilities as well as discrete programming and personnel. The station's broadcast signal has up to a 60-mile radius of its transmitter, within the historic Armstrong Field Lab in Alpine. The AFL is the site of the world's first FM station, W2XMN, built by the creator of FM technology, Major Edwin Howard Armstrong. With an increase in antenna height and a power rise to 3,000 watts, WFDU-FM has the potential to reach 8.2 million people. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beam Deflection Tube
Beam deflection tubes, sometimes known as sheet beam tubes, are vacuum tubes with an electron gun, a beam intensity control grid, a screen grid, sometimes a suppressor grid, and two electrostatic deflection electrodes on opposite sides of the electron beam, that can direct the rectangular beam to either of two anodes in the same plane. They can be used as two-quadrant, single-balanced mixers or (de)modulators with very linear qualities, their mode of operation similar to one-half of a Gilbert Cell, by applying an unbalanced signal to the control grid and a balanced signal to the deflection electrodes, then extracting the balanced mixing products and from the two anodes. Similar to a pentagrid converter, the cathode and the first two grids can be made into an oscillator. Two beam deflection tubes can be combined to form a double-balanced mixer. They need extensive shielding against external magnetic fields. The ballistic deflection transistors currently under development ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Call Sign
In broadcasting and radio communications, a call sign (also known as a call name or call letters—and historically as a call signal—or abbreviated as a call) is a unique identifier for a transmitter station. A call sign can be formally assigned by a government agency, informally adopted by individuals or organizations, or even cryptographically encoded to disguise a station's identity. The use of call signs as unique identifiers dates to the landline railroad telegraph system. Because there was only one telegraph line linking all railroad stations, there needed to be a way to address each one when sending a telegram. In order to save time, two-letter identifiers were adopted for this purpose. This pattern continued in radiotelegraph operation; radio companies initially assigned two-letter identifiers to coastal stations and stations onboard ships at sea. These were not globally unique, so a one-letter company identifier (for instance, 'M' and two letters as a Marconi station ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sea Level
Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical datuma standardised geodetic datumthat is used, for example, as a chart datum in cartography and marine navigation, or, in aviation, as the standard sea level at which atmospheric pressure is measured to calibrate altitude and, consequently, aircraft flight levels. A common and relatively straightforward mean sea-level standard is instead the midpoint between a mean low and mean high tide at a particular location. Sea levels can be affected by many factors and are known to have varied greatly over geological time scales. Current sea level rise is mainly caused by human-induced climate change. When temperatures rise, Glacier, mountain glaciers and the Ice sheet, polar ice caps melt, increasing the amount of water in water bodies. Because most of human settlem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Palisades (Hudson River)
The Palisades, also called the New Jersey Palisades or the Hudson River Palisades, are a line of steep cliffs along the west side of the lower Hudson River in Gateway Region, Northeastern New Jersey and Downstate New York, Southeastern New York in the United States. The cliffs stretch north from Jersey City, New Jersey, Jersey City about 20 miles (32 km) to near Nyack, New York, and visible at Haverstraw, New York. They rise nearly vertically from near the edge of the river, and are about high at Weehawken, New Jersey, Weehawken, increasing gradually to high near their northern terminus. North of Fort Lee, New Jersey, Fort Lee, the Palisades are part of Palisades Interstate Park Commission, Palisades Interstate Park and are a National Natural Landmark. The Palisades are among the most dramatic Geology, geologic features in the vicinity of New York City, forming a canyon of the Hudson north of the George Washington Bridge, as well as providing a vista of the Manhattan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KE2XCC
KE2XCC, first authorized in 1945 with the call sign W2XEA, was an experimental FM radio station located in Alpine, New Jersey and operated by inventor Edwin Howard Armstrong. It was located at the same site as Armstrong's original FM station, W2XMN, which dated to the late 1930s and primarily transmitted on the original FM "low band" frequencies. W2XEA was established as a companion station operating on the new FM "high band", which had been recently designated by the Federal Communications Commission as the replacement for the original FM station assignments. W2XMN shut down in 1949 after the "low band" was eliminated, and at this time W2XEA changed its call sign to KE2XCC and took over most of the functions previously performed by W2XMN. W2XEA was originally assigned to transmit on 92.1 MHz. This was changed in 1948 to 93.1 MHz, where it remained, as KE2XCC, until it ceased operations shortly after Armstrong's death in early 1954. In addition to general broadcasting to promote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edwin Howard Armstrong
Edwin Howard Armstrong (December 18, 1890 – February 1, 1954) was an American electrical engineer and inventor, who developed FM (frequency modulation) radio and the superheterodyne receiver system. He held 42 patents and received numerous awards, including the first Medal of Honor awarded by the Institute of Radio Engineers (now IEEE), the French Legion of Honor, the 1941 Franklin Medal and the 1942 Edison Medal. He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame and included in the International Telecommunication Union's roster of great inventors. Armstrong attended Columbia University, and served as a professor there for most of his life. Early life Armstrong was born in the Chelsea district of New York City, the oldest of John and Emily (née Smith) Armstrong's three children. His father began working at a young age at the American branch of the Oxford University Press, which published bibles and standard classical works, eventually advancing to the position of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alpine, New Jersey
Alpine is a borough in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States, approximately north of Midtown Manhattan. It is the easternmost community in New Jersey. As of the 2010 United States census, the borough's population was 1,849,DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Alpine borough, Bergen County, New Jersey . Accessed December 11, 2011. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York Metropolitan Area
The New York metropolitan area, also commonly referred to as the Tri-State area, is the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban area, urban landmass, at , and one of the list of most populous metropolitan areas, most populous urban agglomerations in the world. The vast metropolitan area includes New York City, Long Island, the Mid and Lower Hudson Valley in the State of New York; the six largest cities in New Jersey: Newark, New Jersey, Newark, Jersey City, New Jersey, Jersey City, Paterson, New Jersey, Paterson, Elizabeth, New Jersey, Elizabeth, Lakewood, New Jersey, Lakewood, and Edison, New Jersey, Edison, and their vicinities; and six of the seven largest cities in Connecticut: Bridgeport, Connecticut, Bridgeport, Stamford, Connecticut, Stamford, New Haven, Connecticut, New Haven, Waterbury, Connecticut, Waterbury, Norwalk, Connecticut, Norwalk, and Danbury, Connecticut, Danbury, and the vicinities of these cities. The New York metropolitan area comprises the geograp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
