|
Vat. Arabo
Vat. Ar. abbreviates ''Vaticani arabi'', a collection within the Vatican Library. Notable works within this collection include the following: *Vat. Ar. 5, Psalter in Arabic *Vat. Ar. 182, Al-Razi's ''Al-Tibb al-Ruhani'' *Vat. Ar. 204, Naskh-Ottoman Quran manuscript *Vat. Ar. 230, Quran manuscript *Vat. ar. 319, 13th century diagram of the Tusi couple, by Tusi *Vat. Ar. 368, ''The Story of Bayad and Riyad'', 13th-century Arabic love story *Vat. ar. 657, Eliya ibn ʿUbaid's ''Concordance of Faith'' *Vat. Ar. 709, Quran manuscript *Vat. Ar. 782, 16thC copy of Galland Manuscript The three-volume Galland Manuscript (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MSS arabes 3609, 3610 and 3611), sometimes also referred to as the Syrian Manuscript, is the earliest extensive manuscript of the ''Thousand and One Nights'' (the only earlier wit ... *Vat. Ar. 924, Quran manuscript, small circle of 45mm diameter, Octagonal case *Vat. Ar. 931, Quran manuscript *Vat. Ar. 1484, Quran manuscript, largest in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vaticani Arabi
The Vatican Apostolic Library ( la, Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana, it, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana), more commonly known as the Vatican Library or informally as the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City. Formally established in 1475, although it is much older—it is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. It has 75,000 codex, codices from throughout history, as well as 1.1 million printed books, which include some 8,500 Incunabulum, incunabula. The Vatican Library is a research library for history, law, philosophy, science, and theology. The Vatican Library is open to anyone who can document their qualifications and research needs. Photocopies for private study of pages from books published between 1801 and 1990 can be requested in person or by mail. Pope Nicholas V (1447–1455) envisioned a new Rome with extensive public works to lure pilgrims and scholars to the city ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psalter
A psalter is a volume containing the Book of Psalms, often with other devotional material bound in as well, such as a liturgical calendar and litany of the Saints. Until the emergence of the book of hours in the Late Middle Ages, psalters were the books most widely owned by wealthy lay persons. They were commonly used for learning to read. Many Psalters were richly illuminated, and they include some of the most spectacular surviving examples of medieval book art. The English term (Old English , ) derives from Church Latin. The source term is la, psalterium, which is simply the name of the Book of Psalms (in secular Latin, it is the term for a stringed instrument, from grc, ψαλτήριον ''psalterion''). The Book of Psalms contains the bulk of the Divine Office of the Roman Catholic Church. The other books associated with it were the Lectionary, the Antiphonary, and Responsoriale, and the Hymnary. In Late Modern English, ''psalter'' has mostly ceased to refer to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Ibn Zakariya Al-Razi
Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (full name: ar, أبو بکر محمد بن زکریاء الرازي, translit=Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Zakariyyāʾ al-Rāzī, label=none), () rather than ar, زکریاء, label=none (), as for example in , or in . In modern Persian his name is rendered as fa, ابوبکر محمدبن زکریا رازی, label=none (see ), though instead of fa, زکریا, label=none one may also find fa, زکریای, label=none (see ). , often known as (al-)Razi or by his Latin name Rhazes, also rendered Rhasis, was a Persian physician, philosopher and alchemist who lived during the Islamic Golden Age. He is widely regarded as one of the most important figures in the history of medicine, and also wrote on logic, astronomy and grammar. He is also known for his criticism of religion, especially with regard to the concepts of prophethood and revelation. A comprehensive thinker, al-Razi made fundamental and enduring contributions to various fields, which he recorded i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naskh (script)
Naskh ( ar, , qalam an-naskh, from the verb , , 'to copy', from n-s-kh root (ن-س-خ)) is a smaller, round script of Islamic calligraphy. Naskh is one of the first scripts of Islamic calligraphy to develop, commonly used in writing administrative documents and for transcribing books, including the Qur’an, because of its easy legibility. In his 1617 ''Grammatica Arabica'', Thomas van Erpe defined naskhī characters as the "noblest and true writing style". Origin Naskh style of writing can be found as early as within the first century of the Islamic calendar. Round scripts became the most popular in the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth centuries, due to their use by scribes. Ibn Muqla is credited with standardizing the "Six Pens" of Islamic calligraphy, also including , , , , and . These are known as "the proportioned scripts" () or "the six scripts" (). Kufic is commonly believed to predate naskh, but historians have traced the two scripts as coexisting long before their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tusi Couple
The Tusi couple is a mathematical device in which a small circle rotates inside a larger circle twice the diameter of the smaller circle. Rotations of the circles cause a point on the circumference of the smaller circle to oscillate back and forth in linear motion along a diameter of the larger circle. The Tusi couple is a 2-cusped hypocycloid. The couple was first proposed by the 13th-century Persian astronomer and mathematician Nasir al-Din al-Tusi in his 1247 ''Tahrir al-Majisti (Commentary on the Almagest)'' as a solution for the latitudinal motion of the inferior planets, and later used extensively as a substitute for the equant introduced over a thousand years earlier in Ptolemy's ''Almagest''. Original description The translation of the copy of Tusi's original description of his geometrical model alludes to at least one inversion of the model to be seen in the diagrams: :If two coplanar circles, the diameter of one of which is equal to half the diameter of the othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Story Of Bayad And Riyad
''Hadith Bayāḍ wa Riyāḍ'' ( ar, حديث بياض ورياض, "The Story of Bayad and Riyad") is a 13th-century Arabic love story. The main characters of the tale: Bayad, a merchant's son and a foreigner from Damascus, Riyad, a well-educated slave girl in the court of an unnamed Hajib (vizier or minister) of 'Iraq (Mesopotamia), and a "Lady" (al-sayyida). The ''Hadith Bayad wa Riyad'' manuscript is one of three surviving illustrated manuscripts from medieval al-Andalus (in modern Spain and Portugal). Many non-illustrated Andalusi books do survive, so illustrated manuscripts may have been rare. The manuscript is in the Vatican Library, where it is catalogued as Codex Vat. Arabo 368. Gallery File:Bayad-wa-riyadبياض-و-رياض-.jpg File:Maler der Geschichte von Bayâd und Riyâd 001.jpg File:Maler der Geschichte von Bayâd und Riyâd 002.jpg File:Maler der Geschichte von Bayâd und Riyâd 003.jpg See also *Arabic epic literature *Arabic literature Arabic litera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eliya Ibn ʿUbaid
Eliya ibn ʿUbaid (), also called Īlīyā al-Jawharī, was a theologian, philosopher, canonist and chronographer of the Church of the East. He served as the bishop of Jerusalem from 878 or 879 until 893 and then as the archbishop of Damascus. He wrote in Arabic. He died after 903. Life The surname ''al-Jawharī'', meaning "the jeweller", probably refers to the business of Eliya's family. He is called ʿAlī ibn ʿUbaid by Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, who puns his nickname as ''al-Bannāʾ'', "the bricklayer". Before he became a bishop, he lived in the vicinity of Baghdad, the capital and largest city of the Abbasid Caliphate. As bishop of Jerusalem from 878 or 879, Eliya was a suffragan of Damascus. He was consecrated archbishop of Damascus by the Patriarch John III on 15 July 893. In the words of ʿAmr ibn Mattā, dating by the Hijrī era and the Seleucid era, "in the middle of ulyof the year 280 of the ijra i.e. the year 1204 of the Seleucid era ..on the day of his own ordination, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galland Manuscript
The three-volume Galland Manuscript (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MSS arabes 3609, 3610 and 3611), sometimes also referred to as the Syrian Manuscript, is the earliest extensive manuscript of the ''Thousand and One Nights'' (the only earlier witness being a ninth-century fragment of a mere sixteen lines). Its text extends to 282 nights, breaking off in the middle of the ''Tale of Qamar al-Zamān and Budūr''.'Manuscripts', in ''The Arabian Nights Encyclopedia'', ed. by Ulrich Marzolph, Richard van Leeuwen, and Hassan Wassouf, 2 vols (Santa Barbara (CA): ABC-Clio, 2004), I, 635-57 (p. 635). The dating of the manuscript has been the subject of significant debate, which has revolved, unusually, around what types of coins are mentioned in the text and what real-life coin-issues they refer to. Muhsin Mahdi, the manuscript's modern editor, thought that it was fourteenth-century, while Heinz Grotzfeld dated it to the second half of the fifteenth. It is agreed to belong to the fourteenth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Parisino-petropolitanus
The codex Parisino-petropolitanus is one of the oldest extant manuscripts of the Quran, attributed to the 7th century. The largest part of the fragmentary manuscript are held at the Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris, as BnF Arabe 328(ab), with 70 folia. Another 46 folia are kept in the National Library of Russia in Saint-Petersburg. Two additional folia have been preserved, one kept in the Vatican Library ( Vat. Ar. 1605/1) and the other in the Khalili Collections in London (KFQ 60). The manuscript BnF Arabe 328 consists of six parts, labelled a–f. Of these, parts (a) and (b) were later recognized as having formed part of a single original manuscript. *BnF Arabe 328(a), 56 leaves (foll. 1–56), with additional leaves held by the Vatican Library, the Khalili Collection of Islamic Art and the National Library of Russia. This portion accounts for about 26% of the text of the Quran. *BnF Arabe 328(b), 14 leaves (foll. 57–70). The remaining four parts of BnF ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
