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Varel
Varel () is a town in the district of Friesland, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated near the Jade River and the Jade Bight, approximately south of Wilhelmshaven and north of Oldenburg. With a population of 23,984 (2020) it is the biggest town in the district of Friesland. Geography Varel is located south of the Jade Bight at the North Sea on the Geest. Over time, the city expanded into lower areas as the construction of dykes helped to secure these areas from floods. The environment of Varel is shaped by agriculture, forests and the sea. Neighbour municipalities Jade in the district of Wesermarsch is the Eastern neighbour municipality of Varel. In the South of Varel one will find the municipalities Rastede and Wiefelstede which are part of the district of Ammerland. The municipality of Bockhorn is located in the West of Varel. Bockhorn is also part of the district of Friesland. Segmentation of the city Varel is segmented into 21 localities. Besides the down ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charlotte Sophie Bentinck
Charlotte Sophie of Aldenburg (4 August 1715– 5 of February 1800), was the ruling Countess of Varel and Kniphausen,Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser IV. "Portland". C.A. Starke Verlag, 1956, pp. 484-485. (German). adjacent lordships on the German/Frisian border along the North Sea, from 1738 to 1748. She was the daughter of Anton II, Count of Aldenburg and Princess Wilhelmine Marie of Hesse-Homburg. Life Background Charlotte Amalie was the last of the Aldenburgs who were, in turn, an illegitimate line descended from Anton Gunther (1583-1667), the last of the independent Counts of Oldenburg. His main domains, Oldenburg and Delmenhorst, were inherited on his death by Frederick II of Denmark, head of the senior, legitimate branch of the House of Oldenburg. Leaving no children by his consort, an Oldenburg princess of the Danish Sonderburg line, Anton Gunther was free to confer his unentailed lordships of Varel and Kniphausen on Anton I of Aldenburg (1633-16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Wegener
Friedrich Wegener (7 April 1907, Varel – 9 July 1990, Lübeck, ) was a German pathologist who is notable for his description of a rare disease originally referred to Wegener disease and now referred to as granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Although this disease was known before Wegener's description, from the 1950s onwards it was generally referred to as Wegener's granulomatosis. Biography Early life Friedrich Wegener was born on 7 April 1907 in Varel, Oldenburg, Germany. His father was a doctor and his mother a Swedish gymnastic director. Pre-World War II years World War II Era More detail about aspects of Wegener's biography during the Nazi regime first became available in 2006. Wegener joined the Nazi Party in 1932. Specifically, he was a member of the Sturmabteilung, a paramilitary branch of the Nazi party which participated in violent conflicts. As a relatively high-ranking military physician, he spent some of World War II in a medical office three blocks from the Łódź ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friesland (district)
Friesland is a district (''Landkreis'') in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the southeast and clockwise) the districts of Wesermarsch, Ammerland, Leer and Wittmund, and by the North Sea. The city of Wilhelmshaven is enclosed by—but not part of—the district. History The Frisian region was ruled by local chieftains until the 15th century; see East Frisia for details. In 1438 in the northern part of today's Landkreis Friesland the Lordship of Jever was founded. East Frisia was from then on regarded as a hostile territory, and many skirmishes between Jever and East Frisia took place during the 15th and 16th centuries. The last ruler of Jever was Mary of Jever, who ruled until 1575. After her death Jever became a part of Oldenburg, but East Frisia made a claim for the territory as well. In the following decades East Frisia tried to block all roads between Jever and Oldenburg. It was not before the 17th century that the hostilities between East Frisia and Oldenburg e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lothar Meyer
Julius Lothar Meyer (19 August 1830 – 11 April 1895) was a German chemist. He was one of the pioneers in developing the earliest versions of the periodic table of the chemical elements. Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev (his chief rival) and he had both worked with Robert Bunsen. Meyer never used his first given name, and was known throughout his life simply as Lothar Meyer. Career Lothar Meyer was born in Varel, Germany (then part of the Duchy of Oldenburg). He was the son of Friedrich August Meyer, a physician, and Anna Biermann. After attending the Altes Gymnasium in Oldenburg, he studied medicine at the University of Zurich in 1851. Two years later, he studied at the University of Würzburg, where he studied pathology, as a student of Rudolf Virchow. At Zurich, he had studied under Carl Ludwig, which had prompted him to devote his attention to physiological chemistry. After graduating as a Doctor of Medicine from Würzburg in 1854, he went to the University of Heidelberg, wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Gerhard Oncken
Johann Gerhard Oncken (26 January 1800 - 2 January 1884) was a pioneer German Baptist preacher, variously referred to as the "Father of Continental Baptists", the "Father of German Baptists" and the "Apostle of European Baptists". Oncken, Gottfried Wilhelm Lehmann (1799–1882), and Julius Köbner (1806–1884) were known as the Baptist cloverleaf (). J. G. Oncken helped direct and guide the growth of Baptists throughout Germany and across much of Europe for half a century. Early life Johann Gerhard Oncken was born in Varel, a town in the Duchy of Oldenburg. His father was exiled for political reasons, his mother died, and his grandmother raised him. As a child, Oncken was baptized a Lutheran, and confirmed in 1814. About that time, Oncken was apprenticed to a Scottish merchant. Oncken moved to Scotland and worked in the merchant's business, later working as a tutor in Leith (now part of Edinburgh) and subsequently moving to London. In Scotland Oncken first attended the ''Kirk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Münstermann
Ludwig Münstermann (c. 1560 or 1575 – 1638/39) was a German sculptor and master woodcarver from either Hamburg or Bremen. He worked in numerous churches and was a leading exponent of the North German Mannerist style in sculpture. Life and career Münstermann is said to have been from either Hamburg or Bremen. He was active before 1599 in the workshop of the Bremen sculptor Hans Winter (1565–1603). Tonnies and Heinrich Münstermann were also woodworkers in Bremen at this period. Ludwig Münstermann became a master in the guild of turners in Hamburg in 1599. From 1607 to 1612, he worked on Schloss Oldenburg. Münstermann carved many altars, pulpits and organ cases for churches, especially in the Duchy of Oldenburg. His largest surviving altar is in the castle church at Varel, where he worked on the altar, pulpit and font between 1613 and 1618. Around 1590 he worked in his winter studio on epitaphs for St Ansgar's church in Bremen. There are important altars, pulpits and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Hegeler
Wilhelm Hegeler (25 February 1870 in Varel, Grand Duchy of Oldenburg – 8 October 1943 in Irschenhausen) was a German novelist. Biography He studied law at the universities of Munich, Geneva and Berlin, traveled extensively, and returned to Munich in 1895 to settle down to literary work. He moved to Berlin in 1897 and to Weimar in 1906. Writings He engaged in the production, at first, of naturalistic novels dealing with the life of the population along the river Rhine ), Surselva, Graubünden, Switzerland , source1_coordinates= , source1_elevation = , source2 = Rein Posteriur/Hinterrhein , source2_location = Paradies Glacier, Graubünden, Switzerland , source2_coordinates= , so ..., later, of humorous satires. Their popularity in Germany was very great, and Hegeler's books frequently appeared among the lists of best sellers for certain years (1905, for instance). His works include: * ''Sonnige Tage'' (Berlin, 1898) * ''Ingenieur Horstman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Carls
Carl Carls (September 16, 1880, Varel – September 11, 1958, Bremen) was a German chess master. In 1922, he took 2nd, behind Erhardt Post, in Bad Oeynhausen (22nd DSB–Congress). He won the 2nd German Championships at Bad Aachen 1934. He took 7th at The Hague 1928 (Amateur World Championship, Max Euwe won). Carls represented Germany in Chess Olympiads: * 1st Chess Olympiad at London 1927 (+7 –3 =5); * 3rd Chess Olympiad at Hamburg 1930 (=6 –1 =7); * 3rd unofficial Chess Olympiad at Munich 1936 (+5 –2 =10). He won two team bronze medals (1930 and 1936). During World War II, he tied for 10-12th at Kraków – Warsaw 1941 (2nd GG-ch, Alexander Alekhine and Paul Felix Schmidt won). Carls won, ahead of Klaus Junge, at Rostock 1942. He resigned after 8 games at Prague 1943 (Alekhine won). Carls was awarded the International Master FIDE titles are awarded by the international chess governing body FIDE (''Fédération Internationale des Échecs'') for outstanding perfor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oskar Emil Meyer
Oskar Emil Meyer (15 October 1834, Varel – 21 April 1909, Breslau) was a German physicist best known for his studies on the viscosity of gases. He was a younger brother to chemist Lothar von Meyer. Biography From 1854 he studied sciences at the universities of Heidelberg, Zurich and Königsberg, where he was a student of Franz Ernst Neumann. In 1860 he received his doctorate with a dissertation on the friction between two liquids, titled ''De mutua duorum fluidorum frictione''. In 1864 he succeeded Rudolf Lipschitz as an associate professor at the University of Breslau — teaching classes in mathematics and mathematical physics. During the following year he became a full professor at Breslau, and in 1867 succeeded Moritz Ludwig Frankenheim as director of the Physics Cabinet. Published works In 1899 his influential ''Die kinetische Theorie der Gase. In elementarer Darstellung mit mathematischen Zusätzen'' was translated into English and published with the title "Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wesermarsch
Wesermarsch is a '' Kreis'' (district) in the northwestern part of Lower Saxony, Germany. Neighboring are (from the east clockwise) the districts of Cuxhaven and Osterholz, the city of Bremen in the state Free Hanseatic City of Bremen, the urban district of Delmenhorst, the district of Oldenburg and the urban district of Oldenburg, and the districts of Ammerland and Friesland. Geography The district is located at the western banks of the River Weser between Bremen and the river's mouth. Several rivers cross the district from west to east, the largest of them being the Hunte, which runs through Oldenburg before entering Wesermarsch. In the north the Weser mouth and the Jade Bight (a bay off the North Sea) enclose the Butjadingen peninsula. Here the largest town of the district is located: Nordenham, lying opposite to Bremerhaven at the Weser mouth. History The district was created in 1933 by merging the '' Ämter'' of Butjadingen, Brake and Elsfleth, and parts of the ''Ämter'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick Ludwig Hoffman
Frederick Ludwig Hoffman (May 2, 1865 Varel, Germany - February 23, 1946, San Diego, California) was an American statistician who showed great foresight on some public health issues, but his work in some areas was biased by his scientific racist views. Biography Hoffman was educated in the common and private schools in Germany. He was a racist against African Americans in his studies of incarceration. He moved to the United States and became statistician for the Prudential Insurance Company of America in 1891. He was employed as statistician by many organizations and did research in ethnology and kindred subjects. He also served as President of the American Statistical Association in 1911. A collection of his papers are held at the National Library of Medicine. Works ''The Race Traits and Tendencies of the American Negro''(1896) This book, Hoffman's first, characterized African American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ammerland
Ammerland is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the city of Oldenburg and the districts of Oldenburg, Cloppenburg, Leer, Friesland and Wesermarsch. History The "Ammerland" was first mentioned in the 10th century. The word is believed to derive from ''Ameri'', which is an old word meaning "swamp". In the time of Viking raids small ring-like castles were built in order to protect the defenceless hamlets. For many years there was little interest in this swampy region. In the 14th century it became part of the County of Oldenburg. The counts established strongholds in the region, which was the frontier against the lands of the untamable Frisians. The district was established in 1933 in the rough borders of the historical region. Geography Ammerland is characterised by a very flat countryside, many fens and swamps, and many windmills. The latter are a symbol of the district, which calls itself sometimes the "land of windmills ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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