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VKG Oil
Viru Keemia Grupp (VKG) is an Estonian holding group of oil shale industry, power generation, and public utility companies. History After Estonian Declaration of Independence, Estonia gained independence, the state owned oil shale enterprise, Riigi Põlevkivitööstus ( en, Estonian State Oil Shale Industry), was established as a department of the Ministry for Trade and Industry on 24 November 1918. Shale oil production started in Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ... in 1921 when Riigi Põlevkivitööstus built 14 experimental oil shale processing retorts in Kohtla-Järve.#ots2, Ots (2004), pp. 15–16 These vertical retorts used the method developed by Julius Pintsch AG that would later evolve into the current Kiviter processing technology. Along wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VKG Logo
VKG may refer to: *Viru Keemia Grupp, a chemical company *Vampire_Knight#Anime, Vampire Knight, an anime *NSW Police, The New South Wales Police Force radio call sign known as VKG *Thomas Cook Airlines Scandinavia, ICAO *SunClass Airlines, ICAO {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tallinn University Of Technology
Established in 1918, Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech; et, Tallinna Tehnikaülikool) is the only technical university in Estonia. TalTech, in the capital city of Tallinn, is a university for engineering, business, public administration and maritime affairs. TalTech has colleges in Tartu and Kohtla-Järve. Despite the similar names, Tallinn University and Tallinn University of Technology are separate institutions. History In the early twentieth century, Estonia recognised an urgent need for locally trained engineering specialists. Until then, young people from Estonia had received their specialist education in St. Petersburg, Germany or Riga. Opportunities had to be sought for engineering-minded people to acquire an Estonian-based education which was adapted to local conditions and needs; Estonia was in the process of establishing itself as an independent country. On 17 September 1918, the Estonian Engineering Society opened an Estonian-based engineering school nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atomenergoproject
Atomstroyexport (russian: Атомстройэкспорт) is the Russian Federation's nuclear power equipment and service exporter. It is a fully owned subsidiary of Rosatom. The activities of Atomstroyexport are financially supported by the Russian government. The President of ASE Group of Companies is Alexander Lokshin. History The first research reactor was built and launched in China, in the "Institute of Nuclear Physics," in 1958. After two years in the city of Lanzhou to her it was erected a "Physical Institute". In it was an accelerator of the brand "U-150", specially built at the Izhorskiye Zavody for the Chinese (150 - is the diameter of the magnet poles in cm), the cyclotron, the deuteron has the energy of 18 MeV. The following year, the organization in the city of Rez (Czechoslovakia) is building "VVR-S", a research reactor (4 MW). Recent period The Russian nuclear vendor is building the first reactor power unit in Iranian Bushehr nuclear power plant located southwes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Department Of Energy
The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is an executive department of the U.S. federal government that oversees U.S. national energy policy and manages the research and development of nuclear power and nuclear weapons in the United States. The DOE oversees the U.S. nuclear weapons program, nuclear reactor production for the United States Navy, energy-related research, and domestic energy production and energy conservation. The DOE was created in 1977 in the aftermath of the 1973 oil crisis. It sponsors more physical science research than any other U.S. federal agency, the majority of which is conducted through its system of National Laboratories. The DOE also directs research in genomics, with the Human Genome Project originating from a DOE initiative. The department is headed by the Secretary of Energy, who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the Cabinet. The current Secretary of Energy is Jennifer Granholm, who has served ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oil Shale (journal)
''Oil Shale'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in petrology, especially concerning oil shale. The journal covers geology, mining, formation, composition, methods of processing, combustion, economics, and environmental protection related to oil shale. It is abstracted and indexed in the Science Citation Index. The editor-in-chief is Andres Siirde and executive editor is Meelika Nõmme. History The plan for publishing an oil shale journal arose in 1983 in the Estonian Academy of Sciences and the journal was established in 1984 as the journal of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Publishing was financed by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and administered by the Institute of Chemistry of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. It was published by the publishing house Perioodika in Tallinn. At first, the journal was published in Russian under the name ''Горючие Сланцы'' ( translit. Goryutchie Sl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galoter Process
The Galoter process (also known as TSK, UTT, or SHC; its newest modifications are called Enefit and Petroter) is a shale oil extraction technology for a production of shale oil, a type of synthetic crude oil. In this process, the oil shale is decomposed into shale oil, oil shale gas, and spent residue. A decomposition is caused by mixing raw oil shale with a hot oil shale ash, generated by combustion of carbonaceous residue ( semi-coke) in the spent residue. The process was developed in 1950s and it is used commercially for the shale oil production in Estonia. There are projects for further development of this technology and for expansion of its usage, e.g. in Jordan and USA. History Research of the solid heat carrier process for pyrolysis of lignite, peat, and oil shale started in 1944 at the G. M. Krzhizhanovsky Power Engineering Institute of Academy of Sciences of the USSR. At the laboratory scale, the Galoter process was invented and developed in 1945–1946. The proce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiviter Process
The Kiviter process is an above ground retorting technology for shale oil extraction. History The Kiviter process is based on the earlier vertical retort technology (Pintsch's generator). This technology underwent a long process of development. The early concept of central inlet of the heat carrier was later replaced by a concept of heat carrier gas cross flow in the retort. The Kiviter technology has been used in Estonia since 1921, when first experimental Kiviter retorts were built. The first commercial scale oil plant based on the Kiviter technology was built in 1924. From 1955 to 2003, Kiviter technology was used for oil shale processing also in Slantsy, Russia. Technology The Kiviter process is classified as an internal combustion technology. The Kiviter retort is a vertical cylindrical vessel that heats coarse oil shale with recycled gases, steam, and air. To supply heat, gases (including produced oil shale gas) and carbonaceous spent residue are burnt wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shale Oil
Shale oil is an unconventional oil produced from oil shale rock fragments by pyrolysis, hydrogenation, or thermal dissolution. These processes convert the organic matter within the rock (kerogen) into synthetic oil and gas. The resulting oil can be used immediately as a fuel or upgraded to meet refinery feedstock specifications by adding hydrogen and removing impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen. The refined products can be used for the same purposes as those derived from crude oil. The term "shale oil" is also used for crude oil produced from shales of other unconventional, very low permeability formations. However, to reduce the risk of confusion of shale oil produced from oil shale with crude oil in oil-bearing shales, the term "tight oil" is preferred for the latter. The International Energy Agency recommends to use the term "light tight oil" and World Energy Resources 2013 report by the World Energy Council uses the term "tight oil" for crude oil in oil-bearing sha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VKG Ojamaa Kaevandus , ICAO
{{disambiguation ...
VKG may refer to: * Viru Keemia Grupp, a chemical company *Vampire Knight, an anime *NSW Police, The New South Wales Police Force radio call sign known as VKG *Thomas Cook Airlines Scandinavia, ICAO *SunClass Airlines Sunclass Airlines A/S (formerly Thomas Cook Airlines Scandinavia) is a Danish charter airline that operates charter services from Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland. The company is affiliated with Ving Group, a Nordic tour operator. It and Vin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shale Oil Extraction
Shale oil extraction is an industrial process for unconventional oil production. This process converts kerogen in oil shale into shale oil by pyrolysis, hydrogenation, or thermal dissolution. The resultant shale oil is used as fuel oil or upgraded to meet refinery feedstock specifications by adding hydrogen and removing sulfur and nitrogen impurities. Shale oil extraction is usually performed above ground (''ex situ'' processing) by mining the oil shale and then treating it in processing facilities. Other modern technologies perform the processing underground (on-site or ''in situ'' processing) by applying heat and extracting the oil via oil wells. The earliest description of the process dates to the 10th century. In 1684, Great Britain granted the first formal extraction process patent. Extraction industries and innovations became widespread during the 19th century. The industry shrank in the mid-20th century following the discovery of large reserves of conventional oil, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltic News Service
The Baltic News Service (BNS) is the largest news agency operating in the Baltic states. Founded in April, 1990, by a group of students (the founding CEO was Allan Martinson), it sought to inform foreign correspondents in Moscow of developments in the Baltic states' struggles for independence from the Soviet Union. Within a few months, it had been recognized by numerous Western media sources. Today, BNS is a holding company for separate organizations in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. BNS disseminates news in Russian and English (as well as the domestic languages of Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian) via the internet and by other means. Subscribers include media, financial, industrial, and government institutions in the Baltic states. BNS also collaborates with Agence France-Presse, Reuters, and Interfax. In 2003, the BNS publishing company in Estonia, BNS Kirjastus, bought the bankrupt news agency ETA ( Eesti Teadeteagentuur). BNS was wholly owned by the Finnish media grou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
