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Virgaviridae
''Virgaviridae'' is a family of positive-strand RNA viruses. Plants serve as natural hosts.Adams MJ, Antoniw JF, Kreuze J (2009) Virgaviridae: a new family of rod-shaped plant viruses. Arch Virol 154(12):1967–1972 The name of the family is derived from the Latin word ''virga'' (rod), as all viruses in this family are rod-shaped. There are currently 59 species in this family, divided among seven genera. Structure Viruses in Virgaviridae are non-enveloped, with rigid helical rod geometries, and helical symmetry. The diameter is around 20-25 nm, and virions have a central "canal." Genomes are linear, single-stranded, positive sense RNA with a 3'-tRNA like structure and no polyA tail. They may be in one, two, or three segments, depending on the genus. Coat proteins are about 19–24 kiloDaltons. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virgaviridae
''Virgaviridae'' is a family of positive-strand RNA viruses. Plants serve as natural hosts.Adams MJ, Antoniw JF, Kreuze J (2009) Virgaviridae: a new family of rod-shaped plant viruses. Arch Virol 154(12):1967–1972 The name of the family is derived from the Latin word ''virga'' (rod), as all viruses in this family are rod-shaped. There are currently 59 species in this family, divided among seven genera. Structure Viruses in Virgaviridae are non-enveloped, with rigid helical rod geometries, and helical symmetry. The diameter is around 20-25 nm, and virions have a central "canal." Genomes are linear, single-stranded, positive sense RNA with a 3'-tRNA like structure and no polyA tail. They may be in one, two, or three segments, depending on the genus. Coat proteins are about 19–24 kiloDaltons. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hordeivirus
''Hordeivirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Virgaviridae''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are four species in this genus.Bragg, J.N., Solovyev, A.G., Morozov, S. Yu, Atabekov, J.G. Jackson, A.O. Horeivirus (2006). ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA. Taxonomy The following four species are assigned to the genus: * '' Anthoxanthum latent blanching virus'' (ALBV) (Hosts ''Anthoxanthum odoratum''.) * ''Barley stripe mosaic virus'' (BSMV) * ''Lychnis ringspot virus'' (LRSV) (Hosts ''Silene divaricata''/'' Lychnis divaricata'', ''Mentha longifolia'', ''Nicotiana benthamiana'', several families of dicots, not legumes or cereals.) * '' Poa semilatent virus'' (PSLV) (Hosts '' Elymus trachycaulus'', ''Poa palustris'', several tribes of the Poaceae, barley, wheat, oat, other true cereals - no dicots. Thought to not be seed transmitted.) Structure Viruses in the genus ''Hordeivirus'' are non-env ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tobravirus
''Tobravirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Virgaviridae''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: SBWMV: green and yellow mosaic. Taxonomy The following three species are assigned to the genus: *'' Pea early-browning virus'' *'' Pepper ringspot virus'' *''Tobacco rattle virus'' Structure Viruses in the genus ''Tobravirus'' are non-enveloped, with rod-shaped geometries, and helical symmetry. The diameter is around 22 nm, with two lengths: 46-115 nm and 180–215 nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, bipartite, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA around 26.84.5kb in total length (8600–11300 nucleotides Nucleotides are organic molecules consisting of a nucleoside and a phosphate. They serve as monomeric units of the nucleic acid polymers – deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), both of which are essential biomolecules w ... for each length).Index of V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Furovirus
''Furovirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Virgaviridae''. Graminae, winter wheat, wheat, triticale, oat, sorghum bicolor ''Sorghum bicolor'', commonly called sorghum () and also known as great millet, broomcorn, guinea corn, durra, imphee, jowar, or milo, is a Poaceae, grass species cultivated for its grain, which is used for food for humans, animal feed, and ethan ..., and plants serve as natural hosts. There are six species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: (SBWMV): green and yellow mosaic. Taxonomy The following six species are assigned to the genus: * '' Chinese wheat mosaic virus'' * '' Japanese soil-borne wheat mosaic virus'' * '' Oat golden stripe virus'' * '' Soil-borne cereal mosaic virus'' * '' Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus'' * '' Sorghum chlorotic spot virus'' Structure Viruses in the genus ''Furovirus'' are non-enveloped, with rod-shaped geometries, and helical symmetry. The diameter is around 20 nm, with a length of 260-3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pecluvirus
''Pecluvirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Virgaviridae''. Cereal crops and graminaceous weeds serve as natural hosts. There are two species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: (SBWMV): green and yellow mosaic. The name of the genus is derived from ''Peanut clump virus'': ''Peanut clump virus'', giving rise to Pecluvirus.ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.087.0.01. Pecluvirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA Taxonomy The following two species are assigned to the genus: * '' Indian peanut clump virus'' * ''Peanut clump virus ''Peanut clump virus'' (PCV) is a plant pathogenic virus. It is assigned to the genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy o ...'' Structure Viruses in the genus ''Pecluvirus'' are non-enveloped, with elongated rod-shaped geome ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomovirus
''Pomovirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Virgaviridae''. Plants and dicotyledons serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: dwarfing of shoots (mop-top) and potato spraing disease. The name of the genus is derived from ''Potato mop-top virus'', ''Potato mop-top virus'', giving rise to ''Pomovirus''.Index of Viruses - Pomovirus (2006). In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/Ictv/fs_index.htm Taxonomy The following five species are assigned to the genus: * '' Beet soil-borne virus'' * '' Beet virus Q'' * '' Broad bean necrosis virus'' * '' Colombian potato soil-borne virus'' * ''Potato mop-top virus ''Potato mop-top virus (PMTV)'' is a plant pathogenic virus transmitted through the vector ''Powdery scab, Spongospora subterranea'' that affects potatoes. PMTV belongs to family of ''Virgaviridae'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tobamovirus
''Tobamovirus'' is a genus of positive-strand RNA viruses in the family '' Virgaviridae.'' Many plants, including tobacco, potato, tomato, and squash, serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this genus include: necrotic lesions on leaves. The name ''Tobamovirus'' comes from the host and symptoms of the first virus discovered (''Tobacco mosaic virus''). There are four informal subgroups within this genus: these are the tobamoviruses that infect the brassicas, cucurbits, malvaceous, and solanaceous plants. The main differences between these groups are genome sequences, and respective range of host plants. There are 37 species in this genus. Structure Tobamoviruses are non-enveloped, with helical rod geometries, and helical symmetry. The diameter is around 18 nm, with a length of 300–310 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 6.3–6.5kb in length. Genome The RNA genome encodes at least four polypeptides: these are the non-structural protein and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viral Plant Pathogens And Diseases
Viral means "relating to viruses" (small infectious agents). Viral may also refer to: Viral behavior, or virality Memetic behavior likened that of a virus, for example: * Viral marketing, the use of existing social networks to spread a marketing message * Viral phenomenon, relating to contagion theory or the "virality" of network culture, such as a meme * Viral video, a video that quickly attains a high popularity Titled works * ''Viral'' (2016 American film), a 2016 American science fiction horror drama * ''Viral'' (2016 Hindi film), an Indian Bollywood film based on social media * ''Viral'' (web series), a 2014 Brazilian comedy web series * '' V/H/S: Viral'', an American anthology horror film * '' Viral: The Search for the Origin of COVID-19'', a book by Alina Chand and Matt Ridley See also * ''Virals'', a novel series by Kathy Reichs * Virulence Virulence is a pathogen's or microorganism's ability to cause damage to a host. In most, especially in animal system ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charophyte
Charophyta () is a group of freshwater green algae, called charophytes (), sometimes treated as a phylum, division, yet also as a superdivision or an unranked clade. The terrestrial plants, the Embryophyta emerged within Charophyta, possibly from terrestrial unicellular charophytes, with the class Zygnematophyceae as a sister group. The clade Streptophyta may be formed by placing Embryophyta within the Charophyta. The Embryophyta may already be included in the Charophyta, in which case it is a synonym of the Streptophyta. The sister group of the charophytes are the Chlorophyta. In some charophyte groups, such as the Zygnematophyceae or conjugating green algae, Flagellum, flagella are absent and sexual reproduction does not involve free-swimming flagellate sperm. Flagellate sperm, however, are found in stoneworts (Charales) and Coleochaetales, orders of parenchymatous charophytes that are the closest relatives of the land plants, where flagellate sperm are also present in all exce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
''Tobacco mosaic virus'' (TMV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus species in the genus ''Tobamovirus'' that infects a wide range of plants, especially tobacco and other members of the family Solanaceae. The infection causes characteristic patterns, such as "mosaic"-like mottling and discoloration on the leaves (hence the name). TMV was the first virus to be discovered. Although it was known from the late 19th century that a non-bacterial infectious disease was damaging tobacco crops, it was not until 1930 that the infectious agent was determined to be a virus. It is the first pathogen identified as a virus. The virus was crystallised by W.M. Stanley. It has a similar size to the largest synthetic molecule, known as PG5 History In 1886, Adolf Mayer first described the tobacco mosaic disease that could be transferred between plants, similar to bacterial infections. In 1892, Dmitri Ivanovsky gave the first concrete evidence for the existence of a non-bacterial infect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benyvirus
''Benyvirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Benyviridae''. Plant serve as natural hosts. There are four species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: BNYVV: rhizomania. Taxonomy * ''Beet necrotic yellow vein virus'' (ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.088.0.01.001) * '' Beet soil-borne mosaic virus'' (ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.088.0.01.002) * '' Burdock mottle virus'' (ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.088.0.01.004) * '' Rice stripe necrosis virus'', isolates of which are known as RSNV, (ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.088.0.01.003), a rod-shaped virus containing just six open reading frames in its genome. A pathogen of rice plants, it may cause chlorosis In botany, chlorosis is a condition in which leaves produce insufficient chlorophyll. As chlorophyll is responsible for the green color of leaves, chlorotic leaves are pale, yellow, or yellow-white. The affected plant has little or no ability to ..., necrosis, and malformation. Structure Viruses in the genus ''Benyvir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
