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Vinegaroon
Thelyphonida is an arachnid order comprising invertebrates commonly known as whip scorpions or vinegaroons (also spelled vinegarroons and vinegarones). They are often called uropygids in the scientific community based on an alternative name for the order, Uropygi (which may then also include the order Schizomida). The name "whip scorpion" refers to their resemblance to true scorpions and possession of a whiplike tail, and "vinegaroon" refers to their ability when attacked to discharge an offensive, vinegar-smelling liquid, which contains acetic acid. Taxonomy Carl Linnaeus first described a whip scorpion in 1758, although he did not distinguish it from what are now regarded as different kinds of arachnid, calling it ''Phalangium caudatum''. '' Phalangium'' is now used as a name for a genus of harvestmen (Opiliones). In 1802, Pierre André Latreille was the first to use a genus name solely for whip scorpions, namely ''Thelyphonus''. Latreille later explained the name as meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Whip Scorpion
Thelyphonida is an arachnid order comprising invertebrates commonly known as whip scorpions or vinegaroons (also spelled vinegarroons and vinegarones). They are often called uropygids in the scientific community based on an alternative name for the order, Uropygi (which may then also include the order Schizomida). The name "whip scorpion" refers to their resemblance to true scorpions and possession of a whiplike tail, and "vinegaroon" refers to their ability when attacked to discharge an offensive, vinegar-smelling liquid, which contains acetic acid. Taxonomy Carl Linnaeus first described a whip scorpion in 1758, although he did not distinguish it from what are now regarded as different kinds of arachnid, calling it ''Phalangium caudatum''. '' Phalangium'' is now used as a name for a genus of harvestmen (Opiliones). In 1802, Pierre André Latreille was the first to use a genus name solely for whip scorpions, namely ''Thelyphonus''. Latreille later explained the name as meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thelyphonidae
Thelyphonidae is the sole family in the Thelyphonida order of arachnids. Description These arachnids can reach a length of . The body consists of a cephalothorax coated with chitin and of an abdomen divided into 12 segments. Fossil record The largest of prehistoric whipscorpions and possibly the largest-known whipscorpion ever discovered was '' Mesoproctus'' from this family. While ''M. rowlandi'' reached in length (without tail), an unnamed species ''M. sp.'' had a carapace of in length and in width, comparable or even larger than the extant '' Mastigoproctus'' have.Jason A. Dunlop, David M. MartillThe first whipspider (Arachnida: Amblypygi) and three new whipscorpions (Arachnida: Thelyphonida) from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 92, 325-334, 2002. Genera Most genera are currently placed in four recognised subfamilies: Hypoctoninae Auth.: Pocock, 1899 *'' Etienneus'' Heurtault, 1984 *'' Hypoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thelyphonus
''Thelyphonus'' is the type genus of whip scorpions or 'vinegaroons' in the subfamily Thelyphoninae, with species found in Southeast Asia. Species , the World Uropygi Catalog accepts the following forty-five species: * '' Thelyphonus ambonensis'' (Speijer, 1933) – Indonesia * '' Thelyphonus angustus'' Lucas, 1835 – unknown * '' Thelyphonus anthracinus'' Pocock, 1894 – Malaysia * '' Thelyphonus asperatus'' Thorell, 1888 – Indonesia * '' Thelyphonus billitonensis'' Speijer, 1931 – Indonesia * '' Thelyphonus borneensis'' Kraepelin, 1897 – Borneo * '' Thelyphonus borneonus'' Haupt, 2009 – Borneo * '' Thelyphonus burchardi'' Kraepelin, 1911 – Indonesia * '' Thelyphonus caudatus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – Vietnam, Indonesia * '' Thelyphonus celebensis'' Kraepelin, 1897 – Indonesia * '' Thelyphonus dammermanni'' (Speijer, 1933) – Indonesia * '' Thelyphonus dicranotarsalis'' (Rowland, 1973) – Papua New Guinea * '' Thelyphonus doriae'' Thorell, 1888 – Malaysia * '' T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mastigoproctus
''Mastigoproctus'' is a genus of whip scorpions. Native to the tropical forest regions of northern South America, these whip scorpions can reach a length of up to and can weigh over . Despite popular belief, they are not venomous as, like all other whip scorpions, they do not possess venom glands. Species , the World Uropygi Catalog accepts the following seventeen species: *'' Mastigoproctus abeli'' Villarreal & Giupponi, 2009 – Venezuela *'' Mastigoproctus annectens'' Werner, 1916 – Brazil *'' Mastigoproctus ayalai'' Viquez & Armas, 2007 – Venezuela *''Mastigoproctus baracoensis'' Franganillo, 1931 – Cuba *''Mastigoproctus brasilianus'' (C. L. Koch, 1843) – Brazil *'' Mastigoproctus butleri'' Pocock, 1894 – Brazil *''Mastigoproctus cinteotl'' Barrales-Alcalá, Francke & Prendini, 2018 – Mexico *''Mastigoproctus colombianus'' Mello-Leitão, 1940 – Colombia *''Mastigoproctus formidabilis'' Hirst, 1912 – Venezuela *''Mastigoproctus giganteus'' (Lucas, 1835) – Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opisthosoma
The opisthosoma is the posterior part of the body in some arthropods, behind the prosoma (cephalothorax). It is a distinctive feature of the subphylum Chelicerata (arachnids, horseshoe crabs and others). Although it is similar in most respects to an abdomen (and is often referred to as such), the opisthosoma is differentiated by its inclusion of the respiratory organs (book lungs or book gills) and the heart. Segments The number of segments and appendages on the opisthosoma vary. Scorpions have 13, but the first is only seen during its embryological development. Other arachnids have fewer; harvestmen, for instance, have only ten. In general, appendages are absent or reduced, although in horseshoe crabs they persist as large plate-like limbs, called opercula or branchiophores, bearing the book gills, and that function in locomotion and gas exchange. In most chelicerates the opisthosomal limbs are greatly reduced and persist only as specialized structures, such as the silk-producing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crato Formation
The Crato Formation is a geologic formation of Early Cretaceous ( Aptian) age in northeastern Brazil's Araripe Basin. It is an important Lagerstätte (undisturbed fossil accumulation) for palaeontologists. The strata were laid down mostly during the Aptian age, about 113 million years ago. It thought to have been deposited in a semi-arid lacustrine wetland environment.Ribeiro et al., 2021 The Crato Formation earns the designation of Lagerstätte due to an exceedingly well preserved and diverse fossil faunal assemblage. Some 25 species of fossil fishes are often found with stomach contents preserved, enabling paleontologists to study predator-prey relationships in this ecosystem. There are also fine examples of pterosaurs, reptiles and amphibians, invertebrates (particularly insects), and plants. Even dinosaurs are represented: a new maniraptor was described in 1996. The unusual taphonomy of the site resulted in limestone accretions that formed nodules around dead organisms, pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Cretaceous
Lower may refer to: *Lower (surname) *Lower Township, New Jersey *Lower Receiver (firearms) *Lower Wick Lower Wick is a small hamlet located in the county of Gloucestershire, England. It is situated about five miles south west of Dursley, eighteen miles southwest of Gloucester and fifteen miles northeast of Bristol. Lower Wick is within the civil ... Gloucestershire, England See also * Nizhny {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liuzhou Whip Scorpion
Liuzhou (; , IPA Pronunciation:) is a prefecture-level city in north-central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. The prefecture's population was 3,758,700 in 2010, including 1,436,599 in the built-up area made of 4 urban districts. Its total area is and for the built up area. Geography Liuzhou is located on the banks of the winding Liu River, approximately from Nanning, the regional capital. By road, it is about to Guilin, to Hechi, to Nanning, to Fangchenggang, to Beihai. Swimming in the river is a tradition of the city. The river is normally green, but sometimes in summer, floods from the mountain areas upstream bring sediment which colors the water yellow. In early 2012, a cadmium spill upstream caused serious pollution worries.http://www.danwei.com/panic-buying-of-water-in-liuzhou-a-report-from-the-ground/ Panic buying of water in Liuzhou – a report from the ground The river can be deep. Normally, the depth is but can as deep as befo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pangaea
Pangaea or Pangea () was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras. It assembled from the earlier continental units of Gondwana, Euramerica and Siberia during the Carboniferous approximately 335 million years ago, and began to break apart about 200 million years ago, at the end of the Triassic and beginning of the Jurassic. In contrast to the present Earth and its distribution of continental mass, Pangaea was centred on the equator and surrounded by the superocean Panthalassa and the Paleo-Tethys Ocean, Paleo-Tethys and subsequent Tethys Ocean, Tethys Oceans. Pangaea is the most recent supercontinent to have existed and the first to be reconstructed by geologists. Origin of the concept The name "Pangaea" is derived from Ancient Greek ''pan'' (, "all, entire, whole") and ''Gaia (mythology), Gaia'' or Gaea (, "Mother goddess, Mother Earth, land"). The concept that the continents once formed a contiguous land mass was hypothesised, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carboniferous
The Carboniferous ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Permian Period, million years ago. The name ''Carboniferous'' means "coal-bearing", from the Latin '' carbō'' ("coal") and '' ferō'' ("bear, carry"), and refers to the many coal beds formed globally during that time. The first of the modern 'system' names, it was coined by geologists William Conybeare and William Phillips in 1822, based on a study of the British rock succession. The Carboniferous is often treated in North America as two geological periods, the earlier Mississippian and the later Pennsylvanian. Terrestrial animal life was well established by the Carboniferous Period. Tetrapods (four limbed vertebrates), which had originated from lobe-finned fish during the preceding Devonian, became pentadactylous in and diversified during the Carboniferous, including early amphibian line ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amblypygi
Amblypygi is an ancient order of arachnid chelicerate arthropods also known as African cave-dwelling spiders, whip spiders and tailless whip scorpions (not to be confused with whip scorpions or vinegaroons that belong to the related order Thelyphonida). The name "amblypygid" means "blunt tail", a reference to a lack of the flagellum that is otherwise seen in whip scorpions. Amblypygids possess no silk glands or venomous fangs. They rarely bite if threatened, but can grab fingers with their pedipalps, resulting in thorn-like puncture injuries. As of 2016, 5 families, 17 genera and around 155 species had been discovered and described. They are found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide; they are mainly found in warm and humid environments and like to stay protected and hidden within leaf litter, caves, or underneath bark. Some species are subterranean; all are nocturnal. Fossilized amblypygids have been found dating back to the Carboniferous period, such as ''Weygoldtina''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
