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Vikram I
The Vikram (Sanskrit: ', ; Namesake: Vikram Sarabhai) is a family of small-lift launch vehicles being developed by Skyroot Aerospace, an Indian startup aerospace company. Before a full orbital launch, a suborbital flight of rocket designated "Vikram-S" was performed on 18 November 2022 by the name of mission ''Prarambh'' (). Overview Skyroot Aerospace has successfully tested Vikram S, the sounding rocket. Vikram I is currently under development while the heavier launchers of Vikram II and Vikram III are proposed. Vikram I The Vikram I, first rocket in the series, has three solid fuel-powered stages each with a burn time ranging between 80 and 100 seconds and the final stage is Raman engine. The Raman engine is powered by MMH and NTO liquid fuels in a cluster of four engines that generate 3.4 kN thrust. These Raman Engines will be used to do final adjustments in the orbit of the stage. Vikram I is designed to lift 290 kg to a 500 km Sun synchronous polar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Small-lift Launch Vehicle
A small-lift launch vehicle is a rocket orbital launch vehicle that is capable of lifting or less (by NASA classification) or under (by Roscosmos classification) of payload into low Earth orbit (LEO). The next larger category consists of medium-lift launch vehicles.50t payloads" The first small-lift launch vehicle was the Sputnik rocket, launched by the Soviet Union, which was derived from the R-7 Semyorka ICBM. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik rocket was used to perform the world's first satellite launch, placing the Sputnik 1 satellite into a low Earth orbit. NASA responded by attempting to launch the Vanguard rocket. However, the Vanguard TV3 launch attempt failed, with the 31 January 1958 launch of the Explorer 1 satellite using the Juno I rocket being the first successful NASA orbital launch. The Vanguard I mission was the second successful NASA orbital launch. This was the start of the space race. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dinitrogen Tetroxide
Dinitrogen tetroxide, commonly referred to as nitrogen tetroxide (NTO), and occasionally (usually among ex-USSR/Russia rocket engineers) as amyl, is the chemical compound N2O4. It is a useful reagent in chemical synthesis. It forms an equilibrium mixture with nitrogen dioxide. Its molar mass is 92.011 g/mol. Dinitrogen tetroxide is a powerful oxidizer that is hypergolic (spontaneously reacts) upon contact with various forms of hydrazine, which has made the pair a common bipropellant for rockets. Structure and properties Dinitrogen tetroxide could be regarded as two nitro groups (-NO2) bonded together. It forms an equilibrium mixture with nitrogen dioxide. The molecule is planar with an N-N bond distance of 1.78Å and N-O distances of 1.19Å. The N-N distance corresponds to a weak bond, since it is significantly longer than the average N-N single bond length of 1.45Å. This exceptionally weak σ bond (amounting to overlapping of the ''sp''2 hybrid orbitals of the two NO2 units) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Launch Vehicle
A launch vehicle or carrier rocket is a rocket designed to carry a payload (spacecraft or satellites) from the Earth's surface to outer space. Most launch vehicles operate from a launch pad, launch pads, supported by a missile launch control center, launch control center and systems such as vehicle assembly and fueling. Launch vehicles are engineered with advanced aerodynamics and technologies, which contribute to large operating costs. An orbital spaceflight, orbital launch vehicle must lift its payload at least to the boundary of space, approximately and accelerate it to a horizontal velocity of at least . Suborbital spaceflight, Suborbital vehicles launch their payloads to lower velocity or are launched at elevation angles greater than horizontal. Practical orbital launch vehicles are multistage rockets which use chemical propellants such as Solid-propellant rocket, solid fuel, liquid hydrogen, kerosene, liquid oxygen, or Hypergolic propellants. Launch vehicles are cla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Orbital Launch Systems
This is a list of conventional orbital launch systems. This is composed of launch vehicles, and other conventional systems, used to place satellites into orbit. Argentina *ORBIT II – ''Retired'' *TRONADOR – ''Under Development'' Australia * AUSROCK IV – ''Retired'' *Eris (Gilmour Space Technologies) – ''Under Development'' Brazil *VLS-1 – ''Retired'' * VLM – ''Under Development'' China *Ceres-1 *Feng Bao 1 – ''Retired'' *Hyperbola-1 * Jielong ** Jielong 1 **Jielong 3 *Kaituozhe-1 – ''Retired'' *Kuaizhou *Long March **Long March 1 – ''Retired'' ***Long March 1D **Long March 2 ***Long March 2A – ''Retired'' ***Long March 2C ***Long March 2D ***Long March 2E – ''Retired'' ***Long March 2F **Long March 3 – ''Retired'' ***Long March 3A ***Long March 3B – ''Retired'' ***Long March 3B/E ***Long March 3C **Long March 4 ***Long March 4A – ''Retired'' ***Long March 4B ***Long March 4C **Long March 5 ***Long March 5B **Long March 6 ***Long March 6A **Long M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Small Satellite Launch Vehicle
The Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) is a small-lift launch vehicle developed by ISRO with payload capacity to deliver to low Earth orbit () or to Sun-synchronous orbit () for launching small satellites, with the capability to support multiple orbital drop-offs. SSLV is made keeping low cost, low turnaround time in mind with launch-on-demand flexibility under minimal infrastructure requirements. The maiden flight SSLV-D1 was conducted on 7 August 2022, from the First Launch Pad, but failed to reach a stable orbit. In the future, a dedicated launch site called SSLV Launch Complex (SLC) near Kulasekharapatnam in Tamil Nadu will handle SSLV launches to Sun-synchronous orbit. After entering the operational phase, the vehicle's production and launch operations will be done by a consortium of Indian firms along with NewSpace India Limited (NSIL). Vehicle description The SSLV was developed with the aim of launching small satellites commercially at drastically reduced p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre
The Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) is a research and development centre functioning under Indian Space Research Organisation. It has two units located at Valiamala, in Thiruvananthapuram of Kerala, and Bengaluru of Karnataka. LPSC is augmented by ISRO Propulsion Complex at Mahendragiri of Tamil Nadu. LPSC is engaged in development of liquid and cryogenic propulsion stages for launch vehicles and auxiliary propulsion systems for both launch vehicles and satellites. Activities related to liquid propulsion stages, cryogenic propulsion stages and control systems for launch vehicles and spacecraft is done at Thiruvananthapuram. Precision fabrication facilities, development of transducers and integration of satellite propulsion systems are carried out at Bangalore. The developmental and flight tests along with assembly and integration are done at ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri in Tamil Nadu. The development of liquid propellant stages for PSLV, control systems for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IN-SPACe
Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Centre (IN–SPACe) is a single-window autonomous agency under the Department of Space of the Government of India. Space programme in India has been developed over a period of more than five decades with a strong focus on application driven programmes and bringing space to the services of the common man. In the process, it has become one of the six largest space agencies in the world. ISRO maintains one of the largest fleets of GEO communication and LEO remote sensing satellites, that cater to the ever-growing demand for fast and reliable communication and earth observation respectively. All these years ISRO has developed several industries and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) as a supply chain partners in realization of launch vehicles and satellites. In view of the growing space sector business across the globe and to harness the huge untapped potential that exists in the country in terms of human resources, technic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISRO
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO; ) is the national space agency of India, headquartered in Bengaluru. It operates under the Department of Space (DOS) which is directly overseen by the Prime Minister of India, while the Chairman of ISRO acts as the executive of DOS as well. ISRO is India's primary agency for performing tasks related to space-based applications, space exploration and the development of related technologies. It is one of six government space agencies in the world which possess full launch capabilities, deploy cryogenic engines, launch extraterrestrial missions and operate large fleets of artificial satellites. The Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) was established by Jawaharlal Nehru under the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) in 1962, on the urging of scientist Vikram Sarabhai, recognising the need in space research. INCOSPAR grew and became ISRO in 1969, within DAE. In 1972, the government of India set up a Space Commissio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vikram-S Rocket's Mission Prarambh 01
Vikram-S is India's first privately built rocket. Its maiden flight lifted on 18 November 2022 at 11 A.M. from Sounding Rocket Complex, Sriharikota. The rocket was designed and developed by Skyroot Aerospace. History Vikram-S, India's first privately built rocket was launched on 18 November 2022 by Skyroot Aerospace from Sriharikota. The first mission of the rocket launch has been designated as 'Prarambh', meaning beginning. As a tribute the rocket has been named after Vikram Sarabhai, who is considered as the father of India's space programme. Rocket Vikram-S rocket is developed by Skyroot Aerospace and the launch was assisted by ISRO and IN-SPACe (Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre). The rocket reached an apogee of 89.5km. Launch history See also * Agnibaan-SOrTeD * Vikram (rocket) * Skyroot Aerospace * Bellatrix Aerospace * Indian Space Research Organisation The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO; ) is the national space agency ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Times Of India
''The Times of India'', also known by its abbreviation ''TOI'', is an Indian English-language daily newspaper and digital news media owned and managed by The Times Group. It is the third-largest newspaper in India by circulation and largest selling English-language daily in the world. It is the oldest English-language newspaper in India, and the second-oldest Indian newspaper still in circulation, with its first edition published in 1838. It is nicknamed as "The Old Lady of Bori Bunder", and is an Indian " newspaper of record". Near the beginning of the 20th century, Lord Curzon, the Viceroy of India, called ''TOI'' "the leading paper in Asia". In 1991, the BBC ranked ''TOI'' among the world's six best newspapers. It is owned and published by Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. (B.C.C.L.), which is owned by the Sahu Jain family. In the Brand Trust Report India study 2019, ''TOI'' was rated as the most trusted English newspaper in India. Reuters rated ''TOI'' as India's most trus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vikram 1
The Vikram ( Sanskrit: ', ; Namesake: Vikram Sarabhai) is a family of small-lift launch vehicles being developed by Skyroot Aerospace, an Indian startup aerospace company. Before a full orbital launch, a suborbital flight of rocket designated "Vikram-S" was performed on 18 November 2022 by the name of mission ''Prarambh'' (). Overview Skyroot Aerospace has successfully tested Vikram S, the sounding rocket. Vikram I is currently under development while the heavier launchers of Vikram II and Vikram III are proposed. Vikram I The Vikram I, first rocket in the series, has three solid fuel-powered stages each with a burn time ranging between 80 and 100 seconds and the final stage is Raman engine. The Raman engine is powered by MMH and NTO liquid fuels in a cluster of four engines that generate 3.4 kN thrust. These Raman Engines will be used to do final adjustments in the orbit of the stage. Vikram I is designed to lift 290 kg to a 500 km Sun synchronous pola ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vikram-S
Vikram-S is India's first privately built rocket. Its maiden flight lifted on 18 November 2022 at 11 A.M. from Sounding Rocket Complex, Sriharikota. The rocket was designed and developed by Skyroot Aerospace. History Vikram-S, India's first privately built rocket was launched on 18 November 2022 by Skyroot Aerospace from Sriharikota. The first mission of the rocket launch has been designated as 'Prarambh', meaning beginning. As a tribute the rocket has been named after Vikram Sarabhai, who is considered as the father of India's space programme. Rocket Vikram-S rocket is developed by Skyroot Aerospace and the launch was assisted by ISRO and IN-SPACe (Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre). The rocket reached an apogee of 89.5km. Launch history See also * Agnibaan-SOrTeD * Vikram (rocket) * Skyroot Aerospace * Bellatrix Aerospace * Indian Space Research Organisation The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO; ) is the national space agency ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
