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Victorivirus
''Victorivirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Totiviridae ''Totiviridae'' is a family of double-stranded RNA viruses. Giardia lamblia, leishmania, trichomonas vaginalis, and fungi serve as natural hosts. The name of the group derives from Latin ''toti'' which means undivided or whole. There are 28 spec ...''. Filamentous fungi serve as natural hosts. There are 14 species in this genus. Structure Viruses in ''Victorivirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=2 symmetry. The diameter is around 40 nm. Genomes are linear, around 4.6-6.7kb in length. The genome has 2 open reading frames. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by virus remains intracellular. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by RNA termination-reinitiation. The virus exits the host cell by cell to cell movem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Totiviridae
''Totiviridae'' is a family of double-stranded RNA viruses. Giardia lamblia, leishmania, trichomonas vaginalis, and fungi serve as natural hosts. The name of the group derives from Latin ''toti'' which means undivided or whole. There are 28 species in this family, assigned to 5 genera. Structure Viruses in the family ''Totiviridae'' are non-enveloped, double-stranded RNA viruses with icosahedral geometries, and T=2 symmetry. The virion consists of a single capsid protein and is about 40 nanometers in diameter. Genome The genome is composed of a monopartite, linear double-stranded RNA molecule of 4.6–6.7 kilobases. It contains two overlapping open reading frames (ORF) – ''gag'' and ''pol –'' which respectively encode the capsid protein and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Some totiviruses contain a third small potential ORF. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus tran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryogenic Electron Microscopy
Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a cryomicroscopy technique applied on samples cooled to cryogenic temperatures. For biological specimens, the structure is preserved by embedding in an environment of vitreous ice. An aqueous sample solution is applied to a grid-mesh and plunge-frozen in liquid ethane or a mixture of liquid ethane and propane. While development of the technique began in the 1970s, recent advances in detector technology and software algorithms have allowed for the determination of biomolecular structures at near-atomic resolution. This has attracted wide attention to the approach as an alternative to X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy for macromolecular structure determination without the need for crystallization. In 2017, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson "for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution." ''Nature ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helminthosporium Victoriae Virus 190S
''Helminthosporium'' is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Massarinaceae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Species Species: *''Helminthosporium abietis'' *''Helminthosporium abutilonis'' *''Helminthosporium acaciae ''Helminthosporium'' is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Massarinaceae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Species Species: *''Helminthosporium abietis'' *''Helminthosporium abutilonis ''Helminthosporium'' is a genus of fun ...'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3129938 Fungus genera Pleosporales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tolypocladium Cylindrosporum Virus 1
''Tolypocladium'' is a genus of fungi within the family Ophiocordycipitaceae. It includes species that are parasites of other fungi, insect pathogens, rotifer pathogens and soil inhabiting species with uncertain ecological roles. ''Tolypocladium'' was originally circumscribed as a genus containing anamorphic fungi. It was later determined that some ''Cordyceps''-like teleomorphic fungi were the teleomorphs of ''Tolypocladium'' species. These species were considered to belong in the genus ''Cordyceps'' until molecular phylogenetics studies found these species to be more closely related to ''Ophiocordyceps'' and were considered to belong in that genus before they were transferred to the new genus ''Elaphocordyceps'' by Sung and colleagues in 2007. However, under the ICN's 2011 " one fungus, one name" principle, fungi can not have different names for their anamorphic and teleomorphic stages if they are found to be the same taxon. Quandt and colleagues formally synonymized ''Tolypocl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosellinia Necatrix Victorivirus 1
''Rosellinia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae consisting of over 90 species. Several of the species in this genus are plant pathogens. Fossils of ''Rosellinia'' have been found in 12 million year old rocks from central England. The genus was circumscribed by Giuseppe De Notaris in Giorn. Bot. Ital. vol.1 (Issue 1) on page 334 in 1844. The genus name of ''Rosellinia'' is in honour of Ferdinando Pio Rosellini (1814–1872), who was an Italian mathematician and botanist Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo .... Species This is a complete listing of all currently accepted species in ''Rosellinia'', based on the 2005 study by Petrini and Petrini. '' R. abscondita'' — '' R. aquila'' — '' R. arcuata'' — '' R. asperata'' — '' R. b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnaporthe Oryzae Virus 2
''Magnaporthe'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi. Several of the species are cereal pathogen In biology, a pathogen ( el, πάθος, "suffering", "passion" and , "producer of") in the oldest and broadest sense, is any organism or agent that can produce disease. A pathogen may also be referred to as an infectious agent, or simply a germ ...s. There are five species in the widespread genus. References Sordariomycetes genera Magnaporthales Fungal plant pathogens and diseases {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnaporthe Oryzae Virus 1
''Magnaporthe'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi. Several of the species are cereal pathogen In biology, a pathogen ( el, πάθος, "suffering", "passion" and , "producer of") in the oldest and broadest sense, is any organism or agent that can produce disease. A pathogen may also be referred to as an infectious agent, or simply a germ ...s. There are five species in the widespread genus. References Sordariomycetes genera Magnaporthales Fungal plant pathogens and diseases {{fungus-plant-disease-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gremmeniella Abietina RNA Virus L1
''Gremmeniella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Helotiaceae. The genus contains at least 3 species. The genus name of ''Gremmeniella'' is in honour of J. Gremmen (fl. 1953) a Dutch botaniker (Mycology), plant pathologist, from the Forest Research Station T.N.O. in Wageningen. The genus was circumscribed by Michel Morele in Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Archéol. Toulon & Var vol.183 on page 9 in 1969. ''Gremmeniella abietina'' is a plant pathogen Plant pathology (also phytopathology) is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomyc ... that causes scleroderris canker. Species *'' Gremmeniella abietina'' *''Gremmeniella juniperina'' *''Gremmeniella laricina'' *''Gremmeniella pinicola'' *''Gremmeniella baggina'' References Helotiaceae {{Leotiomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helicobasidium Mompa Totivirus 1-17
''Helicobasidium'' is a genus of fungus in the family Helicobasidiaceae. Species *'' Helicobasidium albicans'' *'' Helicobasidium anomalum'' *'' Helicobasidium arboreum'' *'' Helicobasidium candidum'' *''Helicobasidium cirratum'' *'' Helicobasidium cirrhatum'' *'' Helicobasidium compactum'' *''Helicobasidium corticioides'' *''Helicobasidium filicinum'' *'' Helicobasidium hemispira'' *'' Helicobasidium holospirum'' *'' Helicobasidium hypochnoides'' *''Helicobasidium inconspicuum'' *''Helicobasidium incrustans'' *''Helicobasidium killermannii'' *''Helicobasidium longisporum'' *''Helicobasidium peckii'' *''Helicobasidium purpureum'' *''Helicobasidium smilacinum'' *''Helicobasidium tanakae ''Helicobasidium'' is a genus of fungus in the family Helicobasidiaceae. Species *'' Helicobasidium albicans'' *'' Helicobasidium anomalum'' *'' Helicobasidium arboreum'' *'' Helicobasidium candidum'' *'' Helicobasidium cirratum'' *'' Helicoba ...'' References Basidiomycota genera He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virions
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,Dimmock p. 4 more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology. When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or ''virions'', consisting of (i) the genetic material, i.e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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