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Vesenkha
Supreme Board of the National Economy, Superior Board of the People's Economy, (Высший совет народного хозяйства, ВСНХ, ''Vysshiy sovet narodnogo khozyaystva'', VSNKh) was the superior state institution for management of the economy of the RSFSR and later of the Soviet Union. There were two institutions with this name, at different times, 1917–1932 and 1963–1965. 1917–1932 The VSNKh of the first period was the supreme organ of the management of the economy, mainly of the industry. Foundation The VSNKh was launched on December 5, 1917 through a decree of the Council of People's Commissars (Sovnarkom) and All-Russian Central Executive Committee of Soviets of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic.Alec Nove, ''An Economic History of the USSR.'' New Edition. London: Penguin Books, 1989; pg. 42. Its stated purpose was to "plan for the organization of the economic life of the country and the financial resources of the government". It was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergo Ordzhonikidze
Sergo Konstantinovich Ordzhonikidze,, ; russian: Серго Константинович Орджоникидзе, Sergo Konstantinovich Ordzhonikidze) born Grigol Konstantines dze Orjonikidze, russian: Григорий Константинович Орджоникидзе (18 February 1937), was a Georgian Bolshevik and Soviet politician. Born and raised in Georgia, Ordzhonikidze joined the Bolsheviks at an early age and quickly rose within the ranks to become an important figure within the group. Arrested and imprisoned several times by the Russian police, he was in Siberian exile when the February Revolution began in 1917. Returning from exile, Ordzhonikidze took part in the October Revolution that brought the Bolsheviks to power. During the subsequent Civil War he played an active role as the leading Bolshevik in the Caucasus, overseeing the invasions of Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia. He backed their union into the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valerian Osinsky
Valerian Valerianovich Obolensky (Russian: Валериа́н Валериа́нович Оболе́нский; 25 March 1887 – 1 September 1938) (who worked under the pseudonym Nikolai Osinsky) was a Russian Bolshevik The Bolsheviks (russian: Большевики́, from большинство́ ''bol'shinstvó'', 'majority'),; derived from ''bol'shinstvó'' (большинство́), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority". also known in English ... revolutionary, Marxism, Marxist theorist, Soviet Union, Soviet politician, economist and Professor of the Agricultural Academy of Moscow. Early life Valerian Obolensky was born in Kursk Oblast, Kursk province, where his father was manager of a stud farm. While studying at the Faculty of Law of the Imperial Moscow University, Moscow University, Obolensky participated in the 1905 Russian Revolution and distributed revolutionary literature among students and was a reporter for the newspaper ''Izvestia, Izvestiya''. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgy Oppokov
Georgy Ippolitovich Oppokov (russian: Гео́ргий Ипполи́тович Оппо́ков; also known as Afanasi Lomov) (28 January 1888 – 2 September 1937) was a prominent Bolshevik leader, Soviet politician and the first People's Commissar for Justice of Soviet Russia. Early career Georgi Oppokov was born in Saratov, the son of a bank manager and member of the minor nobility. He joined the Bolsheviks as a schoolboy, in 1903, and led a combat squad in Saratov during the 1905 revolution. In 1907-08, he was a member of the Moscow committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. Arrested in July 1910, he was exiled to the Arkhangelsk region for three years. Released in February 1913, under an amnesty to mark the tricentenary of the Romanov dynasty, he returned to Moscow, and was one of the founders of the metal workers' union. He was expelled from Moscow in 1914, and returned to Saratov, where he was arrested in April 1916, and deported to Irkutsk. Post-revoluti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All-Russian Council For Workers' Control
The All-Russian Council for Workers' Control (russian: Всероссийский совет рабочего контроля) was established by the Bolsheviks shortly after their seizure of power in 1917. It held two meetings on 28 November and 5 December 1917. At this second meeting it was dissolved into the Supreme Soviet of the National Economy (Vesenkha). It was composed of representatives of various state and labour organisations such as the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the All-Russian Council of Trade Unions, the All-Russian Council of Factory Committees. It played a key role in determining the extent to which workers' control became a feature of the socio-economic make up of Russian society in the wake of the Russian Revolution The Russian Revolution was a period of Political revolution (Trotskyism), political and social revolution that took place in the former Russian Empire which began during the First World War. This period saw Russia abolish its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Felix Dzerzhinsky
Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky ( pl, Feliks Dzierżyński ; russian: Фе́ликс Эдму́ндович Дзержи́нский; – 20 July 1926), nicknamed "Iron Felix", was a Bolshevik revolutionary and official, born into Poland, Polish nobility. From 1917 until his death in 1926, Dzerzhinsky led the first two Soviet National Security, state-security organizations, the Cheka and the OGPU, establishing a Chronology of Soviet secret police agencies, secret police for the Russian Revolution, post-revolutionary Sovnarkom, Soviet regime. He was one of the architects of the Red Terror and decossackization. Early life Felix Dzerzhinsky was born on 11 September 1877 to ethnically Poles, Polish parents of noble descent, at the Dzerzhinovo family estate, about from the small town of Ivyanets in the Minsk Governorate of the Russian Empire (now Belarus). In the Russian Empire, his family was of a type known as "Uradel, column-listed nobility" (russian: столбовое двор ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Commissariat Of Heavy Industry
The People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry (Narkomtiazhprom; russian: Народный комиссариат тяжёлой промышленности СССР) was a government ministry in the Soviet Union in 1930s. Brief overview The People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry, known by the acronym NKTP, was founded in 1932 out of the Supreme Soviet of the National Economy and was responsible for all heavy industrial goods, including mining, machinery and defense goods. The defense industry assets were separated in December 1936, with the creation of the People's Commissariat of the Defense Industry, and in August 1937 there was set up the People's Commissariat for Mechanical Engineering. In early 1939 the NKTP was divided into six separate commissariats. Succeeding commissariats * People's Commissariat of the Defense Industry * People's Commissariat for Mechanical Engineering * People's Commissariat of Fuel Industry * People's Commissariat of Ferrous Metallurgy * People's Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Light Industry
The Ministry of Light Industry (russian: Министерство лёгкой промышленности), also known as Minlegprom, was a government ministry in the Soviet Union which was responsible for consumer goods production. History The People's Commissariat of Light Industry (NKIP SSSR) was established by decree of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars USSR on 5 January 1932. It was reorganized by the Stalin Constitution of 1936 into a union-republic commissariat. The Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars USSR confirmed the formation of union-republic commissariats of light industry in the RSFSR and the Ukraine on 19 September 1936. People's Commissariats of Light Industry (NKLP) were set up in the remaining union republics by the government decrees of 22 December 1936 and 3, 8, 10, and ll January 1937. On 2 January 1939 the NKIP SSSR was divided into the NKTP SSSR ( People's Commissariat of Textile Industr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Forestry
The Ministry of Forestry (russian: Министерство лесного хозяйства СССР) was a government ministry in the Soviet Union in charge of the protection and management of forest resources. History On 2 July 1936, the Main Administration of Forest Conservation and Forestation under the Council of People's Commissars USSR was formed by decree of the Central Executive Committee and Council of People's Commissars. On 4 April 1947, the union-republic Ministry of Forestry with ministries of forestries in all union republics was formed on the basis of the Main Administration of Forest Conservation (apparently a change in name occurred between 1936 and 1947) under the Council of Ministers USSR by ukase of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet USSR. List of ministers ''Source'': * German Motovilov (4.4.1947 - 20.11.1948) * Aleksandr Bovin (20.11.1948 - 15.3.1953) References Forestry Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarusian SSR
The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR, or Byelorussian SSR; be, Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка, Bielaruskaja Savieckaja Sacyjalistyčnaja Respublika; russian: Белорусская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Byelorusskaya Sovyetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika or russian: links=no, Белорусская ССР, Belorusskaya SSR), also commonly referred to in English as Byelorussia, was a republic of the Soviet Union (USSR). It existed between 1920 and 1922, and from 1922 to 1991 as one of fifteen constituent republics of the USSR, with its own legislation from 1990 to 1991. The republic was ruled by the Communist Party of Byelorussia and was also referred to as Soviet Byelorussia or Soviet Belarus by a number of historians. Other names for Byelorussia included White Russian Soviet Socialist Republic and Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. To the we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Republic
The Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics or the Union Republics ( rus, Сою́зные Респу́блики, r=Soyúznye Respúbliki) were National delimitation in the Soviet Union, national-based administrative units of the Soviet Union, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The Soviet Union was formed in 1922 by a Treaty on the Creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, treaty between the Soviet republics of Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussia, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russia, Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, Transcaucasia, and Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukraine, by which they became its constituent republics. For most of its history, the USSR was a highly Centralisation, centralized state despite its nominal structure as a federation of republics; the decentralization reforms during the era of ''perestroika'' and ''glasnost'' conducted by Mikhail Gorbachev are cited as o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasili Schmidt
Vasily Vladimirovich Schmidt (Russian: Василий Владимирович Шмидт; December 17, 1886 – July 28, 1938) was a Bolshevik politician, and later a Soviet statesman. Born in Saint Petersburg to a German Russian working-class family. He was a member of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party from 1905. From February 1917, he became the secretary of the Petrograd Committee of the RSDLP (B) and the Central Council of Trade Unions of Petrograd and a member of the Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee. On 1 December 1918, he was appointed People's Commissar for Labour, a post he held until 29 November 1928. The English journalist Arthur Ransome met him soon after his appointment, and described him as "a clean-shaven, intelligent young man, whose attention to business methods is reflected in his Commissariat, which is extremely clean and very well organised." Schmidt told him that the commissariat was "controlled directly by the unions" , and that he was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finance
Finance is the study and discipline of money, currency and capital assets. It is related to, but not synonymous with economics, the study of production, distribution, and consumption of money, assets, goods and services (the discipline of financial economics bridges the two). Finance activities take place in financial systems at various scopes, thus the field can be roughly divided into personal, corporate, and public finance. In a financial system, assets are bought, sold, or traded as financial instruments, such as currencies, loans, bonds, shares, stocks, options, futures, etc. Assets can also be banked, invested, and insured to maximize value and minimize loss. In practice, risks are always present in any financial action and entities. A broad range of subfields within finance exist due to its wide scope. Asset, money, risk and investment management aim to maximize value and minimize volatility. Financial analysis is viability, stability, and profitability asse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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