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Vera Bate Lombardi
Vera Bate Lombardi (born Vera Nina Arkwright, 11 August 1883 – 22 May 1948) was a socialite and close associate of Coco Chanel and the mother of Bridget Bate Tichenor. A British citizen at birth, she became a citizen of the United States after her first marriage and of Italy after her second marriage. She was arrested in Italy in 1943 under suspicions of spying for the British during World War II. After her release, she made her way to Madrid, where she denounced Chanel for collaborating with the Nazis. Early life Lombardi was born at 17 Ovington Square, Kensington, London, 11 August 1883, the daughter of Frank Wigsell Arkwright and his then wife Rosa Baring.http://www.anthonyjcamp.com/page16.htm osa Frederica (Baring) FitzGeorge/ref> She is said to have been raised by Margaret Evelyn Grosvenor, Marchioness of Cambridge. This association is said to have assured Lombardi a place in the highest strata of British society. She was, through her mother's second marriage, the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coco Chanel
Gabrielle Bonheur "Coco" Chanel ( , ; 19 August 1883 – 10 January 1971) was a French fashion designer and businesswoman. The founder and namesake of the Chanel brand, she was credited in the post-World War I era with popularizing a sporty, casual chic as the feminine standard of style. This replaced the " corseted silhouette" that was dominant beforehand with a style that was simpler, far less time consuming to put on and remove, more comfortable, and less expensive, all without sacrificing elegance. She is the only fashion designer listed on ''Time'' magazine's list of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century. A prolific fashion creator, Chanel extended her influence beyond couture clothing, realizing her aesthetic design in jewellery, handbags, and fragrance. Her signature scent, Chanel No. 5, has become an iconic product, and Chanel herself designed her famed interlocked-CC monogram, which has been in use since the 1920s. Her couture house closed in 1939, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Fascist Party
The National Fascist Party ( it, Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF) was a political party in Italy, created by Benito Mussolini as the political expression of Italian Fascism and as a reorganization of the previous Italian Fasces of Combat. The party ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1922 when Fascists took power with the March on Rome until the fall of the Fascist regime in 1943, when Mussolini was deposed by the Grand Council of Fascism. It was succeeded, in the territories under the control of the Italian Social Republic, by the Republican Fascist Party, ultimately dissolved at the end of World War II. The National Fascist Party was rooted in Italian nationalismStanley G. Payne. A History of Fascism, 1914–1945. p. 106.Roger Griffin, "Nationalism" in Cyprian Blamires, ed., ''World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia'', vol. 2 (Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2006), pp. 451–53. and the desire to restore and expand Italian territories, which Italian Fascists deemed neces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1948 Deaths
Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The Constitution of New Jersey (later subject to amendment) goes into effect. ** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British Railways. * January 4 – Burma gains its independence from the United Kingdom, becoming an independent republic, named the ''Union of Burma'', with Sao Shwe Thaik as its first President, and U Nu its first Prime Minister. * January 5 ** Warner Brothers shows the first color newsreel (''Tournament of Roses Parade'' and the '' Rose Bowl Game''). ** The first Kinsey Report, ''Sexual Behavior in the Human Male'', is published in the United States. * January 7 – Mantell UFO incident: Kentucky Air National Guard pilot Thomas Mantell crashes while in pursuit of an unidentified flying object. * January 12 – Mahatma Gandhi begins his fast-unto-death in Delhi, to stop communal violence during the Partition of India. * January 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1883 Births
Events January–March * January 4 – ''Life'' magazine is founded in Los Angeles, California, United States. * January 10 – A fire at the Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, kills 73 people. * January 16 – The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States civil service, is passed. * January 19 – The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service in Roselle, New Jersey, United States, installed by Thomas Edison. * February – ''The Adventures of Pinocchio'' by Carlo Collodi is first published complete in book form, in Italy. * February 15 – Tokyo Electrical Lightning Grid, predecessor of Tokyo Electrical Power (TEPCO), one of the largest electrical grids in Asia and the world, is founded in Japan. * February 16 – The '' Ladies' Home Journal'' is published for the first time, in the United States. * February 23 – Alabama becomes the first U.S. stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugh Grosvenor, 2nd Duke Of Westminster
Hugh Richard Arthur Grosvenor, 2nd Duke of Westminster, (familiarly " Bendor"; 19 March 1879 – 19 July 1953) was a British landowner and one of the wealthiest men in the world. He was the son of Victor Grosvenor, Earl Grosvenor, son of the 1st Duke of Westminster, and Lady Sibell Lumley, the daughter of the 9th Earl of Scarborough. Nickname "Bend'Or" From his childhood and during his adult life he was known within family circles as "Bendor", which was also the name of the racehorse Bend Or owned by his grandfather the first Duke, which won The Derby in 1880, the year following his grandson's birth. The name is a jovial reference to the ancient lost armorials of the family: ''Azure, a bend or'', which were awarded to the Scrope family in the famous case of 1389 heard before the Court of Chivalry, known as ''Scrope v Grosvenor''. His wife Loelia wrote in her memoirs: "Of course everybody, even his parents and sisters, would normally have addressed the baby as "Belgrave" so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Molyneux
Edward Henry Molyneux () (5 September 1891 – 23 March 1974) was a leading British fashion designer whose salon in Paris was in operation from 1919 until 1950. He was characterised as a modernist designer who played with the refinements of couture style, a modernist aesthetic, and the desire to be socially and culturally advanced. Early life Edward Molyneux was born on 5 September 1891 in Hampstead, London, to Justin Molyneux and Lizzy Kenny. He was of Irish and French Huguenot ancestry. His uncle was Major Edward Mary Joseph Molyneux, who became known for his paintings of the Kashmir region. Edward was educated at Beaumont College, a Roman Catholic public school. Owing to the death of his father, he left school at the age of 16 to support himself and his mother while pursuing his ambitions as a painter and illustrator. Career Molyneux found employment as a sketch artist for the London edition of the American magazine ''The Smart Set'', where his drawings of fashionable wome ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Chanel
Chanel ( , ) is a French high-end luxury fashion house founded in 1910 by Coco Chanel in Paris. Chanel specializes in women's ready-to-wear, luxury goods, and accessories and licenses its name and branding to Luxottica for eyewear. Chanel is well known for its No. 5 perfume and "Chanel Suit". Chanel is credited for revolutionizing ''haute couture'' and ready-to-wear by replacing structured, corseted silhouettes with more functional garments that women still found flattering. History Coco Chanel Era ;Establishment and recognition (1909–1920s) The House of Chanel originated in 1909 when Gabrielle Chanel opened a millinery shop at 160 Boulevard Malesherbes, the ground floor of the Parisian flat of the socialite and textile businessman Étienne Balsan, of whom she was the mistress. Because the Balsan flat also was a salon for the French hunting and sporting élite, Chanel had the opportunity to meet their ''demi-mondaine'' mistresses who, as such, were women of fashion, u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Relation
Public relations (PR) is the practice of managing and disseminating information from an individual or an organization (such as a business, government agency, or a nonprofit organization) to the public in order to influence their perception. Public relations and publicity differ in that PR is controlled internally, whereas publicity is not controlled and contributed by external parties. Public relations may include an organization or individual gaining publicity, exposure to their audiences using topics of public interest and news items that do not require direct payment. The exposure mostly is Mass media, media-based. This differentiates it from advertising as a form of marketing communications. Public relations aims to create or obtain coverage for clients for free, also known as earned media, rather than paying for marketing or advertising also known as paid media. But in the early 21st century, advertising is also a part of broader PR activities. An example of good public re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (; 29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who founded and led the National Fascist Party. He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his deposition in 1943, and "Duce" of Italian Fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919 until his execution in 1945 by Italian partisans. As dictator of Italy and principal founder of fascism, Mussolini inspired and supported the international spread of fascist movements during the inter-war period. Mussolini was originally a socialist politician and a journalist at the ''Avanti!'' newspaper. In 1912, he became a member of the National Directorate of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), but he was expelled from the PSI for advocating military intervention in World War I, in opposition to the party's stance on neutrality. In 1914, Mussolini founded a new journal, ''Il Popolo d'Italia'', and served in the Royal Italian Army durin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick Blantford Bate
Frederick Blantford Bate was an American broadcaster of the early 20th century, and was a representative for NBC in Britain during World War II. He was the husband of Vera Bate Lombardi, the British socialite, and the father of Bridget Bate Tichenor, the surrealist artist. Career Frederick Blantford Bate born in Virginia in 1886. His first marriage was to the Chicago candy-manufacturing heiress Sally K. Plows (1889-1947), that ended in divorce on the grounds of his desertion. He was active with the first automobile ambulance service during the First World War and was a mechanical officer, involved with the organization of the first American Ambulance that became an ambulance service connected with the First World War armies in the field.Andrew, Adam Piatt: Friends of France: The Field Service of the American Ambulance Described By Its Members, Boston & New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1916, Chapter XV. During his time in France he met Vera Arkwright, who was serving at the Am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bridget Bate Tichenor
Bridget Bate Tichenor (born Bridget Pamela Arkwright Bate) (November 22, 1917 – October 20, 1990) was a British surrealist painter of fantastic art in the school of magic realism and a fashion editor. Born in Paris, she later embraced Mexico as her home.Orenstein Ph.D., Gloria. "The Surrealist Cosmovision of Bridget Tichenor", ''FEMSPEC - an Interdisciplinary Feminist Journal'', Issue 1.1, June 1999. Family and early life in Europe Bate was the daughter of Frederick Blantford Bate (c. 1886–1970) and Vera Nina Arkwright (1883–1948), who was also known as Vera Bate Lombardi. Although born in France, she spent her youth in England and attended schools in England, France, and Italy. She moved to Paris at age 16, to live with her mother, where she worked as a model for Coco Chanel.Charles-Roux, Edmonde. ''Chanel: Her Life, Her World, and the Woman Behind the Legend She Herself Created'', New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1975 , pp. 249, 250, 256, 323, 331–43, 355, 359. She lived b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George FitzGeorge
Colonel George William Adolphus FitzGeorge (24 August 1843 – 2 September 1907) was a British soldier and a great-grandson of King George III of the United Kingdom. Early life Colonel FitzGeorge was born on 24 August 1843 in London. He was the eldest of the three sons of the 2nd Duke of Cambridge and Louisa Fairbrother (the other sons were Admiral Sir Adolphus FitzGeorge and Colonel Sir Augustus FitzGeorge). As his parents were married in contravention of the Royal Marriages Act 1772, he was ineligible to succeed his father as Duke of Cambridge and along with his siblings did not hold royal titles. Through his father, he was a great-grandson of King George III of the United Kingdom and first cousin to Queen Mary. Through his mother, he was a grandson of Mary Tucker, whose maiden name may have been Phillips, and John Fairbrother, a servant in Westminster. Career In due course, following the profession of his father, he purchased a commission in the 20th Hussars. When the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
