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Veliki Vojvoda
''Veliki vojvoda'' ( sr-cyr, велики војвода; from ''veliki'' = great and ''voivode, vojvoda'' = duke) was a military and noble title in use during the Middle Ages and the Modern period in the Western Balkans. It is often translated into "grand duke". __NOTOC__ Middle Ages ''Veliki vojvoda'' was a title used in Serbia in the Middle Ages and the Kingdom of Bosnia. Serbia It signified superiority over the other ''vojvodas''. The title-holder commanded the army on occasions when the monarch did not attend in military campaigns, usually with lesser important military operations inside the country, or when a detachment was sent to aid allies. Another term used for the title was "standard-bearer" (''stegonoša'', la, vexilifer). *Novak Grebostrek ( 1312), served Stefan Milutin *Hrelja ( 1320s–31), served Stefan Dečanski *Gradislav Borilović ( 1333), served Stefan Dušan *Jovan Oliver ( 1341–55), served Stefan Dušan *Nikola Stanjević ( 1355–66), served Stefan Dušan a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voivode
Voivode (, also spelled ''voievod'', ''voevod'', ''voivoda'', ''vojvoda'' or ''wojewoda'') is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the medieval rulers of the Romanian-inhabited states and of governors and military commanders of Hungarian, Balkan or some Slavic-speaking populations. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ''voivode'' was interchangeably used with ''palatine''. In the Tsardom of Russia, a voivode was a military governor. Among the Danube principalities, ''voivode'' was considered a princely title. Etymology The term ''voivode'' comes from two roots. is related to warring, while means 'leading' in Old Slavic, together meaning 'war leader' or 'warlord'. The Latin translation is for the principal commander of a military force, serving as a deputy for the monarch. In early Slavic, ''vojevoda'' meant the , the military leader in battle. The term has als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uglješa Mrnjavčević
Jovan Uglješa Mrnjavčević ( sr-Cyrl, Јован Угљеша Мрњавчевић; fl. 1346–1371), known as Jovan Uglješa ( sr-Cyrl, Јован Угљеша), was a Serbian medieval nobleman of the Mrnjavčević family and one of the most prominent magnates of the Serbian Empire. He held the title of '' despot'', received from Serbian Emperor Stefan Uroš V, whose co-ruler - Serbian King Vukašin was brother of Uglješa. Life Uglješa was the son of Mrnjava, a treasurer of Helen of Anjou, the queen consort of Stephen Uroš I of Serbia. He held Travunia in 1346, during the rule of Stefan Dušan (1331–1355).''Književno delo monahinje Jefimije'', p. 1 Uglješa married Jelena (later nun Jefimija), daughter of Vojihna, the ''Caesar'' of Drama.Fajfric, p. 5 This boosted the power of Uglješa, who would later govern the region alongside his father-in-law. Vojihna died in ca 1360, and his lands were inherited by Jovan Uglješa. He was given the title of ''despotes'' by Em ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serbian Noble Titles
In the Medieval Serbian state, a range of court and honorific titles were used. Overview During the reign of King Stefan Milutin (r. 1282–1321) the Serbian court hierarchy was: '' stavilac'', ''čelnik'', '' kaznac'', '' tepčija'' and '' vojvoda'', the supreme title. In the Dečani chrysobulls, King Stefan Dečanski (r. 1321–1331) mentioned that the court dignitaries present at the Dečani assembly were the ''kaznac'', ''tepčija'', ''vojvoda'', ''sluga'' and ''stavilac''. In the periods of the Serbian Kingdom and Serbian Empire, several Byzantine titles and honorifics were adopted, such as ''sevast'', ''protosevast'' and ''sevastokrator''. After the crowning of Stefan Dušan as Emperor (1346), there was a further increase in the Byzantinization of the Serbian court, especially in court ceremonies and titles. From his new position, Dušan could grant titles only possible for an emperor to grant, such as '' despot'', '' sevastokrator'', and '' ćesar''. The higher nobility – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velikaš
Velikaš ( sr-cyr, великаш, /) is the Serbo-Croatian word for 'magnate', derived from ('great, large, grand'). Another word is , which was commonly used for provincial lords (). It was used to refer to the highest nobility of Serbia in the Middle Ages and Croatia in the union with Hungary, Croatia in the Middle Ages while the highest nobility in Bosnia in the Middle Ages, Bosnia were called ''vlastelin'' (, lower status). It is the equivalent of boyar, used in Eastern Europe. Titles used by the higher nobility include ''vojvoda'' (general, duke), ''veliki župan'', etc. Serbian magnates Serbian Empire Magnates with Byzantine court titles * prince Simeon Uroš, Dušan's half-brother, duke of Epirus and Acarnania * Jovan Asen, Dušan's brother-in-law, governor in southern Albania * Jovan Oliver, Dušan's close associate, and governor in Ovče Pole and left Vardar * Dejan (magnate), Dejan, Dušan's brother-in-law, governor of Pčinja * Branko Mladenović, Branko, Dušan's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirko Petrović-Njegoš
Mirko Petrović-Njegoš ( sr-cyr, Мирко Петровић-Његош; 19 August 1820 – 1 August 1867) was a Montenegrin military commander, politician and poet, belonging to the House of Petrović-Njegoš. He was given the title of ''veliki vojvoda'' (Grand Duke) of Grahovo, and is thus also known as Vojvoda Mirko (Duke Mirko). He was the father of Nikola, the future ruler of Montenegro. Life Mirko was born on 19 August 1820, in Njeguši, the son of Stanko Petrović-Njegoš and wife Krstinja Vrbica. He was the older brother of Prince Danilo I, while his uncle was Petar II Petrović-Njegoš. He is famous for winning the Battle of Grahovac on 1 May 1858, leading the Montenegrin army against the Ottomans. In 1862, after the Convention of Scutari, he was deported because he had fought against the Ottomans. His epic corpus ''Junački spomenik'' (''Heroic Monument''), published in the Montenegrin capital of Cetinje in 1864, glorifies Montenegro and Montenegrins, and tells of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince-Bishopric Of Montenegro
The Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro ( sr, Митрополство Црногорско, Mitropolstvo Crnogorsko) was an ecclesiastical principality that existed from 1516 until 1852. The principality was located around modern-day Montenegro. It emerged from the Eparchy of Cetinje, later known as the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral, whose bishops defied the Ottoman Empire overlordship and transformed the parish of Cetinje into a ''de facto'' theocracy, ruling it as Metropolitans ('' Vladike'', also known as '' prince-bishops''). The first prince-bishop was Vavila. The system was transformed into a hereditary one by Danilo Šćepčević, a bishop of Cetinje who united the several tribes of Montenegro into fighting the Ottoman Empire that had occupied all of Montenegro (as the Sanjak of Montenegro and Montenegro Vilayet) and most of southeastern Europe at the time. Danilo was the first in the House of Petrović-Njegoš to occupy the position as the ''Metropolitan o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Kosovo
The Battle of Kosovo ( tr, Kosova Savaşı; sr, Косовска битка) took place on 15 June 1389 between an army led by the Serbian Prince Lazar Hrebeljanović and an invading army of the Ottoman Empire under the command of Sultan Murad Hüdavendigâr. The battle was fought on the Kosovo field in the territory ruled by Serbian nobleman Vuk Branković, in what is today Kosovo, about northwest of the modern city of Pristina. The army under Prince Lazar consisted of his own troops, a contingent led by Branković, and a contingent sent from Bosnia by King Tvrtko I, commanded by Vlatko Vuković. Prince Lazar was the ruler of Moravian Serbia and the most powerful among the Serbian regional lords of the time, while Branković ruled the District of Branković and other areas, recognizing Lazar as his overlord. Reliable historical accounts of the battle are scarce. The bulk of both armies were wiped out, and Lazar and Murad were killed. However, Serbian manpower was dep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serbian Epic Poetry
Serbian epic poetry ( sr, Српске епске народне песме, Srpske epske narodne pesme) is a form of epic poetry created by Serbs originating in today's Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and North Macedonia. The main cycles were composed by unknown Serb authors between the 14th and 19th centuries. They are largely concerned with historical events and personages. The instrument accompanying the epic poetry is the ''gusle''. Serbian epic poetry helped in developing the Serbian national identity, Serbian national consciousness. The cycles of Prince Marko, the Hajduks and Uskoks inspired the Serbs to restore freedom and their heroic past. The Hajduks in particular, are seen as an integral part of national identity; in stories, the hajduks were heroes: they had played the role of the Serbian elite during Ottoman rule, they had defended the Serbs against Ottoman oppression, and prepared for the national liberation and contributed to it in the Serbian R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lazar Branković
Lazar Branković ( sr-cyr, Лазар Бранковић; c. 1421 – 20 February 1458) was a Serbian despot, prince of Rascia from 1456 to 1458. He was the third son of Đurađ Branković and his wife Eirene Kantakouzene. He was succeeded by his elder brother, despot Stefan III Branković. Biography Both Grgur and Stefan, his older brothers, were blinded by orders of Murad II in 1441. Lazar apparently became the heir to their father as the only son not to be handicapped. Đurađ died on 24 December 1456. Lazar succeeded him as planned. According to Fine, his brief reign mostly included family quarrels with his mother and siblings. In 1457, Lazar gave an oath of subservience to Mehmed II, son and successor of Murad II. Fine considers this to be an attempt to prevent an Ottoman invasion. His only other decision of consequence was to appoint Mihailo Anđelović, a member of the Angelos family, as his chief official. Mihailo briefly served as head of a regency council following the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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