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Vechigen
Vechigen is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. Until the administrative centralization of 1966 it was made up of four semi-autonomous communities; Vechigen, Sinneringen with Boll and Dentenberg, Utzigen with Lindental and Berg with Littewil and Radelfingen. History Vechigen is first mentioned in 1275 as ''Vechingen''. Sinneringen was first mentioned in 1261-63 as ''Sineringen''. Utzigen was called ''Uzingen'' in 1275. Vechigen The Vechigen valley and mountain originally belonged to the Baron of Belp-Montenach. However, in 1298, they lost their land to the growing city of Bern. From then on, Vechigen was one of the four outer parishes of Bern and until 1798 residents of the village were also citizens of the city. The village church of St. Martin was first mentioned in 1275. It was rebuilt in 1513/14, the bell tower dates from 1486. In 1834 the municipality of Vechigen was formed with four quarters. The quarters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bern-Mittelland (administrative District)
Bern-Mittelland District in the Canton of Bern was created on 1 January 2010. It is part of the Bern-Mittelland administrative region, and is the only district in the region. It contains 75 municipalities with an area of and a population () of . It is made up of the valley of the rivers Aare and Emme, some of the foothills of the Bernese Alps, as well as the plain around the capital Bern, and has many small farms and hilly forested regions with small to mid-sized towns scattered throughout. It is perhaps best known by foreigners and visitors for the Emmental. The classic Swiss cheese with holes Emmentaler comes from this region's forests and pastures, of hilly and low mountainous countryside in the range. Municipalities Mergers and name changes *On 1 January 2011 the former municipalities of Albligen and Wahlern merged to form the new municipality of Schwarzenburg. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muri Bei Bern
Muri bei Bern is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Muri is first mentioned in 1180 as ''Mure'' while Gümligen appears in 1239 as ''Gumelingen'' or ''Gumlingin'' Archaeological finds at Schlosshügel, unearthed in 1832, show that Muri was already settled in the era of the Roman Empire. The earliest documentary evidence for the name was in 1180 when a clergyman named Burkhard made transactions with wealthy residents. At that time Muri belonged to the dominion of Geristein, which in 1298 was conquered by the city of Bern. The holdings consisted of the four so-called parishes Bolligen, Muri, Stettlen, and Vechigen. As the emerging Bern conquered the territories, it left the municipalities untouched, beginning the long-standing tradition of municipal autonomy. In the course of the centuries, the residents of the municipality lived in relative stability, in which the major changes in European and Swiss hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolligen
Bolligen is a municipalities of Switzerland, municipality in the Bern-Mittelland (administrative district), Bern-Mittelland administrative district of the canton of Bern, Switzerland. In the historical center is a twelfth-century church, with a benefice barn and parsonage from the 16th century. History Bolligen is first mentioned in 1180 as ''Bollingin''. Traces of a neolithic settlement were discovered in Burech. There are traces of an earthen fort of an indeterminate age above Flugbrunnen, along with medieval earthen forts at Grauholz and on the Bantiger. Bolligen, Muri bei Bern, Stettlen and Vechigen were the first villages to come under Bern's control as Bern began its expansion into a city-state. During the 13th and 14th centuries, representatives of Bern and the House of Kyburg, Kyburg Counts often met in Bolligen for negotiations. After the extinction of the Knights of Gerenstein, their castle, Gerenstein Castle and the Geristein farms passed into private ownership. The cas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hasle Bei Burgdorf
Hasle bei Burgdorf is a municipality in the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History The settlements Uetigen (Utingun), Gomerkinden (Comirichingun), Bigel (Pigiluna) and further hamlets were first mentioned as soon as 894 in a bestowment to the Abbey of St. Gall. Hasel, however, was only mentioned in 1225 as ''Hasela''. The village has since been called Hasle (1261), Hassly (1531), and Hassle (1574). The name can be traced back to the Old High German word ''hasal'', meaning hazel bush. In the Middle Ages, Hasle was part of the '' Grafschaft Kyburg''. From 1384, it was ruled by Bern. In 1525, the village became part of the office of a village mayor Burgdorf. After the collapse of the Ancien Régime in 1798, during the Helvetic Republic, Hasle became a part of the district (''Distrikt'') of Burgdorf; from 1803, it was part of the '' Oberamt'' of Burgdorf, which became a district (''Amtsbezirk'') in 1831. Geography Hasle bei Burgdorf has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krauchthal
Krauchthal is a municipality in the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Krauchthal was first mentioned around 1108-22 as ''Crouchtal'' and around 1181-82 as ''Crochtal''. Hettiswil village was first mentioned in 1107 as ''Otthonis villare'' and in 1281 it was ''Ettiswile''. The oldest traces of settlements near Krauchthal are neolithic flints which were discovered in Mooshubel and Buech. The wooden posts of a Roman settlement were found on the Thornberg along the remains of a Roman manor on the north side of the valley. During the Middle Ages there were three castles or fortifications, Thorberg Castle, Liebenfels-Sodfluh Castle and the high medieval fortification of Tannstigli, within sight of each other in the modern borders of the municipality. Between 1175 and 1397 Thorberg Castle was home to the Lords of Thorberg. After the death of Peter von Thorberg, in 1397, he left his many estates to the Carthusians who converted the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oberburg, Bern
Oberburg is a municipality in the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Oberburg is first mentioned in 1240 as ''Obrunburc''. The oldest evidence of a settlement in the area are some Roman era coins which were found at Pfaugarten. Other traces of settlements include a fortification at Bachholen, a pass road from the Aare valley into the Emme valley and earthworks at Waldbrueder. While these three sides predate surviving records, their exact age is unknown. The village took its name from the ''upper castle'' (german: Oberburg) which stood on the Rothöchi. The castle probably got its name to distinguish it from the ''lower castle'' at Burgdorf. The castle was probably the seat of a ministerialis (unfree knights in the service of a feudal overlord) family in the service of the Counts of Kyburg. The ministerialis family might have been the Lords of Oberburg who were mentioned in the 13th century or the Lords of Rohrmoos, a fam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stettlen
Stettlen is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Stettlen is first mentioned in 1146 as ''Stetelon''. Archeological excavations have found evidence of several prehistoric settlements in the Stettlen area. The earliest is several La Tène era graves which contain skeletons and some items of jewelry from near the modern Bleichestrasse. Traces of a Roman era settlement were found at Deisswil. During the High Middle Ages there was a small castle at Schwandiholz, of which no records remain. Stettlen was the smallest of the four parishes on the city of Bern. After 1300, it was considered part of the extended city and until 1798 residents of Stettlen were considered citizens of Bern. The village church of St. Blaise was first built in the 9th century. It was rebuilt during the 12th century and rebuilt again around 1400. No records remain of the first two churches but the foundations have been archeologically explor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walkringen
Walkringen is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Walkringen is first mentioned in 1220 as ''Walcheringin''. The oldest trace of a settlement in the area are scattered Bronze Age artifacts were found throughout the Walkringenmoos (Walkringen Bog). Other ancient artifacts include Roman era bricks and medieval fortification. Earthen fortifications have been found on the Adlisberg, in Wikartswil, in Bigenthal and at Jegerleenscheuer, indicating that one or several local noble families ruled over the area. The three villages that today make up Walkringen have been combined and split up throughout their history. In the 13th century, the Lords of Kien ruled over Walkringen, Wikartswil and Bigenthal along with the village church. However, in 1398 Verena von Seedorf gave Walkringen village and the church to Thorberg Abbey. The Abbey established a parish in Walkringen village between 1413-18. In 1528, Bern ado ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Worb
Worb is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Worb is first mentioned around 1130-46 as ''Worw''. The oldest traces of settlements in the area include scattered neolithic artifacts, Hallstatt grave mounds in the Buchliwald and a La Tene cemetery at Rohrmoos-Stockeren. Other prehistoric graves have been found in the Gschneitwald. A Roman estate from the 2nd and 3rd centuries and a Roman grave have also been discovered. During the Early Middle Ages there was a small settlement that had a cemetery at Vielbringen. The Freiherr de Worvo was first mentioned in 1127, a couple of years before the village appeared in the record. By the second half of the 13th century the Freiherr von Kien had inherited village, lands and Worb Castle. The family ruled over the Worb '' Herrschaft'' until 1336 when they became citizens of Bern and the territory came under Bernese authority. Over the following centuries several B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bern (canton)
The canton of Bern or Berne (german: Kanton Bern; rm, Chantun Berna; french: canton de Berne; it, Canton Berna) is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. Its capital city, Bern, is also the ''de facto'' capital of Switzerland. The bear is the heraldic symbol of the canton, displayed on a red-yellow background. Comprising ten districts, Bern is the second-largest canton by both surface area and population. Located in west-central Switzerland, it is surrounded by eleven cantons. It borders the canton of Jura and the canton of Solothurn to the north. To the west lie the canton of Neuchâtel, the canton of Fribourg and canton of Vaud. To the south lies the canton of Valais. East of the canton of Bern lie the cantons of Uri, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Lucerne and Aargau. The geography of the canton includes a large share of all three natural regions of Switzerland: the Jura Mountains (the Bernese Jura), the Swiss Plateau (the Bernese Mittelland) and the Alps (t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High, Middle And Low Justice
High, middle and low justices are notions dating from Western feudalism to indicate descending degrees of judicial power to administer justice by the maximal punishment the holders could inflict upon their subjects and other dependents. Low justice regards the level of day-to-day civil actions, including voluntary justice, minor pleas, and petty offences generally settled by fines or light corporal punishment. It was held by many lesser authorities, including many lords of the manor, who sat in justice over the serfs, unfree tenants, and freeholders on their land. Middle justice would involve full civil and criminal jurisdiction, except for capital crimes, and notably excluding the right to pass the death penalty, torture and severe corporal punishment, which was reserved to authorities holding high justice, or the ''ius gladii'' ("right of the sword"). Pyramid of feudal justice Although the terms ''high'' and ''low'' suggest a strict subordination, this was not quite the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
