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Vasa Medal
Vasa Medal ( sv, Vasamedaljen, VGM/SM) Is a Swedish medal, awarded for general civil virtues. It was established by King Oscar II of Sweden in 1895. It was given in gold and silver in 8th and 5th sizes. It ceased to be awarded in 1974. Torsten Stålnacke and Stig von Bayer and nine other Swedish soldiers was awarded the Vasa Medal between 1962 and 1964 for their services during the Congo Crisis. Stålnacke was nominated for ''För tapperhet i fält'', but the general understanding was that this was not suitable for a medal whose statutes spoke of "fight against the enemies of the kingdom". When the "Swedish war decorations" (''Svenska krigsdekorationer'') were investigated in 1944 and 1951, the idea that Swedish soldiers would experience war situations without the kingdom formally being in a state of war was not widespread. The result was that the 11 soldiers who distinguished themselves by acts of valor received the Vasa Medal. Those who "only" were wounded got nothing. It was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oscar II Of Sweden
Oscar II (Oscar Fredrik; 21 January 1829 – 8 December 1907) was King of Sweden from 1872 until his death in 1907 and King of Norway from 1872 to 1905. Oscar was the son of King Oscar I and Queen Josephine. He inherited the Swedish and Norwegian thrones when his brother died in 1872. Oscar II ruled during a time when both countries were undergoing a period of industrialization and rapid technological progress. His reign also saw the gradual decline of the Union of Sweden and Norway, which culminated in its dissolution in 1905. In 1905, the throne of Norway was transferred to his grandnephew Prince Carl of Denmark under the regnal name Haakon VII. When Oscar died in 1907, he was succeeded in Sweden by his eldest son, Gustaf V. Oscar II is the paternal great-great-grandfather of King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden. Queen Margrethe II of Denmark is his descendant through his son Gustaf V. King Harald V of Norway; Philippe, King of the Belgians; and Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Svenska Akademiens Ordlista
''Svenska Akademiens ordlista'' (, "Word list of the Swedish Academy"), abbreviated SAOL, is a spelling dictionary published every few years by the Swedish Academy. It is a single volume that is considered the final arbiter of Swedish spelling. Traditionally it carries the motto of the Swedish Academy, ''Snille och Smak'' ("Talent and Taste"), on its blue cloth cover. Whenever a new edition comes out lively discussions about new and changed entries erupt around the country. In some instances the Academy has been ahead of its times and has later had to change entries back to older spellings. ''Jos'' – ''juice'' is probably the most well-known instance. In 2015, the fourteenth edition (containing entries) was published. History The history of SAOL is the history of orthography of the Swedish language. While Swedish spelling was an entirely personal business in the Catholic Middle Ages, its gradual standardization (known as Modern Swedish) started in 1526 with the translation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Court Of Sweden
The Royal Court of Sweden ( sv, Kungliga Hovstaterna) is the official name for the organisation ( royal households) that supports the monarch, and the royal house. The incumbent monarch, King Carl XVI Gustaf, is head of the Royal Court. The Royal Court The Royal Court is divided into segments: # The Office of the Marshal of the Realm # The Office of the Marshal of the Court # The Queen's Household # The Crown Princess's Household # The Ceremonial Household # The Royal Collections with the Bernadotte Library # Office of the Governor of the Royal Palaces # Royal Stables # The Household # Patronage # Information and Press Department The Office of the Marshal of the Realm is currently headed by Fredrik Wersäll, who is accountable to The King for the activities of the entire Royal Court organization. The Marshal of the Realm is responsible for contacts with the government and Riksdag. Supporting the Marshal of the Realm is the staff office with a Permanent Secretary at the Office o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torsten Stålnacke
Torsten Emanuel Stålnacke (31 December 1933 – 4 August 2012) was a former Swedish United Nations soldier and Swedish Army '' överfurir'', mostly known for his actions during the Congo Crisis in 1961. Early life Stålnacke was born in Svappavaara, Sweden and did his military service at Norrbotten Regiment (I 19) in Boden. Career He served with the rank of '' furir'' in the first two Swedish UN battalions in Suez- Gaza from 1956 to 1957 as part of UNEF. In Congo, he belonged to Battalion XIIK in 1961. Stålnacke became known during the Congo Crisis for his gallant conduct in action on 14 September 1961. In connection with repelling a Gendarmerie armoured car attack on the refugee camp, and their nearby depot, two of his comrades were shocked and Stålnacke advanced by himself against an enemy firing position, armed with a Carl Gustav recoilless rifle. He took out an enemy armoured car and a number of enemies before his jaw was shot to pieces. His chin hung down to his chest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stig Von Bayer
Stig Erik Otto von Bayer (born 6 July 1937) is a former Swedish Army officer, war veteran, peacemaker and writer. He was the longest serving UN soldier during the Congo Crisis. Early life Stig von Bayer came to Congo and the province Maniema in 1949 at age 12 with his parents who were aid workers who helped to build bridges and roads. He stayed there until 1954. There he learned both Swahili and French, languages that he would get much use of later in his life. Back in Sweden he did his military service at the Södermanland Regiment (I 10) in Strängnäs. Career Congo In 1960 as a cadet sergeant at Södermanland Regiment, he volunteered for service on 19 July 1960. For three days von Bayer served as an interpreter with the 8th Swedish Infantry Battalion, which had been airlifted to Léopoldville directly from the Gaza Strip, where it had been serving as a part of the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF). After a while he got himself assigned as an interpreter in an advanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congo Crisis
The Congo Crisis (french: Crise congolaise, link=no) was a period of political upheaval and conflict between 1960 and 1965 in the Republic of the Congo (today the Democratic Republic of the Congo). The crisis began almost immediately after the Congo became independent from Belgium and ended, unofficially, with the entire country under the rule of Joseph-Désiré Mobutu. Constituting a series of civil wars, the Congo Crisis was also a proxy conflict in the Cold War, in which the Soviet Union and the United States supported opposing factions. Around 100,000 people are believed to have been killed during the crisis. A nationalist movement in the Belgian Congo demanded the end of colonial rule: this led to the country's independence on 30 June 1960. Minimal preparations had been made and many issues, such as federalism, tribalism, and ethnic nationalism, remained unresolved. In the first week of July, a mutiny broke out in the army and violence erupted between black and whit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
För Tapperhet I Fält
För tapperhet i fält ("For Valour in the Field") and För tapperhet till sjöss ("For Valour at Sea") are two Swedish military medals awarded to officers and soldiers of the Swedish Armed Forces who have—as the medal names suggest—shown valour in the field or at sea in wartime. These two medals, along with the various grades of the Order of the Sword, are the only awards in Sweden that have the designation "Swedish war decorations" (''Svenska krigsdekorationer'').''Uniformsreglemente för Försvarsmakten'' The medal was instituted by Gustav III on 28 May 1789, during his war against Russia and was meant to complement the Order of the Sword—which was instituted on 23 February 1748 and was awarded for the same purpose—valour in the field or at sea—but only to officers. The original award was in silver and was intended for non-commissioned officers and privates only, but a version in gold was introduced in 1806, available only for higher-ranking offic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Vasa
The Royal Order of Vasa () is a Swedish order of chivalry, awarded to citizens of Sweden for service to state and society especially in the fields of agriculture, mining and commerce. It was instituted on 29 May 1772 by King Gustav III. It was unrestricted by birth or education and could therefore be awarded to anyone (as opposed to the Order of the Polar Star, which was intended as a reward for the learned professions). It was the most junior of all the Swedish orders. It was often awarded to Norwegian subjects of the dual monarchy until Oscar I founded the Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 1847. Since 1974 the order is no longer conferred: officially it has been declared as "dormant", along with the Order of the Sword. In 2019, a parliamentary committee was instructed to establish guidelines on how to re-introduce the Swedish orders, including the Order of Vasa, into the Swedish honours system and how Swedish citizens again can be appointed to Swedish orders. The committee pres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Crowns
Three Crowns ( sv, tre kronor, links=no) is the national emblem of Sweden, present in the coat of arms of Sweden, and composed of three yellow or gilded coronets ordered two above and one below, placed on a blue background. Similar designs are found on a number of other coats of arms or flags. The emblem is often used as a symbol of official State authority by the Monarchy, the Riksdag, the Government of Sweden and by Swedish embassies around the world, but also appears in other less formal contexts, such as the Sweden men's national ice hockey team, who wear the symbol on their sweaters and hence are called "Three Crowns", and atop the Stockholm City Hall (built 1911–1923). The Three Crowns are also used as the roundel on military aircraft of the Swedish Air Force and as a sign on Swedish military equipment in general, and also on the uniforms and vehicles of the Swedish Police Authority. Because of their Scandinavian origin, the Three Crowns are also lesser-known featu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of Sweden
The coat of arms of the Kingdom of Sweden ( sv, Sveriges riksvapen) has a greater and a lesser version. Regulated usage The usage of the coats of arms is regulated by Swedish Law, Actbr>1970:498 which states (in unofficial translation) that "in commercial activities, the coats of arms, the flag or other official insignia of Sweden may not be used in a trademark or other insignias for products or services without proper authorisation. This includes any mark or text referring to the Swedish State which this can give the commercial mark a sign of official endorsement. This includes municipal coats of arms which are registered." Any representation consisting of three crowns ordered two above one are considered to be the lesser coat of arms, and its usage is therefore restricted by law 1970:498. Variants The arms of Sweden were first formally codified by law in 1908. This law also formally codifies the differences between the "greater" and "lesser" arms. The present law prescribi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erik Lindberg
Erik Lindberg (31 December 1873 – 28 September 1966) was a Swedish sculptor and engraver. He was best known for designing the Nobel Prize medals. Biography Johan Erik Lindberg was born in Stockholm, Sweden. He was the son of Adolph Lindberg (1839-1916) and his wife Hildegard Charlotta Grundström (1843-1923). His father was a noted sculptor and professor at the Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts (''Kungliga Akademien för de fria konsterna'') in Stockholm. He trained at his father's studio from 1892 to 1899. He also attended the Royal Swedish Academy from 1893 until 1897 when he graduated. He obtained a scholarship which enabled him to spend some years in Paris from around 1901 to 1902. He also conducted a study trip to Italy in 1901. He was influenced by modern French medal engravers of that period including Louis-Oscar Roty (1846–1911), Jules-Clément Chaplain (1839-1909), Ernest Paulin Tasset (1839-1921) and Frédéric-Charles-Victor de Vernon (1858-1912). In 1901 L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lea Ahlborn
Lea Fredrika Ahlborn (''née'' Lundgren) (18 February 1826 – 13 November 1897) was a famous Swedish artist and medallist. She was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts and the first woman to be appointed royal printmaker. The position of royal printmaker was counted as a public office, and thereby made her the first female official or civil servant in Sweden. Biography She was the child of engraver and medalist Ludwig Peterssen Lundgren (1789–1853) and his wife the artist Rebecca Johanna Salmson (1797–1861). Her mother was the daughter of German-born sculptor Salm Salmson (1766–1822) and the sister of medal designer Johan Salmson (1798–1859). Lea Ahlborn early decided to follow her father in his profession. In 1849, together with Amalia Lindegren, Jeanette Möller and Agnes Börjesson, she became one of the four women who were given special permission to study art at the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts (Swedish: ''Kungliga Akademien för de fria konste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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