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Variable Message Format
Variable Message Format, abbreviated as "VMF" and documented in MIL-STD-6017, is a communications protocol used in communicating tactical military information. A message formatted using VMF can be sent via many communication methods. As it does not define the method, it is not a Tactical Data Link (TDL). Restriction The standard is designated distribution class C, meaning that it may only be distributed to federal employees and contractors. Contractors may obtain a copy from their government POC. However, the standard for the header is openly available. Format The VMF application header is defined by MIL-STD-2045-47001. The VMF message body consists of "K" Series messages. See also * MIL-STD-6011 (TADIL-A) * Link 4 (TADIL-C) * TADIL-J * JTIDS * Link 1 * Link 11 - (Link 11B) * Link 16 * Link 22 * MIDS * ACARS In aviation, ACARS (; an acronym for Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System) is a digital datalink system for transmission of short messages between air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communications Protocol
A communication protocol is a system of rules that allows two or more entities of a communications system to transmit information via any kind of variation of a physical quantity. The protocol defines the rules, syntax, semantics and synchronization of communication and possible error recovery methods. Protocols may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of both. Communicating systems use well-defined formats for exchanging various messages. Each message has an exact meaning intended to elicit a response from a range of possible responses pre-determined for that particular situation. The specified behavior is typically independent of how it is to be implemented. Communication protocols have to be agreed upon by the parties involved. To reach an agreement, a protocol may be developed into a technical standard. A programming language describes the same for computations, so there is a close analogy between protocols and programming languages: ''protocols ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Intelligence
Military intelligence is a military discipline that uses information collection and analysis approaches to provide guidance and direction to assist commanders in their decisions. This aim is achieved by providing an assessment of data from a range of sources, directed towards the commanders' mission requirements or responding to questions as part of operational or campaign planning. To provide an analysis, the commander's information requirements are first identified, which are then incorporated into intelligence collection, analysis, and dissemination. Areas of study may include the operational environment, hostile, friendly and neutral forces, the civilian population in an area of combat operations, and other broader areas of interest. Intelligence activities are conducted at all levels, from tactical to strategic, in peacetime, the period of transition to war, and during a war itself. Most governments maintain a military intelligence capability to provide analytical and i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tactical Data Link
A tactical data link (TDL) uses a data link standard in order to provide communication via radio waves or cable used by NATO nations. All military C3 systems use standardized TDL to transmit, relay and receive tactical data. Multi-TDL network (MTN) refers to the network of similar and dissimilar TDLs integrated through gateways, translators, and correlators to bring the common tactical picture and/or common operational picture together. Change of terminology The term ''tactical digital information link (TADIL)'' was made obsolete (per DISA guidance) and is now more commonly seen as ''tactical data link (TDL)''. Tactical data link character TDLs are characterized by their standard message and transmission formats. This is usually written as <Message Format>/<Transmission Format>. TDL standards in NATO In NATO, tactical data link standards are being developed by the ''Data Link Working Group (DLWG)'' of the ''Information Systems Sub-Committee (ISSC)'' in li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Point Of Contact
A point of contact (POC) or single point of contact (SPOC) is a person or a department serving as the coordinator or focal point of information concerning an activity or program. A POC is used in many cases where information is time-sensitive and accuracy is important. For examples, they are used in WHOIS databases. See also *Help desk *Touchpoint *Liaison officer *Caret Caret is the name used familiarly for the character , provided on most QWERTY keyboards by typing . The symbol has a variety of uses in programming and mathematics. The name "caret" arose from its visual similarity to the original proofreade ... References Human communication {{org-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MIL-STD-6011
TADIL-A/Link 11 is a secure half-duplex tactical data link used by NATO to exchange digital data. It was originally developed by a joint committee including members from the Canadian Navy, US Navy and Royal Navy to pass accurate targeting information between ships. The final standard was signed in Ottawa in November 1957, where the British proposed the name "TIDE" for "Tactical International Data Exchange". It was later made part of the NATO STANAG standardization process. The system operates on two frequencies, one in the high frequency (HF) range for over-the-horizon (OTH) communications, and another in the ultra high frequency (UHF) range that uses much smaller antennas and is suitable for smaller ships but lacks the OTH performance. The system broadcasts packets of 30 bits length, with 6 bits of error correction and 24 bits of payload data. The payload is encrypted. Link 14 was adopted at the same time as a low-end counterpart to Link 11. Link 14 is essentially a digital te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Link 4
Link 4 is a non-secure data link used for providing vector commands to USAF and other NATO fighter aircraft. It is a netted, time division link operating in the UHF band at 5,000 bits per second. There are 2 separate "Link 4s": Link 4A and Link 4C. Link 4A TADIL C is one of several Tactical Data Links now in operation in the United States Armed Services and forces of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Link-4A plays an important role by providing digital surface-to-air, air-to-surface, and air-to-air tactical communications. Originally designated Link-4, this link was designed to replace voice communications for the control of tactical aircraft. The use of Link-4 has since been expanded to include communication of digital data between surface and airborne platforms. First installed in the late 1950s, Link-4A has achieved a reputation for being reliable. But Link-4A's transmissions are not secure, nor are they jam-resistant. However, Link-4A is easy to operate and maintain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TADIL-J
TADIL-J refers to the system of standardized J-series messages which are known by NATO as Link 16. These are defined by U.S. military standard (MIL-STD) 6016. It is used by the U.S. Navy, U.S. Army, U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Coast Guard, the NSA, several NATO countries, and Japan as part of the Multi-Tactical Data Link Network, a Tactical Data Link. TADIL J was designed as an improved data link used to exchange near real-time (NRT) information. It is a communication, navigation, and identification system that supports information exchange between tactical command, control, communications, computers, and intelligence (C4I) systems. The radio transmission and reception component of TADIL J is the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS) or its successor, the Multifunctional Information Distribution System (MIDS). These high-capacity, ultra high frequency (UHF), line of sight (LOS), frequency-hopping data communications terminals provide secure, jam-re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joint Tactical Information Distribution System
The Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS) is an L band Distributed Time Division Multiple Access (DTDMA) network radio system used by the United States armed forces and their allies to support data communications needs, principally in the air and missile defense community. It produces a spread spectrum signal using Frequency-shift keying (FSK) and Phase-shift keying (PSK) to spread the radiated power over a wider spectrum (range of frequencies) than normal radio transmissions. This reduces susceptibility to noise, jamming, and interception. In JTIDS Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) (similar to cell phone technology), each time interval (e.g., 1 second) is divided into time slots (e.g. 128 per second). Together, all 1536 time slots in a 12-second interval are called a "frame". Each time slot is "bursted" (transmitted) at several different carrier frequencies sequentially. Within each slot, the phase angle of the transmission burst is varied to provide PSK. Each t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Link 1
Link 1 is a computer network standard developed by NATO to provide information exchange for air defence. General description Link 1 is a point-to-point, duplex, non-encrypted, digital NATO Tactical Data Link (TDL) Standard for the automatic exchange of Track and Strobe data, combined with link and data management messages between ground based ASACS-elements / e.g. CRC and CAOC, specific units (TACCS / MC) and data link buffers (SSSB, CSI). In everyday language, the different meaning of the wording ''Link 1 TDL Standard (format)'' and ''Link 1 information content (subject matter)'' to be transmitted on this particular TDL Standard is mixed up in many cases. Remark: * TACCS / MC = Tactical Air Command and Control Service / (NATO) Major Command) * SSSB = Ship Shore Ship Buffer * CSI = CRC/SAM Interface : SAM = Surface-to-air missile History Link 1 is a NATO ''first Generation's'' TDL Standard. It was developed in the 1950s as pure ''Air Surveillance'' data link format in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Link 11
TADIL-A/Link 11 is a secure half-duplex tactical data link used by NATO to exchange digital data. It was originally developed by a joint committee including members from the Canadian Navy, US Navy and Royal Navy to pass accurate targeting information between ships. The final standard was signed in Ottawa in November 1957, where the British proposed the name "TIDE" for "Tactical International Data Exchange". It was later made part of the NATO STANAG standardization process. The system operates on two frequencies, one in the high frequency (HF) range for over-the-horizon (OTH) communications, and another in the ultra high frequency (UHF) range that uses much smaller antennas and is suitable for smaller ships but lacks the OTH performance. The system broadcasts packets of 30 bits length, with 6 bits of error correction and 24 bits of payload data. The payload is encrypted. Link 14 was adopted at the same time as a low-end counterpart to Link 11. Link 14 is essentially a digital te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Link 16
Link 16 is a military tactical data link network used by NATO and nations allowed by the MIDS International Program Office (IPO). Its specification is part of the family of Tactical Data Links. With Link 16, military aircraft as well as ships and ground forces may exchange their tactical picture in near-real time. Link 16 also supports the exchange of text messages, imagery data and provides two channels of digital voice (2.4 kbit/s or 16 kbit/s in any combination). Link 16 is defined as one of the digital services of the JTIDS / MIDS in NATO's '' Standardization Agreement'' STANAG 5516. MIL-STD-6016 is the related United States Department of Defense Link 16 MIL-STD. Technical characteristics Link 16 is a TDMA-based secure, jam-resistant, high-speed digital data link which operates in the radio frequency band 960–1,215 MHz, allocated in line with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio regulations to the ''aeronautical radionavigation'' servi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Link 22
Link 22 is a secure digital radio link in the HF and UHF bands, primarily used by military forces as a tactical data link. History During the late 1980s, NATO, agreeing on the need to improve the performance of Link 11, produced a mission need statement that became the basis for the establishment of the NATO Improved Link Eleven (NILE) Program. This program specified a new tactical message standard in the NATO standardization agreement (STANAG) 5522 to enhance data exchange and provide a new layered communications architecture. This new data link was designated Link 22 by NATO. The NILE program is funded and collaboratively conducted by seven nations under the aegis of a memorandum of understanding ( MOU). A steering committee controls the complete NILE program. The program is managed by the Project Management Office (PMO), located at the Space and Naval Warfare Command ( SPAWAR)'s Program Management Warfare (PMW) 150 in San Diego, California. The PMO consists of a representati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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