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Valeria Maximilla
Valeria Maximilla () was the Empress of the Romans and wife of Emperor Maxentius. Life She was the daughter of Emperor Galerius and his first wife, whose name is unknown. She married Maxentius around 293 (the exact date is unknown) in what was likely an attempt to forge an alliance between the families of Galerius and Maxentius' father Maximian, himself Emperor in the West. She bore two sons: the eldest, Valerius Romulus, was born c. 295; the other son's name is not recorded, but might be Aurelius Valerius, was executed in 312. As an emperor's daughter, she was entitled . Her husband was acclaimed emperor in October 306 against the wishes of Valeria Maximilla's father, who tried to overthrow the usurper in 307 but without success. Maxentius remained the ruler of Rome, Italy and Africa until 312, when Constantine I invaded Italy. Valeria and her husband were together before the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, when she disappears from the historical record. Her fate is unknown. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Roman And Byzantine Empresses
This is a list of Roman and Byzantine empresses. A Roman empress was a woman who was the wife of a Roman emperor, the ruler of the Roman Empire. The Romans had no single term for the position: Latin and Greek titles such as '' augusta'' (Greek αὐγούστα, ''augoústa'', the female form of the honorific ''augustus'', a title derived from the name of the first emperor, Augustus), ''caesarea'' (Greek καισᾰ́ρειᾰ, ''kaisáreia'', the female form of the honorific ''caesar'', a title derived from the name of Julius Caesar), βᾰσῐ́λῐσσᾰ (''basílissa'', the female form of ''basileus''), and ''αὐτοκράτειρα'' (''autokráteira,'' Latin ''autocratrix'', the female form of autocrator), were all used. In the third century, ''augustae'' could also receive the titles of ''māter castrōrum'' "mother of the castra" and ''māter patriae'' "mother of the fatherland". Another title of the Byzantine empresses was εὐσεβέστᾰτη αὐγούσ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Legend
The ''Golden Legend'' (Latin: ''Legenda aurea'' or ''Legenda sanctorum'') is a collection of hagiographies by Jacobus de Voragine that was widely read in late medieval Europe. More than a thousand manuscripts of the text have survived.Hilary Maddocks, "Pictures for aristocrats: the manuscripts of the ''Légende dorée''", in Margaret M. Manion, Bernard James Muir, eds. ''Medieval texts and images: studies of manuscripts from the Middle Ages'' 1991:2; a study of the systemization of the Latin manuscripts of the ''Legenda aurea'' is B. Fleith, "Le classement des quelque 1000 manuscrits de la Legenda aurea latine en vue de l'éstablissement d'une histoire de la tradition" in Brenda Dunn-Lardeau, ed. ''Legenda Aurea: sept siècles de diffusion", 1986:19-24 It was likely compiled around the years 1259–1266, although the text was added to over the centuries. Initially entitled ''Legenda sanctorum'' (''Readings of the Saints''), it gained its popularity under the title by which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3rd-century Roman Women
The 3rd century was the period from 201 ( CCI) to 300 (CCC) Anno Domini (AD) or Common Era (CE) in the Julian calendar.. In this century, the Roman Empire saw a crisis, starting with the assassination of the Roman Emperor Severus Alexander in 235, plunging the empire into a period of economic troubles, barbarian incursions, political upheavals, civil wars, and the split of the Roman Empire through the Gallic Empire in the west and the Palmyrene Empire in the east, which all together threatened to destroy the Roman Empire in its entirety, but the reconquests of the seceded territories by Emperor Aurelian and the stabilization period under Emperor Diocletian due to the administrative strengthening of the empire caused an end to the crisis by 284. This crisis would also mark the beginning of Late Antiquity. In Persia, the Parthian Empire was succeeded by the Sassanid Empire in 224 after Ardashir I defeated and killed Artabanus V during the Battle of Hormozdgan. The Sassanids t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Of Rome
This is a list of Roman and Byzantine empresses. A Roman empress was a woman who was the wife of a Roman emperor, the ruler of the Roman Empire. The Romans had no single term for the position: Latin and Greek titles such as '' augusta'' (Greek αὐγούστα, ''augoústa'', the female form of the honorific ''augustus'', a title derived from the name of the first emperor, Augustus), ''caesarea'' (Greek καισᾰ́ρειᾰ, ''kaisáreia'', the female form of the honorific ''caesar'', a title derived from the name of Julius Caesar), βᾰσῐ́λῐσσᾰ (''basílissa'', the female form of ''basileus''), and ''αὐτοκράτειρα'' (''autokráteira,'' Latin ''autocratrix'', the female form of autocrator), were all used. In the third century, ''augustae'' could also receive the titles of ''māter castrōrum'' "mother of the castra" and ''māter patriae'' "mother of the fatherland". Another title of the Byzantine empresses was εὐσεβέστᾰτη αὐγούσ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Roman Empresses
This is a list of Roman and Byzantine empresses. A Roman empress was a woman who was the wife of a Roman emperor, the ruler of the Roman Empire. The Romans had no single term for the position: Latin and Greek titles such as '' augusta'' (Greek αὐγούστα, ''augoústa'', the female form of the honorific ''augustus'', a title derived from the name of the first emperor, Augustus), ''caesarea'' (Greek καισᾰ́ρειᾰ, ''kaisáreia'', the female form of the honorific ''caesar'', a title derived from the name of Julius Caesar), βᾰσῐ́λῐσσᾰ (''basílissa'', the female form of ''basileus''), and ''αὐτοκράτειρα'' (''autokráteira,'' Latin ''autocratrix'', the female form of autocrator), were all used. In the third century, ''augustae'' could also receive the titles of ''māter castrōrum'' "mother of the castra" and ''māter patriae'' "mother of the fatherland". Another title of the Byzantine empresses was εὐσεβέστᾰτη αὐγούσ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Roman Women
The list below includes Roman women who were notable for their family connections, or their sons or husbands, or their own actions. In the earlier periods, women came to the attention of (later) historians either as poisoners of their husbands (a very few cases), or as wives, daughters, and mothers of great men such as Scipio Africanus. In later periods, women exercised or tried to exercise political power either through their husbands (as did Fulvia and Livia Drusilla) or political intrigues (as did Clodia and Servilia), or directly (as did Agrippina the younger and later Roman empresses). Even the Severan dynasty from the beginning to the end was completely dominated by four powerful and calculating women. During the Roman Kingdom During the Roman Republic * Valeria, the name of the women of the Valeria gens ** Valeria, first priestess of Fortuna Muliebris in 488 BCDion.Hal. 8.55.4; cf. 8.39-55 Broughton, vol I, 1951 p.19 * Aemilia Tertia (с. 230 – 163 or 162 BC), wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
November 25 (Eastern Orthodox Liturgics)
November 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics), November 24 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - November 26 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics), November 26 All fixed commemorations below are observed on December 8 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Julian Calendar, Old Calendar. For November 25, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on November 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics), November 12. Feasts * Afterfeast, Apodosis of the Presentation of Mary, Entry of the Most Holy Theotokos into the Temple in Jerusalem, Temple.November 25 / December 8 Orthodox Calendar (PRAVOSLAVIE.RU).December 8 / November 25 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
November 24 (Eastern Orthodox Liturgics)
November 23 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - November 25 All fixed commemorations below are observed on December 7 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar. For November 24, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on November 11. Feasts * Afterfeast of the Entry of the Most Holy Theotokos into the Temple.December 7 / November 24 Holy Trinity Russian Orthodox Church (A parish of the Patriarchate of Moscow).The Autonomous Orthodox Metropolia of Western Europe and the Americas (ROCOR). ''St. Hilarion Calendar of Saints for the year of our Lord 2004.'' St. Hilarion Press (Austin, TX). p. 88. Saints * Hieromartyr |
Feast Day
The calendar of saints is the traditional Christian method of organizing a liturgical year by associating each day with one or more saints and referring to the day as the feast day or feast of said saint. The word "feast" in this context does not mean "a large meal, typically a celebratory one", but instead "an annual religious celebration, a day dedicated to a particular saint". The system arose from the early Christian custom of commemorating each martyr annually on the date of their death, or birth into heaven, a date therefore referred to in Latin as the martyr's ''dies natalis'' ('day of birth'). In the Eastern Orthodox Church, a calendar of saints is called a ''Menologion''. "Menologion" may also mean a set of icons on which saints are depicted in the order of the dates of their feasts, often made in two panels. History As the number of recognized saints increased during Late Antiquity and the first half of the Middle Ages, eventually every day of the year had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratelates
''Stratēlatēs'' ( el, στρατηλάτης, "driver/leader of the army") was a Greek term designating a general, which also became an honorary dignity in the Byzantine Empire. In the former sense, it was often applied to military saints, such as Theodore Stratelates. In the late Roman/early Byzantine Empire, the title was used, along with the old-established '' stratēgos'', to translate into Greek the office of ''magister militum'' ("master of the soldiers").. In the 6th century, however, Novel 90 of Emperor Justinian I () attests the existence of a middle-ranking honorific title of ''stratēlatēs'', which ranked alongside the ''apo eparchōn'' ("former prefect"). A ''prōtostratēlatēs'' ("first ''stratēlatēs''") Theopemptos is attested in a 7th-century seal, likely indicating the senior-most dignitary among the entire class of the ''stratēlatai''. This ''stratēlasia'' was a purely honorary dignity, attached to no office, and declined measurably in prestige during the 7 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Orthodox
Eastern Orthodoxy, also known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism. Like the Pentarchy of the first millennium, the mainstream (or "canonical") Eastern Orthodox Church is organised into autocephalous churches independent from each other. In the 21st century, the number of mainstream autocephalous churches is seventeen; there also exist autocephalous churches unrecognized by those mainstream ones. Autocephalous churches choose their own primate. Autocephalous churches can have jurisdiction (authority) over other churches, some of which have the status of "autonomous" which means they have more autonomy than simple eparchies. Many of these jurisdictions correspond to the territories of one or more modern states; the Patriarchate of Moscow, for example, corresponds to Russia and some of the other post-Soviet states. They can also include metropolises, bishoprics, parishes, monas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maximinus II
Galerius Valerius Maximinus, born as Daza (20 November 270 – July 313), was Roman emperor from 310 to 313 CE. He became embroiled in the Civil wars of the Tetrarchy between rival claimants for control of the empire, in which he was defeated by Licinius. A committed pagan, he engaged in one of the last persecutions of Christians, before issuing an edict of tolerance near his death. Name The emperor Maximinus was originally called Daza, a common name in Illyria, where he was born. The form "Daia" given by the Christian pamphleteer Lactantius, an important source on the emperor's life, is considered a misspelling and deprecated. He acquired the name Maximinus at the request of his maternal uncle, Galerius, and his full name as emperor was Galerius Valerius Maximinus. Modern scholarship often refers to him as Maximinus Daza, though this particular form is not attested by epigraphic or literary evidence. Early career He was born in the Roman Illyria region to the sister of em ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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