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Vainionora Pallidostraminea
''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallidostraminea'' in 1890. Species *''Vainionora aemulans'' *'' Vainionora americana'' *''Vainionora flavidorufa ''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallid ...'' *'' Vainionora flavovirens'' *'' Vainionora mexicana'' *'' Vainionora nugrae'' *'' Vainionora pallidostraminea'' *'' Vainionora stramineopallens'' *'' Vainionora variabilis'' *'' Vainionora warmingii'' References Lecanoraceae Lecanorales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 1991 Taxa named by Klaus Kalb {{Lecanorales-stub ...
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Vainionora Americana
''Vainionora americana'' is a species of crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae that is found in the United States. It was described as a species new to science in 2004 by lichenologists Klaus Kalb, Tor Tønsberg, and John Alan Elix. The type was collected by Tønsberg from the southern Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina, where it was found growing on the bark of a maple tree. It was later recorded in Alabama. ''Vainionora americana'' has a crustose thallus that is greenish-gray in color, and soralia that are relatively large and convex. It produces atranorin and two xanthone Xanthone is an organic compound with the molecular formula O 6H4CO. It is a white solid. In 1939, xanthone was introduced as an insecticide and it currently finds uses as Insecticide, ovicide for codling moth eggs and as a larvicide. Xanthone ...s as secondary metabolites. References Lecanoraceae Lichen species Lichens of the Southeastern United States Lichens described in 200 ...
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Vainionora Flavidorufa
''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallidostraminea'' in 1890. Species *''Vainionora aemulans ''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio Edvard August Vainio (born Edvard Lang; 5 August ...'' *'' Vainionora americana'' *'' Vainionora flavidorufa'' *'' Vainionora flavovirens'' *'' Vainionora mexicana'' *'' Vainionora nugrae'' *'' Vainionora pallidostraminea'' *'' Vainionora stramineopallens'' *'' Vainionora variabilis'' *'' Vainionora warmingii'' References Lecanoraceae Lecanorales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 1991 Taxa named by Klaus Kalb {{Lecanorales-stub ...
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Lichen Genera
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms
. University of California Museum of Paleontology.
Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures (

Lecanorales Genera
The Lecanorales are an order of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. The order contains 26 families, 269 genera, and 5695 species. Families * Aphanopsidaceae * Biatorellaceae * Brigantiaeaceae * Bruceomycetaceae * Carbonicolaceae * Catillariaceae * Cladoniaceae * Crocyniaceae * Dactylosporaceae * Gypsoplacaceae * Haematommataceae * Lecanoraceae * Malmideaceae * Pachyascaceae * Parmeliaceae * Pilocarpaceae * Psilolechiaceae * Psoraceae * Ramalinaceae * Ramboldiaceae * Scoliciosporaceae * Sphaerophoraceae * Stereocaulaceae * Tephromelataceae * Vezdaeaceae Genera of uncertain placement There are several genera in the Lecanorales that have not been placed with certainty into any family. These are: *'' Coronoplectrum'' – 1 sp. *'' Ivanpisutia'' – 1 sp. *'' Joergensenia'' – 1 sp. *'' Myochroidea'' – 4 spp. *'' Neopsoromopsis'' – 1 sp. *''Psoromella ''Psoromella'' is a genus of lichenized fungi ...
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Vainionora Warmingii
''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallidostraminea'' in 1890. Species *''Vainionora aemulans'' *'' Vainionora americana'' *''Vainionora flavidorufa'' *'' Vainionora flavovirens'' *'' Vainionora mexicana'' *'' Vainionora nugrae'' *''Vainionora pallidostraminea ''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallid ...'' *'' Vainionora stramineopallens'' *'' Vainionora variabilis'' *'' Vainionora warmingii'' References Lecanoraceae Lecanorales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 1991 Taxa named by Klaus Kalb {{Lecanorales-stub ...
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Vainionora Variabilis
''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallidostraminea'' in 1890. Species *''Vainionora aemulans'' *'' Vainionora americana'' *''Vainionora flavidorufa'' *'' Vainionora flavovirens'' *'' Vainionora mexicana'' *'' Vainionora nugrae'' *''Vainionora pallidostraminea'' *'' Vainionora stramineopallens'' *'' Vainionora variabilis'' *''Vainionora warmingii ''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallid ...'' References Lecanoraceae Lecanorales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 1991 Taxa named by Klaus Kalb {{Lecanorales-stub ...
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Vainionora Stramineopallens
''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallidostraminea'' in 1890. Species *''Vainionora aemulans'' *'' Vainionora americana'' *''Vainionora flavidorufa'' *'' Vainionora flavovirens'' *'' Vainionora mexicana'' *'' Vainionora nugrae'' *''Vainionora pallidostraminea'' *'' Vainionora stramineopallens'' *''Vainionora variabilis'' *''Vainionora warmingii ''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallid ...'' References Lecanoraceae Lecanorales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 1991 Taxa named by Klaus Kalb {{Lecanorales-stub ...
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Vainionora Nugrae
''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallidostraminea'' in 1890. Species *''Vainionora aemulans'' *'' Vainionora americana'' *''Vainionora flavidorufa'' *'' Vainionora flavovirens'' *'' Vainionora mexicana'' *'' Vainionora nugrae'' *''Vainionora pallidostraminea'' *''Vainionora stramineopallens'' *''Vainionora variabilis'' *''Vainionora warmingii ''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallid ...'' References Lecanoraceae Lecanorales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 1991 Taxa named by Klaus Kalb {{Lecanorales-stub ...
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Vainionora Mexicana
''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallidostraminea'' in 1890. Species *''Vainionora aemulans'' *'' Vainionora americana'' *''Vainionora flavidorufa'' *'' Vainionora flavovirens'' *'' Vainionora mexicana'' *''Vainionora nugrae'' *''Vainionora pallidostraminea'' *''Vainionora stramineopallens'' *''Vainionora variabilis'' *''Vainionora warmingii ''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallid ...'' References Lecanoraceae Lecanorales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 1991 Taxa named by Klaus Kalb {{Lecanorales-stub ...
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Vainionora Flavovirens
''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallidostraminea'' in 1890. Species *''Vainionora aemulans'' *'' Vainionora americana'' *''Vainionora flavidorufa'' *'' Vainionora flavovirens'' *''Vainionora mexicana'' *''Vainionora nugrae'' *''Vainionora pallidostraminea'' *''Vainionora stramineopallens'' *''Vainionora variabilis'' *''Vainionora warmingii ''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallid ...'' References Lecanoraceae Lecanorales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 1991 Taxa named by Klaus Kalb {{Lecanorales-stub ...
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Vainionora Aemulans
''Vainionora'' is a genus of lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus, which was circumscribed in 1991 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, honours the Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio Edvard August Vainio (born Edvard Lang; 5 August 185314 May 1929) was a Finnish lichenologist. His early works on the lichens of Lapland, his three-volume monograph on the lichen genus ''Cladonia'', and, in particular, his study of the cla ..., who described the type species as ''Lecanora pallidostraminea'' in 1890. Species *'' Vainionora aemulans'' *'' Vainionora americana'' *'' Vainionora flavidorufa'' *'' Vainionora flavovirens'' *'' Vainionora mexicana'' *'' Vainionora nugrae'' *'' Vainionora pallidostraminea'' *'' Vainionora stramineopallens'' *'' Vainionora variabilis'' *'' Vainionora warmingii'' References Lecanoraceae Lecanorales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 1991 Taxa named by Klaus Kalb {{Lecanorales-stub ...
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Klaus Kalb
Klaus Kalb (born 1942) is a German lichenologist and an authority on tropical lichens. Biography Klaus Kalb was born in Nuremberg in 1942 and grew up in southern Bavaria. From 1960 to 1965 he studied biology, chemistry, and geography at the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg. Kalb was greatly interested in lichens and decided to pursue a doctoral degree; his thesis work was about lichen communities in the Ötztal Alps. From 1978–1981 he was a teacher at the Colégio Visconde de Porto Seguro in São Paulo, Brazil. This position afforded him the opportunity to initiate research into tropical lichens. Kalb earned his habilitation from the University of Regensburg in 1989, becoming an associate professor with that institution. In 2014, the University of Wisconsin herbarium purchased Kalb's lichen collection of 60,000 specimens for $75,000. With the acquisition of Kalb's collection, rich in tropical and European specimens, the herbarium houses about 70% of the world's know ...
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