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Untung Jawa (Amsterdam Island)
Untung Jawa, previously known as ''Amsterdam Island'' is an Indonesian island off the coast of Jakarta. It is part of the Thousand Islands (Indonesia), Thousand Islands. Geography The Thousand Islands are basically coral reefs. In the nineteenth century Amsterdam Island was said to have been the longest continuously inhabited island of the Thousand Islands. It had fresh water, and the coral was covered by a thick layer of humus, making it malaria free. It had many trees, some of them very old and big. The island is close to deep water, making it a good harbor for big ships. History Before the colonial period Untung Jawa was inhabited before the colonial period. The Dutch East India Company The Dutch presence in the area started when the Dutch East India Company (VOC) established a naval base at nearby Onrust Island in 1613. In 1619 the Dutch then managed to conquer nearby Jakarta, renamed it Batavia, and made it the capital of the Dutch East Indies. Ships were able to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South East Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical south-eastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of mainland China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and north-west of mainland Australia. Southeast Asia is bordered to the north by East Asia, to the west by South Asia and the Bay of Bengal, to the east by Oceania and the Pacific Ocean, and to the south by Australia and the Indian Ocean. Apart from the British Indian Ocean Territory and two out of 26 atolls of Maldives in South Asia, Maritime Southeast Asia is the only other subregion of Asia that lies partly within the Southern Hemisphere. Mainland Southeast Asia is completely in the Northern Hemisphere. East Timor and the southern portion of Indonesia are the only parts that are south of the Equator. The region lies near the intersection of geological plates, with both heavy seismic and volcan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batavia Dock
''Batavia Dock'', was a floating dry dock built for the Nederlands Indische Droogdok Maatschappij (NIDM) in the 1870s. It was the biggest of two unique tower dry docks, but would never be used. Context Dry dock capacity in the Dutch East Indies In the 1850s there were only two dry docks in the Dutch East Indies, both made of wood. Meanwhile, the demand for dry dock capacity increased sharply. In the 1860s one of the first iron dry docks ever built appeared in the Dutch East Indies. It was the commercial iron dry dock for the shipping line of Cores de Vries, built by Randolph, Elder and Co. After being assembled in the Indies, she sunk during her trial in Surabaya in 1863. The Dutch Navy reacted to the demand by sending the iron Onrust Dock of 3,000 tons. This iron dry dock arrived at Onrust Island near Batavia on 4 November 1869. She did well, but was owned by the navy. The NIDM Since 1 January 1869 civilian ships were no longer allowed in the government dry docks of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1883 Eruption Of Krakatoa
The 1883 eruption of Krakatoa ( id, Letusan Krakatau 1883) in the Sunda Strait occurred from 20 May until 21 October 1883, peaking in the late morning hours of 27 August when over 70% of the island of Krakatoa and its surrounding archipelago were destroyed as it collapsed into a caldera. The eruption was one of the deadliest and most destructive volcanic events in recorded history. The explosion was heard away in Perth, Western Australia, and Rodrigues near Mauritius, away. The sound wave is recorded to have travelled around the globe seven times. At least 36,417 deaths are attributed to the eruption and the tsunamis it created. Significant additional effects were also felt around the world in the days and weeks after the volcano's eruption. Additional seismic activity was reported until February 1884, but any reports after October 1883 were dismissed by Rogier Verbeek's subsequent investigation into the eruption. Early phase In the years before the 1883 eruption, seismic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volharding Dock
''Volharding Dock'', was a floating dry dock built for the Nederlands Indische Droogdok Maatschappij (NIDM) in the 1870s. It was the smallest of two unique tower dry docks, and the only one that would actually be put in use. Context Dry dock capacity in the Dutch East Indies In the 1850s there were only two dry docks in the Dutch East Indies, both made of wood. Meanwhile the demand for dry dock capacity increased sharply. In the 1860s one of the first iron dry docks ever built appeared in the Dutch East Indies. It was the commercial iron dry dock for the shipping line of Cores de Vries, built by Randolph, Elder and Co. After being assembled in the Indies, she sunk during her trial in Surabaya in 1863. The Dutch Navy reacted to the demand by sending the iron Onrust Dock of 3,000 tons. This iron dry dock arrived at Onrust Island near Batavia on 4 November 1869. She would prove remarkably durable, but was owned by the navy. The NIDM Since 1 January 1869 civilian ships were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coaling (ships)
The era of the steam warship powered exclusively by coal was relatively brief, lasting from 1871 until 1914. Although the French ironclad ''Gloire'' and the iron hulled in 1860 both had coal-fired boilers and funnels, their purpose was to provide additional speed in battle. Sails provided their main propulsion most of the time so, unlike , the first ship built without sails, these were not true steamships. Although much faster than sail, the lengthy refueling or coaling required by steam ships brought considerable additional risk to the ship and hardship to the crew. These drawbacks led to the replacement of coal by oil. Coal itself also required maintenance. Coal cannot be pumped and, once loaded, it had to be continuously moved to ensure bunkers nearest the boilers were always full should full power be suddenly needed. These problems were sufficiently serious for the Royal Navy to build as an oil-fired ship despite an abundance of coal and a shortage of oil in the United Kingd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shear Legs
Shear legs, also known as sheers, shears, or sheer legs, are a form of two-legged lifting device. Shear legs may be permanent, formed of a solid A-frame and supports, as commonly seen on land and the floating sheerleg, or temporary, as aboard a vessel lacking a fixed crane or derrick. When fixed, they are often used for very heavy lifting, as in tank recovery, shipbuilding, and offshore salvage operations. At dockyards they hoist masts and other substantial rigging parts on board. They are sometimes temporarily rigged on sailboats for similar tasks. Uses On land Shear legs are a lifting device related to the gin pole, derrick and tripod (lifting device). Shears are an A-frame of any kind of material such as timbers or metal, the feet resting on or in the ground or on a solid surface which will not let them move and the top held in place with guy-wires or guy ropes simply called "guys". Shear legs only need two guys whereas a gin pole needs at least three. The U. S. Army Fie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Netherland Line
The Stoomvaart Maatschappij Nederland ("Netherlands Steamship Company") or SMN, also known as the Netherland Line or Nederland Line, was a Dutch shipping line that operated from 1870 until 1970, when it merged with several other companies to form what would become Royal Nedlloyd.Nedlloyd itself later merged with Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company (P&O) to become P&O Nedlloyd, now a part of Maersk. The company's motto, ''Semper Mare Navigandum'' ("Always sail the seas"), conveniently fitted the same initials. Foundation Introduction The SMN was founded on May 13, 1870 in Amsterdam for the trade between North Western Europe and the former Dutch East Indies (modern Indonesia) via the newly opened Suez Canal. Construction of the Suez Canal had started on 25 April 1859. Together with the development of steam engines with lower coal consumption (the compound engine), the realization of a suitable canal would make sailing ships obsolete on the passage to the East I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Prins Hendrik (1874)
SS ''Prins Hendrik'' was a Dutch steam ship of the Netherland Line (Dutch Stoomvaart Maatschappij Nederland (SMN) or Netherlands Steamship Company) Ordering and construction SS ''Prinses Hendrik'' was built for Stoomvaart Maatschappij Nederland (SMN) by John Elder & Co. of Govan on the River Clyde. The order for the ship was caused by the disaster of a previous SS ''Prins Hendrik'' which sunk in the Red Sea on 27 September 1873. The decision to place this order in Glasgow was taken by mid October. ''Prinses Hendrik'' was laid down as yard number 232 at John Elder & Co in Gowan on 31 January 1874. She was launched on 30 September 1874. On 13 November 1874 she made her trial runs on the Clyde under Captain M.C. Braat, and reached 13 knots. On 18 November 1874 she left Greenock for Nieuwediep (Den Helder). Characteristics Dimensions ''Prinses Hendrik'' was long, wide and had a draught of . The cargo size of the ship was . Machinery The compound steam engines were als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prins Hendrik II At Amsterdam Island 1878
Prins (Dutch: Prince) is a Dutch surname. In 2007, Prins was the 48th most common surname in the Netherlands (15,361 people).Leender BrouwerThe top 100 surnames in the Netherlands/ref> The surname does not derive from an ancestor who was a prince. Instead, the original may have lived in or worked at a location, like a windmill or inn, with that name, or was called "the prince" as a nickname. Historical records note Sephardic Italian Jewish surname of Principe or Prinzi later being changed to the more locally accepted Prins (and then Prince once in England or Colonial America). People with the name Prins include: *Ada Prins (1879-1977), Dutch chemist *A. H. J. Prins (1921–2000), Dutch Africanist and maritime anthropologist * (1845–1919), Belgian jurist and criminologist * Alwin de Prins (born 1978), Luxembourgish swimmer *Anna Prins (born 1991), American basketball player * Anthony Winkler Prins (1817–1903), author of Winkler Prins a Dutch encyclopedia * (1816–1867), D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Picul
A picul or tam is a traditional Asian unit of weight, defined as "as much as a man can carry on a shoulder-pole". History The word ''picul'' appeared as early as the mid 9th century in Javanese. Following Spanish, Portuguese, British and most especially the Dutch colonial maritime trade, the term ''picul'' was both a convenient unit, and a lingua franca unit that was widely understood and employed by other Austronesians (in modern Malaysia and the Philippines) and their centuries-old trading relations with Indians, Chinese and Arabs. It remained a convenient reference unit for many commercial trade journals in the 19th century. One example is ''Hunts Merchant Magazine'' of 1859 giving detailed tables of expected prices of various commodities, such as coffee, e.g. one picul of Javanese coffee could be expected to be bought from 8 to 8.50 Spanish dollars in Batavia and Singapore. Definitions As for any traditional measurement unit, the exact definition of the picul varied ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fathom
A fathom is a unit of length in the imperial and the U.S. customary systems equal to , used especially for measuring the depth of water. The fathom is neither an International Standard (SI) unit, nor an internationally-accepted non-SI unit. Historically, however, it is the most frequently employed maritime measure of depth in the English-speaking world. There are two yards (6 feet) in an imperial fathom. Originally the span of a man's outstretched arms, the size of a fathom has varied slightly depending on whether it was defined as a thousandth of an (Admiralty) nautical mile or as a multiple of the imperial yard. Formerly, the term was used for any of several units of length varying around . Name The name (pronounced ) derives from the Old English word ''fæðm'', cognate to the Danish (via the Vikings) word "favn" meaning embracing arms or a pair of outstretched arms. Cognate maybe also via the Old High German word "fadum" of the same meaning.''Oxford English Dictionary' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jakarta
Jakarta (; , bew, Jakarte), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta ( id, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta) is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Lying on the northwest coast of Java, the world's most populous island, Jakarta is the largest city in Southeast Asia and serves as the diplomatic capital of ASEAN. The city is the economic, cultural, and political centre of Indonesia. It possesses a province-level status and has a population of 10,609,681 as of mid 2021.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2022. Although Jakarta extends over only , and thus has the smallest area of any Indonesian province, its metropolitan area covers , which includes the satellite cities Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, South Tangerang, and Bekasi, and has an estimated population of 35 million , making it the largest urban area in Indonesia and the second-largest in the world (after Tokyo). Jakarta ranks first among the Indonesian provinces in human development index. Jakarta's busin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
