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Unite The Left
Unite the Left (''Unire la Sinistra'') was a minority faction within the Party of Italian Communists (PdCI), a political party in Italy. Its leaders included former minister Katia Bellillo and MEP Umberto Guidoni. The faction was formed before the July 2008 congress of the PdCI by those who supported the continuation of The Left – The Rainbow and a common path with the other far-left political forces. Bellillo was a candidate for party secretary, but gained only 17% of the support among party members and was defeated by incumbent Oliviero Diliberto. The minority however harshly criticized the party leadership for a lack of democracy in the party. On 8 February 2009 Unite the Left finally quit the PdCI in order to form a joint-list 2009 European Parliament election with the Movement for the Left, the Federation of the Greens, Democratic Left and United to the Left. The list was named Left Ecology Freedom and was founded as a party on 22 October 2010. Leadership *President: Umb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Party Of Italian Communists
The Party of Italian Communists ( it, Partito dei Comunisti Italiani, PdCI) was a communist party in Italy established in October 1998 by splinters from the Communist Refoundation Party (PRC). The split was led by Armando Cossutta, founder and early leader of the PRC, who opposed Fausto Bertinotti's leaderhip and, especially, his decision to withdraw support from Romano Prodi's first cabinet. In December 2014, the party was transformed into Communist Party of Italy (PCd'I), which would later evolve into the re-edition of the Italian Communist Party (PCI). History Foundation and early years In October 1998, the PRC was divided between those who wanted to stop supporting Romano Prodi's first government, led by PRC secretary Fausto Bertinotti; and those who wanted to continue the alliance, led by PRC president Cossutta. The central committee endorsed Bertinotti's line, but Cossutta and his followers decided to support Prodi nonetheless. The votes of ''cossuttiani'' were not en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Left (Italy)
Democratic Left ( it, Sinistra Democratica, SD), whose complete name was Democratic Left. For European Socialism (''Sinistra Democratica. Per il Socialismo Europeo''), was a democratic-socialist political party in Italy. SD was founded on 5 May 2007 by splinters of the Democrats of the Left (DS) led by Fabio Mussi and Gavino Angius, who opposed the merger of the DS with Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy to form the Democratic Party. According to its leading members at its foundation, SD was to be not a party but a movement, with the goal to unite the entire Italian left from Communist Refoundation Party to the Italian Democratic Socialists. On 22–24 October 2010, SD was merged into Left Ecology Freedom. History Foundation In April 2007 the Democrats of the Left (DS) held in Florence their last congress in order to ratify the move towards the foundation of the Democratic Party, along with the centrists of Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy. In opposition to Piero Fassino's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Parties Disestablished In 2010
Politics (from , ) is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. It may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and nonviolent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but also often carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or limitedly, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external force, including w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defunct Political Parties In Italy
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Defunct (no longer in use or active) may refer to: * ''Defunct'' (video game), 2014 * Zombie process or defunct process, in Unix-like operating systems See also * * :Former entities * End-of-life product * Obsolescence Obsolescence is the state of being which occurs when an object, service, or practice is no longer maintained or required even though it may still be in good working order. It usually happens when something that is more efficient or less risky r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defunct Socialist Parties In Italy
{{Disambiguation ...
Defunct (no longer in use or active) may refer to: * ''Defunct'' (video game), 2014 * Zombie process or defunct process, in Unix-like operating systems See also * * :Former entities * End-of-life product * Obsolescence Obsolescence is the state of being which occurs when an object, service, or practice is no longer maintained or required even though it may still be in good working order. It usually happens when something that is more efficient or less risky r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luca Robotti
The last universal common ancestor (LUCA) is the most recent population from which all organisms now living on Earth share common descent—the most recent common ancestor of all current life on Earth. This includes all cellular organisms; the origins of viruses are unclear but they share the same genetic code. LUCA probably harboured a variety of viruses. The LUCA is not the first life on Earth, but rather the latest form ancestral to all existing life. While there is no specific fossil evidence of the LUCA, the detailed biochemical similarity of all current life confirms its existence. Its characteristics can be inferred from shared features of modern genomes. These genes describe a complex life form with many co-adapted features, including transcription and translation mechanisms to convert information from DNA to RNA to proteins. The LUCA probably lived in the high-temperature water of deep sea vents near ocean-floor magma flows around 4 billion years ago. Historica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left Ecology Freedom
Left Ecology Freedom ( it, Sinistra Ecologia Libertà, SEL) was a democratic socialist political party in Italy whose bulk was formed by former members of the Communist Refoundation Party. The party's leader was Nichi Vendola, a former President of Apulia. On 17 December 2016, SEL dissolved into Italian Left, which was officially launched as a party in early 2017. History Left and Freedom SEL was formed as an alliance called Left and Freedom (''Sinistra e Libertà'', SL) in the run up to the 2009 European Parliament election in order to overcome the 4% threshold introduced by the new electoral law in February 2009. At the time of formation, on 16 March 2009, SL included: *Movement for the Left (MpS, socialist/communist, leader: Nichi Vendola, 2 MEPs) *Socialist Party (PS, social-democratic, leader: Riccardo Nencini, 4 MEPs) *Federation of the Greens (FdV, green, leader: Grazia Francescato, 2 MEPs) * Democratic Left (SD, democratic socialist, leader: Claudio Fava) *Unite the L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United To The Left
United to the Left (''Uniti a Sinistra'') was a network of leftist groups associated with the Communist Refoundation Party (PRC) in Italy from 2005 to 2009. At some point it claimed to have 20,000 members and 300 clubs all around Italy. In April 2005 Pietro Folena (a leading member of the Democrats of the Left who had been a close aide of Walter Veltroni) and Francesco Martone (a splinter from the Federation of the Greens) left their parties in order to join the PRC. In July 2008 they formed "United to the Left" as a network of left-wing groups which wanted to take part to Fausto Bertinotti's project of the European Left, along with Antonello Falomi (a former deputy leader of the Democrats of the Left in the Senate who had followed Achille Occhetto into an alliance with Italy of Values for the 2004 European Parliament election) and two leading members of the Italian General Confederation of Labour, Paolo Nerozzi and Gianni Rinaldini. The group was later joined by Maura Cossu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federation Of The Greens
The Federation of the Greens ( it, Federazione dei Verdi, FdV), frequently referred to as Greens (''Verdi''), was a green political party in Italy. It was formed in 1990 by the merger of the Federation of Green Lists and the Rainbow Greens. The FdV was part of the European Green Party and the Global Greens. In July 2021 it was merged into Green Europe. History Background and foundation The Federation of Green Lists was formed in 1984 by leading environmentalists and anti-nuclear activists, notably including Gianni Mattioli, Gianfranco Amendola, Massimo Scalia and Alexander Langer. The party made its debut at the 1987 general election and obtained 2.6% of the vote, gaining 13 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and two senators. Later that year, the Greens successfully campaigned for three referendums aimed at stopping nuclear power in Italy, which had been proposed by the left-liberal Radical Party and was eventually supported by the country's three main parties (Christi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Political Parties In Italy
This article contains a list of political parties in Italy since Italian unification in 1861. Throughout history, numerous political parties have been operating in Italy, and since World War II no party has ever gained enough support to govern alone: parties thus form political alliances and coalition governments. In the 2022 general election four groupings obtained most of the votes and most of the seats in the two houses of the Italian Parliament: a centre-right coalition, composed of Brothers of Italy, Lega, Forza Italia, and minor allies; a centre-left coalition, composed of the Democratic Party and minor allies; the anti-establishment Five Star Movement; the liberal Action – Italia Viva. Coalitions of parties for regional elections can be slightly different from those for general elections, due to different regional conditions (for instance, in some regions the Five Star Movement and the Democratic Party are in coalition, but not in other ones) and the presence of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Movement For The Left
Movement for the Left ( it, Movimento per la Sinistra, MpS) was a socialist political party in Italy. It emerged as a split from the Communist Refoundation Party and later merged into Left Ecology Freedom. Its leader was Nichi Vendola. History MpS emerged from the split of Refoundation for the Left (RpS), a faction within the Communist Refoundation Party (PRC) composed of the bulk of the ''Bertinottiani'', the group around Fausto Bertinotti that retained the majority of the party from 1998 to 2008. They supported the candidacy of Nichi Vendola for party secretary in the 24–27 July 2008 congress of the party. Vendola was defeated and Paolo Ferrero, a former ''bertinottiano'' who gained the support of the party's left-wing, became secretary. RpS represented the modernisers within the party and supported the creation of a united left with greens, socialists and other radicals (in fact they were among the keenest supporters of The Left – The Rainbow), both in Italy and in Europe. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 European Parliament Election In Italy
The 2009 European Parliament election in Italy was held on Saturday 6 and Sunday 7 June 2009, as decided by the Italian government on 18 December 2008. Italy elected 72 members of the European Parliament (MEPs). Electoral system The party-list proportional representation was the traditional electoral system of the Italian Republic from its establishment in 1946 to 1994, therefore it was also adopted to elect the Italian members of the European Parliament (MEPs) since 1979. Two levels were introduced: a national level to divide the seats among parties and a constituency level to distribute them among candidates in open lists. Five constituencies were established, each including 2–5 regions and each electing a fixed number of MEPs. At national level, seats are divided between party lists using the largest remainder method with Hare quota. Seats are allocated to parties and then to their most voted candidates. In the run-up of the election, the Italian Parliament has introduced ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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