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Unified Northern Alphabet
The Unified Northern Alphabet (UNA) (russian: Единый северный алфавит) was created during the Latinisation in the Soviet Union for the Indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East, "small" languages of the North. Systematic work on the development of writing in the languages of the peoples of the North began in 1926, when the Northern Faculty (known as Institute of the Peoples of the North, the Institute of the Peoples of the North (IPN) since 1930) of the Leningrad Oriental Institute (:ru:Ленинградский восточный институт, ru) was established. The alphabet was initially planned to serve as an alphabet for Chukchi language, Chukchi, Even language, Even, Evenki language, Evenki, Nivkh language, Gilyak, Itelmen language, Itelmen, Ket language, Ket, Koryak language, Koryak, Mansi language, Mansi, Nanai language, Nanai, Nenets languages, Nenets, Sami languages, Saami, Selkup language, Selkup, Siberian Yupik ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unified Northern Alphabet
The Unified Northern Alphabet (UNA) (russian: Единый северный алфавит) was created during the Latinisation in the Soviet Union for the Indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East, "small" languages of the North. Systematic work on the development of writing in the languages of the peoples of the North began in 1926, when the Northern Faculty (known as Institute of the Peoples of the North, the Institute of the Peoples of the North (IPN) since 1930) of the Leningrad Oriental Institute (:ru:Ленинградский восточный институт, ru) was established. The alphabet was initially planned to serve as an alphabet for Chukchi language, Chukchi, Even language, Even, Evenki language, Evenki, Nivkh language, Gilyak, Itelmen language, Itelmen, Ket language, Ket, Koryak language, Koryak, Mansi language, Mansi, Nanai language, Nanai, Nenets languages, Nenets, Sami languages, Saami, Selkup language, Selkup, Siberian Yupik ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siberian Yupik Language
Central Siberian Yupik, (also known as Siberian Yupik, Bering Strait Yupik, Yuit, Yoit, "St. Lawrence Island Yupik", and in Russia "Chaplinski Yupik" or Yuk) is an endangered Yupik language spoken by the indigenous Siberian Yupik people along the coast of Chukotka in the Russian Far East and in the villages of Savoonga and Gambell on St. Lawrence Island. The language is part of the Eskimo-Aleut language family. In Alaska, it is estimated that fewer than 1000 of the 1200 residents of St. Lawrence Island speak the language, while, in Russia, approximately 200 speakers remain out of an ethnic population of 1,200. Dialects and subgroups Siberian Yupik has two dialects: Chaplino (Chaplinski) Yupik (Uŋazigmit) is spoken on the shores of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the Russian Far North, and St. Lawrence Island Yupik (Sivuqaghmiistun) is spoken on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. Chaplino, or ''Uŋazigmit'', is the largest Yupik language of Siberia (the second one is Naukan Yupik ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Z With Stroke
Ƶ (minuscule: ƶ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from Z with the addition of a stroke through the centre. Use in alphabets Ƶ is used in the latin version of the Karachay-Balkar alphabet to represent palatalization, with ь as the Cyrillic equivalent. Ƶ was used in the Jaꞑalif alphabet (part of Uniform Turkic Alphabet) for the Tatar language in the first half of the 20th-century to represent a voiced postalveolar fricative , now written ''j''. Ƶ was used in the 1992 Latin Chechen spelling as voiced postalveolar fricative . It was also used in a 1931 variant of the Karelian alphabet for the Tver dialect. The 1931–1941 Mongolian Latin alphabet used Ƶ to represent . It was used in Unifon, being the Last Letter represented Voiced alveolar fricative. / z/ Use in heraldry The Ƶ character is similar to the vertical form of the ''Wolfsangel'' (or "wolf trap") heraldic charge from medieval Germany and eastern France. The symbol was an early 15th-centur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
S With Oblique Stroke
S, or s, is the nineteenth letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''ess'' (pronounced ), plural ''esses''. History Origin Northwest Semitic šîn represented a voiceless postalveolar fricative (as in 'ip'). It originated most likely as a pictogram of a tooth () and represented the phoneme via the acrophonic principle. Ancient Greek did not have a phoneme, so the derived Greek letter sigma () came to represent the voiceless alveolar sibilant . While the letter shape Σ continues Phoenician ''šîn'', its name ''sigma'' is taken from the letter ''samekh'', while the shape and position of ''samekh'' but name of ''šîn'' is continued in the '' xi''. Within Greek, the name of ''sigma'' was influenced by its association with the Greek word (earlier ) "to hiss". The original name of the letter "sigma" may have been ''san'', but due to the complica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
R With Stroke
R with stroke (majuscule: Ɍ, minuscule: ɍ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from R with the addition of a bar through the letter. It should not be confused with ℞, a symbol used for medical prescriptions. Usage It is used in the Kanuri language and in Tunisian Arabic transliteration (based on Maltese with additional letters). It was also used in the Unified Northern Alphabet The Unified Northern Alphabet (UNA) (russian: Единый северный алфавит) was created during the Latinisation in the Soviet Union for the Indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East, "small" language .... Code positions Latin letters with diacritics {{Latin-script-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barred O
Barring may refer to: * Barring (music), a guitar playing technique * Barring engine, forms part of the installation of a large stationary steam engine * Barring order, an order used by a court to protect a person, object, business, company, state, country, establishment, or entity, and the general public, in a situation involving alleged domestic violence, child abuse, assault, harassment, stalking, or sexual assault. See also * Bar (other) Bar or BAR may refer to: Food and drink * Bar (establishment), selling alcoholic beverages * Candy bar * Chocolate bar Science and technology * Bar (river morphology), a deposit of sediment * Bar (tropical cyclone), a layer of cloud * Bar (u ... * Banning {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eng (letter)
Eng or engma ( capital: Ŋ, lowercase: ŋ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, used to represent a voiced velar nasal (as in English ''sii'') in the written form of some languages and in the International Phonetic Alphabet. In Washo, lower-case represents a typical sound, while upper-case represents a voiceless sound. This convention comes from Americanist phonetic notation. History The ''First Grammatical Treatise'', a 12th-century work on the phonology of the Old Icelandic language, uses a single grapheme for the eng sound, shaped like a g with a stroke . Alexander Gill the Elder uses an uppercase G with a hooked tail and a lowercase n with the hooked tail of a script g for the same sound in ''Logonomia Anglica'' in 1619. William Holder uses the letter in ''Elements of Speech: An Essay of Inquiry into the Natural Production of Letters'', published in 1669, but it was not printed as intended; he indicates in his errata that “there was intended a character for Ng, viz., ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
L With Stroke
L, or l, is the twelfth letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''el'' (pronounced ), plural ''els''. History Lamedh may have come from a pictogram of an ox goad or cattle prod. Some have suggested a shepherd's staff. Use in writing systems Phonetic and phonemic transcription In phonetic and phonemic transcription, the International Phonetic Alphabet uses to represent the lateral alveolar approximant. English In English orthography, usually represents the phoneme , which can have several sound values, depending on the speaker's accent, and whether it occurs before or after a vowel. The alveolar lateral approximant (the sound represented in IPA by lowercase ) occurs before a vowel, as in ''lip'' or ''blend'', while the velarized alveolar lateral approximant (IPA ) occurs in ''bell'' and ''milk''. This velarization does not occur in many European lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
I With Bowl
, (''I with bowl'') is an additional letter of the Latin alphabet. It was introduced in 1928 into the reformed Yañalif, and later into other alphabets for Soviet minority languages. The letter was designed specifically to represent the non-front close vowel sounds and . Thus, this letter corresponds to the letter in modern Turkic alphabets. Usage The letter was originally included in the Yañalif, and later also included in the alphabets of the Kurdish, Abazin, Sami, Ingrian, Komi, Tsakhur, Azerbaijani and Bashkir languages, as well as in the draft reform of the Udmurt alphabet. During the project of the Latinization of the Russian language, this letter corresponded to the Cyrillic letter . In alphabets that used this letter, the lowercase B was replaced by a small capital so that there would be no confusion between and . Alfavit2.jpg, New Turkic alphabet (''Yañalif'') Unified Northern Alphabet.jpg, The Latin-based Unified Northern Alphabet Soviet kurdi latin al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heng (letter)
Heng is a letter of the Latin alphabet, originating as a typographic ligature of '' h'' and '' ŋ''. It is used for a voiceless ''y''-like sound, such as in Dania transcription of the Danish language. It was used word-finally in early transcriptions of Mayan languages, where it may have represented a uvular fricative. It is sometimes used to write Judeo-Tat. It has been occasionally used by phonologists to represent a hypothetical phoneme in English, which includes both and as its allophones, to illustrate the limited usefulness of minimal pairs to distinguish phonemes. Normally and are considered separate phonemes in English, even though a minimal pair for them cannot be constructed, due to their complementary distribution. It is also used in Bantu linguistics to indicate a voiced alveolar lateral fricative (). Both and are encoded in Unicode block Latin Extended-D; they were added with Unicode version 5.1 in April 2008. Transcription A variant form, , is encoded as p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schwa
In linguistics, specifically phonetics and phonology, schwa (, rarely or ; sometimes spelled shwa) is a vowel sound denoted by the IPA symbol , placed in the central position of the vowel chart. In English and some other languages, it represents the mid central vowel sound (rounded or unrounded), produced when the lips, tongue, and jaw are completely relaxed, such as the vowel sound of the in the English word ''about''. In English, some long-established phonetic transcription systems assert that the mid central vowel as an unstressed vowel and transcribed with schwa (ə) is always a different vowel sound from the open-mid back unrounded vowel as a stressed vowel and transcribed with turned v ( ʌ), although they may recognize allophony between the pair. As Geoff Lindsey explains, within these systems, it is said that "schwa is never stressed"; but other authorities (including Lindsey himself) recognize that in some varieties of English, such as General American Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ze (Cyrillic)
Ze (З з; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It commonly represents the voiced alveolar fricative , like the pronunciation of in "zebra". ''Ze is romanized using the Latin letter'' . The shape of Ze is very similar to the Arabic numeral three , and should not be confused with the Cyrillic letter E . History and shape Ze is derived from the Greek letter Zeta (Ζ ζ). In the Early Cyrillic alphabet its name was (''zemlja''), meaning "earth". The shape of the letter originally looked similar to a Greek or Latin letter Z with a tail on the bottom (). Though a majuscule form of this variant () is encoded in Unicode, historically it was only used as caseless or lowercase.Ponomar Project. ''The Complete Character Range for Slavonic Script in Unicode.'' In the Cyrillic numeral system, Zemlja had a value of 7. Medieval Cyrillic manuscripts and Church Slavonic printed books have two variant forms of the letter Zemlja: з and . Only the form was used in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
