|
Utility Location
Utility locating is the process of identifying and labeling public utility mains that are underground. These mains may include lines for telecommunication, electricity, electricity distribution, natural gas, cable television, optical fibers, fiber optics, traffic lights, street lights, storm drains, water supply network, water mains, and wastewater pipes. In some locations, major pipeline transport, oil and gas pipelines, national defense communication lines, public transport, mass transit, rail, and road tunnels also compete for space underground. Overview Public utility systems are often run underground—some by the very nature of their function, others for convenience or aesthetics. In the United States, it is estimated that subsurface lines amount to over in total. Before digging, local governments often require that the underground systems' locations be denoted and approved, if it is to be in the public Right-of-way (transportation), right-of-way. Pipeline markers, signs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Using A Utility Locator
Using may refer to: Programming language keywords * In C++, for typedef#Usage in C++, alias declarations * In C++, for Namespace#C++, using directives * In C++, for Enumerated_type#C++, using enum declarations * In C#, for include directive#Other languages, using directives * In TypeScript, for using declarations Other uses *Using Daeng Rangka (c. 1845–1927), a Makassan fisherman who had contact with Aboriginal Australians See also * Use (other) {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pipe (material)
Pipe(s), PIPE(S) or piping may refer to: Objects * Pipe (fluid conveyance), a hollow cylinder following certain dimension rules ** Piping, the use of pipes in industry * Smoking pipe ** Tobacco pipe * Half-pipe and quarter pipe, semi-circular ramps for performing skateboarding/snowboarding tricks * Piping (sewing), tubular ornamental fabric sewn around the edge of a garment * ''For the musical instruments'', see below Music * Pipe (instrument), a traditional perforated wind instrument * Bagpipe, a class of musical instrument, aerophones using enclosed reeds ** Pipes and drums or pipe bands, composed of musicians who play the Scottish and Irish bagpipes * Organ pipe, one of the tuned resonators that produces the main sound of a pipe organ * Pan pipes, see Pan flute, an ancient musical instrument based on the principle of the stopped pipe * Piped music, or elevator music, a type of background music * "Pipe", by Christie Front Drive from '' Christie Front Drive'', 1994 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ridgid
The Ridge Tool Company is an American manufacturing company that makes and distributes tools under the Ridgid brand name. The company was founded in 1923 in North Ridgeville, Ohio. In 1943, it relocated to its current location in Elyria, Ohio, and in 1966, it became a wholly owned subsidiary of Emerson Electric. Ridgid tools are targeted at the plumbing, pipe fitting, construction, and HVAC trades. The brand is best known for its distinctive red pipe wrenches, but the company manufactures over 300 different types of tools. The company also sells power tools, largely made by TTI, and wet/dry vacs, made by parent company Emerson. Ridgid produced a pinup calendar from 1935 until 2016. Early renditions featured the work of American pin-up artist George Petty. Models having appeared on the calendar include Raquel Welch and Brooke Burke. Gallery Image:Ridgid 10" pipe wrench.jpg, A 10" pipe wrench manufactured by Ridgid. Image:Ridgid 6-in-1 screwdriver.jpg, A 6-in-1 screwdrive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Packet Radio Service
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), also called 2.5G, is a mobile data standard on the 2G cellular communication network's global system for mobile communications (GSM). Networks and mobile devices with GPRS started to roll out around the year 2001; it offered, for the first time on GSM networks, seamless data transmission using packet data for an "always-on" connection (eliminating the need to "dial-up"), so providing improved Internet access for web, email, WAP services, Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) and others. Up until the rollout of GPRS, only circuit switched data was used in cellular networks, meaning that one or more radio channels were occupied for the entire duration of a data connection. On the other hand, on GPRS networks, data is broken into small packets and transmitted through available channels. This increased efficiency also gives it theoretical data rates of 56–114 kbit/s, significantly faster than the preceding Circuit Switched Data (CSD) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petroleum Product
Petroleum products are materials derived from crude oil (petroleum) as it is processed in oil refineries. Unlike petrochemicals, which are a collection of well-defined usually pure organic compounds, petroleum products are complex mixtures. Most petroleum is converted into petroleum products, which include several classes of fuels. According to the composition of the crude oil and depending on the demands of the market, refineries can produce different shares of petroleum products. The largest share of oil products is used as "energy carriers", i.e. various grades of fuel oil and gasoline. These fuels include or can be blended to give gasoline, jet fuel, diesel fuel, heating oil, and heavier fuel oils. Heavier (less volatile) fractions can also be used to produce asphalt, tar, paraffin wax, lubricating and other heavy oils. Refineries also produce other chemicals, some of which are used in chemical processes to produce plastics and other useful materials. Since petrole ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bollard
A bollard is a sturdy, short, vertical post. The term originally referred to a post on a ship or quay used principally for mooring boats. In modern usage, it also refers to posts installed to control road traffic and posts designed to prevent automotive vehicles from colliding with pedestrians and structures. Etymology The term is probably related to bole, meaning a tree trunk. The earliest citation given by the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (referring to a maritime bollard) dates from 1844, although a reference in the '' Caledonian Mercury'' in 1817 describes bollards as huge posts. History Wooden posts were used for basic traffic management from at least the second half of the 17th century. One early well-documented case is that of the "postes and rales in ye King's highway for ye (safety) of all foot passengers" erected in 1671 in the High Street of Old Brentford, Middlesex (part of the London–Bath road). Another is that of "two oak-posts" set up next to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engineering Tolerance
Engineering tolerance is the permissible limit or limits of variation in: # a physical dimension; # a measured value or physical property of a material, manufactured object, system, or service; # other measured values (such as temperature, humidity, etc.); # in engineering and safety, a physical distance or space (tolerance), as in a truck (lorry), train or boat under a bridge as well as a train in a tunnel (see structure gauge and loading gauge); # in mechanical engineering, the space between a bolt and a nut or a hole, etc. Dimensions, properties, or conditions may have some variation without significantly affecting functioning of systems, machines, structures, etc. A variation beyond the tolerance (for example, a temperature that is too hot or too cold) is said to be noncompliant, rejected, or exceeding the tolerance. Considerations when setting tolerances A primary concern is to determine how wide the tolerances may be without affecting other factors or the outcome of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ground-penetrating Radar
Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a geophysical method that uses radar pulses to image the subsurface. It is a non-intrusive method of surveying the sub-surface to investigate underground utilities such as concrete, asphalt, metals, pipes, cables or masonry. This nondestructive method uses electromagnetic radiation in the microwave band ( UHF/ VHF frequencies) of the radio spectrum, and detects the reflected signals from subsurface structures. GPR can have applications in a variety of media, including rock, soil, ice, fresh water, pavements and structures. In the right conditions, practitioners can use GPR to detect subsurface objects, changes in material properties, and voids and cracks. GPR uses high-frequency (usually polarized) radio waves, usually in the range 10 MHz to 2.6 GHz. A GPR transmitter and antenna emits electromagnetic energy into the ground. When the energy encounters a buried object or a boundary between materials having different permittivities, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radiolocation
Radiolocation, also known as radiolocating or radiopositioning, is the process of finding the location of something through the use of radio waves. It generally refers to passive, particularly radar—as well as detecting buried cables, water mains, and other public utilities. It is similar to '' radionavigation'' in which one actively seeks its own position; both are types of ''radiodetermination''. Radiolocation is also used in real-time locating systems (RTLS) for tracking valuable assets. Basic principles An object can be located by measuring the characteristics of received radio waves. The radio waves may be transmitted by the object to be located, or they may be backscattered waves (as in radar or passive RFID). A stud finder uses radiolocation when it uses radio waves rather than ultrasound. One technique measures a distance by using the difference in the power of the received signal strength (RSSI) as compared to the originating signal strength. Another techniq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Detectable Tape
Detectable tape or Underground warning tape is a conductive tape typically applied over buried utilities made of non-conductive materials such as plastic, fiberglass, or cement. It is used because most utility location methods work best on conductive objects, and hence may easily miss structures made of non-conductive materials. The tape also serves as a physical warning. If uncovered during digging, it alerts the user to an underground object that might be damaged by further excavation. To aid in this, it is typically colored to reflect the nature of the buried object that it is protecting. It is common for construction specifications to mandate the use of such tape. The conductive material in detectable tapes is typically aluminium Aluminium (or aluminum in North American English) is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol Al and atomic number 13. It has a density lower than that of other common metals, about one-third that of steel. Aluminium h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Receiver (radio)
In radio, radio communications, a radio receiver, also known as a receiver, a wireless, or simply a radio, is an electronic device that receives radio waves and converts the information carried by them to a usable form. It is used with an antenna (radio), antenna. The antenna intercepts radio waves (electromagnetic waves of radio frequency) and converts them to tiny alternating currents which are applied to the receiver, and the receiver extracts the desired information. The receiver uses electronic filters to separate the desired radio frequency signal from all the other signals picked up by the antenna, an electronic amplifier to increase the power of the signal for further processing, and finally recovers the desired information through demodulation. Radio receivers are essential components of all systems based on radio technology. The information produced by the receiver may be in the form of sound, video (television), or digital signal, digital data. A radio receiver may b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
